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Hemipatagus
Taxonomy
Hemipatagus was named by Desor (1858). Its type is Spatangus hoffmanni.
It was synonymized subjectively with Maretia by Henderson (1975).
It was assigned to Spatangidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915), Cooke (1942), Hassan (1953); and to Loveniidae by Kroh (2007).
It was synonymized subjectively with Maretia by Henderson (1975).
It was assigned to Spatangidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915), Cooke (1942), Hassan (1953); and to Loveniidae by Kroh (2007).
Species
H. argutus, H. bandaensis, H. bundensis, H. calvimontanus, H. cartagensis, H. desmoulinsi, H. duncani, H. ficheuri, H. gauthieri, H. girundicus, H. grignonensis (syn. Spatangus arhiaci), H. guebhardi, H. hispanica, H. hoffmanni, H. marianii, H. martensii, H. nicoleti, H. ocellatus, H. pellati, H. regiomontanus, H. sambiensis, H. soubellensis, H. subrostratus, H. tenuis, H. tuberculatus
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1858 | Hemipatagus Desor |
| 1887 | Hemipatagus ficheuri Pomel |
| 1915 | Hemipatagus Clark and Twitchell p. 150 |
| 1942 | Hemipatagus Cooke p. 52 |
| 1953 | Hemipatagus Hassan p. 15 |
| 2007 | Hemipatagus Kroh p. 173 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Hemipatagus Desor 1858
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†Hemipatagus argutus Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Hemipatagus bandaensis Jeannet and Martin 1937
†Hemipatagus bundensis Ebert 1889
†Hemipatagus calvimontanus Cotteau 1885
†Hemipatagus cartagensis Sanchez Roig 1949
†Hemipatagus desmoulinsi Cotteau 1863
†Hemipatagus duncani Lambert 1924
†Hemipatagus gauthieri Lambert 1924
†Hemipatagus girundicus Lambert 1915
†Hemipatagus guebhardi Lambert and Savin 1902
†Hemipatagus hispanica Cotteau 1890
†Hemipatagus hoffmanni Goldfuss 1829
†Hemipatagus marianii Airaghi 1903
†Hemipatagus martensii Ebert 1889
†Hemipatagus nicoleti Agassiz 1839
†Hemipatagus ocellatus Defrance 1827
†Hemipatagus pellati Cotteau 1863
†Hemipatagus regiomontanus Mayer 1860
†Hemipatagus sambiensis Beyrich 1848
†Hemipatagus soubellensis Peron and Gauthier 1891
†Hemipatagus subrostratus Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Hemipatagus tenuis Peron and Gauthier 1891
†Hemipatagus tuberculatus Peron and Gauthier 1885
Invalid names: Hemipatagus ficheuri Pomel 1887 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| A. Kroh 2007 | Cordiform spatangoid differing from other loveniids by its (1) heterogeneous aboral tubercula- tion with large crenulate or non-crenulate primary tubercles (Table 1); (2) conspicuous aboral primary tubercles in interambulacra 1–4, but missing in interambulacrum 5 and the posterior part of interambulacral columns 1a and 4b (see Table 1); (3) strongly sunken areoles or even the presence of camellae in some species; (4) presence of a subanal fasciole in adult specimens, which is strongly bilobed (Figs 2A, B); (5) presence of a conspicuous field of coarse tubercles adjacent to adapical ambulacrum III in interambulacral columns 2b and 3a (Pl. 3, figs 3–5); (6) strong constriction of ambulacra II and IV near the margin on the oral side in adult specimens (Figs 3A, B); (7) moderately elongated labral plate not extending beyond the second ambulacral plates (Figs 3A, B); (8) prominent oral tubercles arranged in distinct rows, in some species with deeply sunken areoles and helically spiralled parapet (e.g. Pl. 3, fig. 7); (9) three to four ambulacral plates extending into the subanal fasciole in ambulacrum I and V, respectively. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Badenian or 48.07000 to 12.80000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.03 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.03 Ma
Collections (18 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lutetian | USA (Mississippi) | H. arguta (155927) Maretia arguta (99668) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Mississippi) | Maretia arguta (100142 101182) | |
| Bartonian | USA (North Carolina) | H. subrostratus (5436) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | USA (Mississippi) | H. argutus (142843) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | USA (North Carolina) | H. subrostratus (142965) | |
| Whaingaroan | New Zealand | Lovenia tuberculata (155806) | |
| Duntroonian | New Zealand (N. W. Nelson) | Lovenia tuberculata (13100) | |
| Chattian | New Zealand (North Island) | Lovenia tuberculata (205950) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene | Greenland | H. sp. (88284) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Italy (Sardinia) | H. sp. (187430 187431) | |
| Altonian | New Zealand | Lovenia tuberculata (155838 155840 155841 155842) | |
| Badenian | Belgium | H. ocellatus (95167) |