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Phymosomatidae
Taxonomy
Phymosomatidae was named by Pomel (1883).
It was assigned to Phymosomatoina by Nisiyama (1966); to Phymosomatoida by Parma and Casadío (2005); and to Phymosomatoida by Fell and Pawson (1966), Wagner (1972), Geys (1980), Geys (1982), Geys and Jagt (1986), Linder et al. (1988), Smith (1991), Smith (1995), Manso and Andrade (2008), Kroh and Smith (2010).
It was assigned to Phymosomatoina by Nisiyama (1966); to Phymosomatoida by Parma and Casadío (2005); and to Phymosomatoida by Fell and Pawson (1966), Wagner (1972), Geys (1980), Geys (1982), Geys and Jagt (1986), Linder et al. (1988), Smith (1991), Smith (1995), Manso and Andrade (2008), Kroh and Smith (2010).
Subtaxa
Acanthechinus, Actinophyma, Aeolopneustes, Cosmocyphus, Dixieus, Gauthieria, Glyptocidaris, Glyptocyphus, Hemithylus, Jacquiertia, Lambertechinus, Leptechinus, Micropsis, Narindechinus, Phymosoma (syn. Cyphosoma), Phymosomatinae, Pleurodiadema, Plistophyma, Polyplacidia, Porosoma (syn. Microsoma, Coptosoma), Rachiosoma (syn. Pomelechinus), Thylechinus, Winkleria
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1883 | Phymosomatidae Pomel |
| 1966 | Phymosomatidae Fell and Pawson p. U395 |
| 1966 | Phymosomatidae Nisiyama p. 190 |
| 1972 | Phymosomatidae Wagner p. 652 |
| 1980 | Phymosomatidae Geys p. 200 |
| 1982 | Phymosomatidae Geys p. 12 |
| 1986 | Phymosomatidae Geys and Jagt p. 99 |
| 1988 | Phymosomatidae Linder et al. p. 946 |
| 1991 | Phymosomatidae Smith p. 26 |
| 1995 | Phymosomatidae Smith p. 166 |
| 2005 | Phymosomatidae Parma and Casadío p. 1074 |
| 2008 | Phymosomatidae Manso and Andrade p. 320 |
| 2010 | Phymosomatidae Kroh and Smith p. 170 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Phymosomatidae Pomel 1883
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G. †Acanthechinus
G. †Actinophyma
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†Actinophyma spectabile Cotteau and Gauthier 1895
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Invalid names: Cyphosoma persicum Cotteau and Gauthier 1895 [synonym]
G. †Aeolopneustes
G. †Dixieus
G. †Gauthieria Lambert 1891
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†Gauthieria menuthiae Lambert and Thiery 1911
†Gauthieria mosae Geys 1980
†Gauthieria pseudoradiata Schluter 1883
†Gauthieria radiata Sorignet 1850
†Gauthieria radiata broecki Lambert 1897
†Gauthieria sanchezi Lambert 1921
†Gauthieria spatulifera Forbes 1850
†Gauthieria speciosa Clark 1801
G. Glyptocidaris Agassiz 1853
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Subg. †Glyptocidaris (Eoglyptocidaris) Nisiyama 1966
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†Glyptocidaris (Eoglyptocidaris) arctina Nisiyama 1966
Glyptocidaris crenularis Agassiz 1853
†Glyptocidaris crenularis stenozona Nisiyama 1966
G. †Glyptocyphus Pomel 1883
G. †Hemithylus
G. †Jacquiertia
G. †Lambertechinus
G. †Leptechinus
G. †Micropsis
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†Micropsis desori Leymerie and Cotteau 1856
†Micropsis lineatus Clark and Twitchell 1915
G. †Narindechinus
G. †Phymosoma Haime 1853
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†Phymosoma baylei Cotteay 1864
†Phymosoma binexilis White 1887
†Phymosoma corneti Cotteau 1874
†Phymosoma dixie Cooke 1941
†Phymosoma gehrdenense Schluter 1881
†Phymosoma gigantea Sanchez-Roig 1953
†Phymosoma hexoaporum Lambert 1927
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Invalid names: Phymosoma paronai Checchia-Rispoli 1933 [synonym]
†Phymosoma hilli Clark 1891
†Phymosoma maastrichtensis Engel 1972
†Phymosoma peloria Arnold and Clark 1927
†Phymosoma princeps von Hagenow 1840
Invalid names: Cyphosoma Agassiz 1838 [replaced]
G. †Pleurodiadema
G. †Plistophyma Peron and Gauthier 1881
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†Plistophyma asiaticum Cotteau and Gauthier 1895
†Plistophyma cubense Egozcue 1897
G. †Polyplacidia Poretskaya 1968
G. †Porosoma Cotteau 1856
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†Porosoma cribrum Agassiz 1840
†Porosoma fifei Wagner 1972
†Porosoma lamberti Checchia-Rispoli 1950
†Porosoma maeandrinum Schluter 1881
†Porosoma reesidei Cooke 1953
Invalid names: Coptosoma Desor 1855 [replaced], Microsoma Cotteau 1886 [synonym]
G. †Rachiosoma Pomel 1883
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†Rachiosoma corollare Leske 1778
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Invalid names: Cidarites granulosum Goldfuss 1826 [synonym], Echinites saxatilis Parkinson 1811 [synonym]
†Rachiosoma hondoensis Cooke 1953
†Rachiosoma mortoni de Loriol 1887
Invalid names: Pomelechinus Checchia-Rispoli 1946 [objective synonym]
G. †Thylechinus Pomel 1883
Invalid names: Phymosomatinae Pomel 1883 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004, Aberhan 1992 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Kimmeridgian to the top of the Gelasian or 152.21000 to 1.80000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 149.2 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 149.2 Ma
Collections (189 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kimmeridgian | Poland (Korytnica) | Phymosoma douviellei (157217) | |
| Kimmeridgian | Poland (Malogoszcz) | Phymosoma douvillei, Phymosoma supracorallinum (157213) | |
| Kimmeridgian | Poland (Czarnoglowy) | Phymosoma supracorallinum (157224) | |
| Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Germany | Phymosoma sp. (211294) | |
| Early/Lower Tithonian | France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) | Pleurodiadema stutzi (35262) | |
| Cretaceous | Cuba | Plistophyma cubense (91136) | |
| Cretaceous | USA (Texas) | Cyphosoma volanum, Micropsis lineatus (203429) | |
| Early/Lower Valanginian | Hungary | Phymosoma loryi (66031) | |
| Early/Lower Valanginian | Switzerland | Cyphosoma nobilis (2225) | |
| Valanginian | Portugal | Phymosoma debile (64952) | |
| Valanginian | Switzerland | Cyphosoma nobilis (2224) Porosoma sp. (2247) | |
| Hauterivian | Switzerland | Cyphosoma loryi (2256) Cyphosoma perroni (2205) | |
| Aptian | Hungary | Phymosoma loryi (66026) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | Brazil (Sergipe) | Phymosoma binexilis (87857) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | Brazil | Cyphosoma binexile (195791) Phymosoma binexilis (126861) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian - Late/Upper Albian | Spain | Phymosomatidae indet. (3832) | |
| Cenomanian | United Arab Emirates | Thylechinus sp. (3792) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | United Kingdom (England) | Glyptocyphus difficile (59711) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | France (Poitou-Charentes) | Phymosoma cenomanense (73863) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | United Kingdom | Glyptocyphus difficile (59682 59708) Glyptocyphus difficile, Glyptocyphus radiatus (59710) Glyptocyphus radiatus (59688) Glyptocyphus radiatus, Glyptocyphus difficile (59707) | |