PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Mecaster batnensis

Echinoidea - Spatangoida - Hemiasteridae

Taxonomy

Hemiaster batnensis was named by Coquand (1862). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Hemiaster (Mecaster) batnensis by Berndt (2003); it was recombined as Mecaster batnensis by Smith (1991), Manso and Andrade (2008), Musavu Moussavou et al. (2017) and Hook and Cobban (2017).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

Hemiaster newtoni, M. cenomanensis, M. grossouvrei, M. scutiger

Synonyms

Hemiaster jacksoni was named by Maury (1925). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Mecaster batnensis by Smith (1991) and Hook and Cobban (2017).
Hemiaster cedroensis was named by Maury (1936). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Mecaster batnensis by Smith (1991) and Hook and Cobban (2017).
Hemiaster delgadoi was named by de Loriol (1888).

It was synonymized subjectively with Mecaster batnensis by Smith (1991) and Hook and Cobban (2017).
Leiostomaster boesei was named by Smiser (1936).

It was synonymized subjectively with Hemiaster jacksoni by Cooke (1953).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1862	Hemiaster batnensis Coquand p. 284 figs. pl. 26, figs. 6-8
1888	Hemiaster delgadoi de Loriol
1925	Hemiaster jacksoni Maury pp. 518-520
1930	Hemiaster jacksoni Maury p. 518
1936	Hemiaster jacksoni Maury p. 278
1936	Hemiaster cedroensis Maury p. 280 figs. pl. 2, figs. 3, 7
1936	Leiostomaster boesei Smiser
1953	Hemiaster jacksoni Cooke p. 33 figs. Pl 12, figs 5-11
1991	Mecaster batnensis Smith p. 56 figs. Pl 12A-L; pl 13A-N; text-figs 45D-G,46,47,48A,49
2003	Hemiaster (Mecaster) batnensis Berndt p. 86
2008	Mecaster batnensis Manso and Andrade p. 322
2017	Mecaster batnensis Hook and Cobban p. 9 fig. 1,8
2017	Mecaster batnensis Musavu Moussavou et al. p. 289 fig. 4C,F,G

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
—	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata
subphylum	Eleutherozoa
—	Echinozoa	()
class	Echinoidea	()

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
superorder	Acroechinoidea	()
—	Carinacea
—	Irregularia	()
—	Atelostomata
order	Spatangoida
family	Hemiasteridae
genus	Mecaster
species	batnensis	(Coquand 1862)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Mecaster batnensis Coquand 1862

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Invalid names: Hemiaster cedroensis Maury 1936 [synonym], Hemiaster delgadoi de Loriol 1888 [synonym], Hemiaster jacksoni Maury 1925 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calciteo

Ontogeny:

accretion, addition of partsp

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

slow-movingo

Life habit:

shallow infaunalo

Diet:

deposit feedero

Diet 2:

detritivoreo

Vision:

limitedc

Dispersal:

watero

Dispersal 2:

planktonico

Created:

2004-02-28 12:18:10

Modified:

2009-10-08 16:32:56

Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Cenomanian to the top of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian or 99.60000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (91 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Jordan	Hemiaster batnensis (96246 96247)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	USA (New Mexico)	Hemiaster jacksoni (88813)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Brazil	Hemiaster jacksoni (140840) Mecaster batnensis (126842 126860 140980 141015 141022 175460)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Egypt	Hemiaster batnensis (114793 114795)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	USA (Arizona)	Hemiaster jacksoni (53486 53505 53923 53925 53931 54154 55630 55812 55814)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	USA (New Mexico)	Mecaster batnensis (175429 197663 197664 197665 197666 197667 197668 197669 197670 197671)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Egypt	Hemiaster batnensis (114792)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Brazil	Mecaster batnensis (141008 141009)
Early/Lower Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Brazil (Sergipe)	Hemiaster jacksoni, Hemiaster cedroensis (87858) Mecaster batnensis (142876 142878 142879 142881 143068 143101 143121 143126 143127)
Early/Lower Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Gabon	Mecaster batnensis (209536)
Early/Lower Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	USA (Texas)	Hemiaster jacksoni (78186 197701 197702 197703 197704)
Early/Lower Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Brazil	Hemiaster jacksoni (140888) Mecaster batnensis (126909 141030 195525 195526 195527 195529 195530 195532 195535 195536 195543 195544 195546 195547 195548 195549 195551 195574 195577 195578 195583 195623 195624 195683 195715 195716 195718 195719)
Early/Lower Turonian - Middle Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Brazil	Hemiaster jacksoni (140889)
Late/Upper Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Brazil	Hemiaster jacksoni (140890) Mecaster batnensis (90505)
Middle Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Brazil	Mecaster batnensis (144394)
Middle Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Brazil (Sergipe)	Mecaster batnensis (143167 143169 143177 143181 143186 143188)
Early/Lower Coniacian	89.3 - 85.8	Brazil	Hemiaster jacksoni (140901)
Maastrichtian - Late/Upper Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	Brazil (Paraíba)	Hemiaster jacksoni (88070)