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Parengonoceras
Taxonomy
Parengonoceras was named by Spath (1924) [Sepkoski's age data: K Albi-l K Albi-m]. Its type is Amaltheus ebrayi. It was considered polyphyletic by Bulot (2010).
It was assigned to Engonoceratidae by Benavides-Caceres (1956), Renz (1982), Wright et al. (1996), Kennedy et al. (1998); to Ammonoidea by Sepkoski (2002); and to Knemiceratidae by Bulot (2010), Latil and Jaillard (2023).
It was assigned to Engonoceratidae by Benavides-Caceres (1956), Renz (1982), Wright et al. (1996), Kennedy et al. (1998); to Ammonoidea by Sepkoski (2002); and to Knemiceratidae by Bulot (2010), Latil and Jaillard (2023).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1924 | Parengonoceras Spath p. 508 |
| 1956 | Parengonoceras Benavides-Caceres p. 444 |
| 1982 | Parengonoceras Renz p. 31 |
| 1996 | Parengonoceras Wright et al. p. 130 |
| 1998 | Parengonoceras Kennedy et al. p. 20 |
| 2002 | Parengonoceras Sepkoski |
| 2010 | Parengonoceras Bulot |
| 2023 | Parengonoceras Latil and Jaillard p. 21 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Parengonoceras Spath 1924
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†Parengonoceras algerianum Dubourdieu 1953
†Parengonoceras bussoni Collignon 1965
†Parengonoceras caneroti Canérot and Collignon 1983
†Parengonoceras champaraense Benavides-Caceres 1956
†Parengonoceras chottensis Latil and Jaillard 2023
†Parengonoceras duartei Etayo Serna 1979
†Parengonoceras ebrayi de Loriol 1882
†Parengonoceras guadaloupaeforme Sommermeier 1910
†Parengonoceras haasi Benavides-Caceres 1956
†Parengonoceras mahmoudi Dubourdieu 1953
†Parengonoceras pernodosum Sommermeier 1910
hide
Invalid names: Knemiceras tetranodosum Lisson 1925 [synonym]
†Parengonoceras roemeri Cragin 1893
hide
Invalid names: Knemiceras azlense Scott 1940 [synonym], Knemiceras nodosum Scott 1940 [synonym], Knemiceras trinitense Scott 1940 [synonym]
†Parengonoceras ziczag Breistroffer 1952
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | minimum | maximum | median | s.d. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| shell height | 19 | 42.4 | 20.0 | 82.0 | 38.0 | 19.6 | |
| shell diameter | 19 | 82.8 | 37.5 | 188.0 | 77.0 | 42.4 | |
| shell inflation | 19 | 10.4 | 4.20 | 42.0 | 10.5 | 9.52 |
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| Source: o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Kiessling 2003 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Albian to the top of the Late/Upper Albian or 113.20000 to 100.50000 Ma
Collections (25 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Albian | Tunisia | P. bussoni (232807 232809 232810 232811 232812 232813 232814) P. chottensis (232796) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | United Kingdom (England) | P. ebrayi (1783) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | Venezuela | P. sp. (87940) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | Peru (Cajamarca) | P. pernodosum, P. haasi, P. tetranodosum (88170) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | USA (Texas) | Knemiceras azlense, Knemiceras nodosum, Knemiceras trinitense (53020) P. roemeri (82421) | |
| Albian | Peru (Cajamarca) | P. guadaloupaeforme (56988) P. pernodosum (56910) P. sp. (56984 56989) | |
| Middle Albian | Peru | P. champaraense (88190) P. pernodosum (88175) | |
| Middle Albian | Venezuela | P. pernodosum (87960) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | Spain | P. caneroti (66129) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | Venezuela (Lara) | P. discoides, P. duplicatum, P. barbacoense (87953) P. elegans (87951) P. elegans, P. duplicatum (87954) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | North Atlantic | P. sp. (74359) |