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Carolia

Bivalvia - Pectinida - Anomiidae

Taxonomy
Carolia was named by Cantraine (1838) [Sepkoski's age data: T Than T Eo-u Sepkoski's reference number: 705,914].

It was assigned to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Anomiidae by Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Todd (2001), Devries (2019) and Moneer et al. (2024).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1838Carolia Cantraine p. 111
1977Carolia Adegoke p. 235
1980Carolia Vokes p. 59
2001Carolia Todd
2002Carolia Sepkoski
2019Carolia Devries p. 15
2024Carolia Moneer et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
RankNameAuthor
—OstreomorphiFerussac 1822
—OstreioniFerussac 1822
—OstreataFerussac 1822
superorderOstreiformiiFerussac 1822
orderPectinida(Gray 1854)
suborderAnomiidinaGray 1854
—AnomioideiGray 1854
—AnomioiteiGray 1854
superfamilyAnomioideaRafinesque 1815
familyAnomiidaeRafinesque 1815
genusCaroliaCantraine 1838

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Carolia Cantraine 1838
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Subg. †Carolia (Carolia) Cantraine 1838
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†Carolia freneixi Adegoke 1977
†Carolia placunoides Cantraine 1838
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitef
Composition 2: aragonitef
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: stationaryg
Attached: yesg
Epibiont: yesg
Life habit: epifaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: EP, IM, CE, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-09-09 13:28:15
Modified: 2009-09-09 15:28:15
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Selandian to the top of the Burdigalian or 61.60000 to 15.97000 Ma

Collections (60 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Selandian61.6 - 59.2Nigeria C. freneixi (7791)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3Peru C. parinasensis (219132 219133)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Libya (Ajdabiya) C. cymbalea, C. placunoides (42129)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Jamaica C. sp. (5241)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Egypt C. placunoides (41905 41913)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Senegal C. placunoides (40798 209396 209406 209407 209408)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Libya C. cymbalea (42125) C. sp. (42138)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Egypt C. placunoides (41915 41916 41917 42052 42056) C. planucoides (42050) C. sp. (42058 79674)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Peru (Piura) C. peruviana (88362)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Netherlands Antilles (Curacao) C. sp. (60090)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Libya C. cymbalea, C. placunoides (42134)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Egypt (Fayum) C. placunoides (235099) C. sp. (74740)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Egypt C. placunoides (79700 184741 184742 184743 184744 184745 184746 234882 234883 234888 234889) C. sp. (47947 49919 49924 86659)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Libya C. lefevreli, C. cymabla, C. placunoides (77237) C. placunoides (42144)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Colombia C. sp. (42788 42789)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Haiti C. sp. (60603)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Egypt C. foraminifera (184749) C. placunoides (40516 184747 184748 184750 184751 184752 184753)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97USA (South Carolina) C. floridana (92430)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97USA (Florida) C. floridana (79775)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Florida) C. floridana (42418 42423 42424)