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Torvoneustes carpenteri
Taxonomy
Dakosaurus carpenteri was named by Wilkinson et al. (2008). Its type specimen is BRSMG Ce17365, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Westbury claypit (Lafarge cement works) E5, which is in a Kimmeridgian marine claystone in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of the United Kingdom.
It was recombined as Geosaurus carpenteri by Young et al. (2010); it was recombined as Torvoneustes carpenteri by Andrade et al. (2010), Bronzati et al. (2012), Young et al. (2013), Young et al. (2013), Parrilla-Bel and Canudo (2015).
It was recombined as Geosaurus carpenteri by Young et al. (2010); it was recombined as Torvoneustes carpenteri by Andrade et al. (2010), Bronzati et al. (2012), Young et al. (2013), Young et al. (2013), Parrilla-Bel and Canudo (2015).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2008 | Dakosaurus carpenteri Wilkinson et al. pp. 1309-1317 figs. 2-10 |
| 2010 | Torvoneustes carpenteri Andrade et al. |
| 2010 | Geosaurus carpenteri Young et al. p. 856 |
| 2012 | Torvoneustes carpenteri Bronzati et al. |
| 2013 | Torvoneustes carpenteri Young et al. fig. 26 |
| 2013 | Torvoneustes carpenteri Young et al. |
| 2015 | Torvoneustes carpenteri Parrilla-Bel and Canudo |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Torvoneustes carpenteri Wilkinson et al. 2008
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| L. E. Wilkinson et al. 2008 | "A metriorhynchid crocodilian distinguished from other species of Dakosaurus, and from Metriorhynchus, by four apomorphies: the supratemporal fossae are enlarged and project further forward than in other species; the teeth are somewhat smaller than those of other species of Dakosaurus, but larger than those of all species of Metriorhynchus; the cranium is robust and lacks ornamentation; and the prefrontal makes a greater angle with the long axis of the skull than in Dakosaurus (50 degrees), but less than in species of Metriorhynchus (60–70 degrees). Further, the new species has a similar number of teeth in each jaw ramus (estimated at 14) compared to D. maximus and D. andiniensis (12–16), but far fewer than in any species of Metriorhynchus (typically 22–29)." | |
| M. T. Young et al. 2013 | Metriorhynchid thalattosuchian distinguished from other species of Dakosaurus, Geosaurus and Metriorhynchus by the following combination of characters: the supratemporal fossae are enlarged and project further forward than in other species; teeth somewhat smaller than those of other species of Dakosaurus, but larger than those of all species of Metriorhynchus; robust cranium, lacking ornamentation; prefrontal makes a greater angle with the long axis of the skull than in Dakosaurus (50◦), but less than in species of Metriorhynchus (60–70◦); number of teeth in each jaw ramus estimated at 14, similar to D. maximus and D. andiniensis (12–16), and far fewer than in any species of Metriorhynchus (typically 22–29) (modified from Wilkinson et al. 2008); acute angle formed by the lateral and medial processes of the frontal; small preorbital fenestra present (not homologous to the archosaurian antorbital fenestrae, see Fernandez & Herrera 2009), enclosed within an oblique preorbital fossa; lacrimal-prefrontal fossa present (modified from Young & Andrade 2009); teeth large, robust, mostly conical, but with little mediolateral compression; intensely ornamented crowns, and carinae formed by a keel with false-serrations (i.e. created by conspicuous superficial ornamentation of the enamel; false-ziphodont) and true denticles; anteromedial process of the frontal triangular, projecting anteriorly, reaching the same relative position as the anterior border of the orbit; mandibular symphysis longer than wide, terminating prior to the preorbital fossa (modified from Andrade et al. 2010). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: Late/Upper Kimmeridgian or 152.21000 to 149.20000 Ma
Collections: one only
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | United Kingdom (England) | Dakosaurus carpenteri (type locality: 100263) |