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Bythitoidei

Osteichthyes - Ophidiiformes

Taxonomy
Bythitoidei is a suborder. It is extant.

It was assigned to Ophidiiformes by Betancur et al. (2013), van der Laan (2019), Schwarzhans and Nielsen (2021).

Subtaxa
Bythitidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2013Bythitoidei Betancur et al.
2019Bythitoidei van der Laan p. 75
2021Bythitoidei Schwarzhans and Nielsen p. 37

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassActinopterygii()
RankNameAuthor
infraclassActinopteri()
—Teleosteomorpha
—Acanthopterygii
—Percomorphaceae
—Ophidiaria
orderOphidiiformesBerg 1937
suborderBythitoidei
suborderBythitoidei

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Fm. Bythitidae Gill 1861
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G. Bellotia Harvey 1855
+
Bellotia apoda Giglioli 1883
Subfm. Brosmophycinae Gill 1862
+
G. †Bidenichthys Barnard 1934
+
†Bidenichthys struthersi Schwarzhans 2019
G. †Kalabisia Přikryl and Carnevale 2018
+
†Kalabisia krumvirensis Přikryl and Carnevale 2018
G. †Brosmophyciops Schultz 1960
+
†Brosmophyciops tongarewae Schwarzhans 2019
G. †Brosmophycis Gill 1861
+
†Brosmophycis regularis Priem 1911
G. †Bythitidarum Gill 1861
+
†Bythitidarum moelleri Schwarzhans 2007
†Bythitidarum rasmussenae Schwarzhans 2003
Subfm. Bythitinae Gill 1861
+
G. Oligopus Risso 1810
+
†Oligopus bassolii Nolf 1980
G. Saccogaster Alcock 1889
+
†Saccogaster batanga Schwarzhans 2013
†Saccogaster citreus Schwarzhans 1980
†Saccogaster parengarenga Schwarzhans 2019
†Saccogaster torpidus Schwarzhans 1985
Subfm. Dinematichthyinae Whitley 1928
+
G. †Aotearichthys Schwarzhans et al. 2017
+
†Aotearichthys vestalis Schwarzhans et al. 2017
G. Dermatopsis Ogilby 1896
+
†Dermatopsis chalossiana Nolf and Steurbaut 2002
Dermatopsis joergennielseni Møller and Schwarzhans 2006
G. Dipulus Waite 1905
+
Dipulus certus Schwarzhans 2019
G. Ogilbia Jordan and Evermann 1898
+
†Ogilbia dispar Koken 1891
†Ogilbia kokeni Priem 1906
†Ogilbia luzanensis Schwarzhans and Bratischko 2011
G. †Otarionichthys Gaemers 1984
+
G. †Dinematichthys Bleeker 1865
+
†Dinematichthys argutus Casier 1966
†Dinematichthys midwayensis Nolf and Dockery 1993
G. Diplacanthopoma Guenther 1887
G. Grammonus Gill 1896
+
Grammonus ater Risso 1810
G. †Propteridium Arambourg 1967
+
†Propteridium profondae Ciobanu 1977
G. Pseudonus Garman 1899
+
†Pseudonus humilis Schwarzhans and Nielsen 2021
G. Timorichthys Nielsen and Schwarzhans 2011
Invalid names: Aphyoninae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Diet 2: parasiteo
Created: 2009-07-20 21:30:52
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:30:52
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Danian to the top of the Holocene or 66.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.66 Ma

Collections (79 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Danian66.0 - 61.66Greenland Bidenichthys lapierrei (22943)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24Denmark Bidenichthys lapierrei (159792 159793 159794)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24USA (Alabama) Dinematichthys midwayensis (87817)
Selandian - Thanetian61.66 - 56.0Ukraine Ogilbia luzanensis, Bythitidarum rozenbergi (159509)
Early/Lower Eocene56.0 - 48.07United Kingdom (England) Dermatopsis argutus (3262)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene56.0 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Brosmophycis elegans (3257 3258)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9France Brosmophycis regularis, Ogilbia kokeni (220174)
Mangaorapan52.0 - 48.9New Zealand (South Island) Brosmophyciops tongarewae (219499)
Mangaorapan - Heretaungan52.0 - 45.7New Zealand (South Island) Brosmophyciops tongarewae, Dipulus certus (219501)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03France Grammonus argutus, Grammonus pseudocuminatus (188957 188958 188960) Grammonus pseudoacuminatus (188961) Grammonus pseudocuminatus (188959)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03United Kingdom (England) Brosmophycis elegans (41994 41998) Ogilbia subregularis (41992 41996)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Germany (Lower Saxony,) Bythitidarum moelleri (188954)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Brosmophycis elegans (3265)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Indonesia (Java) Dinematichthyini indet. (202252)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9France Uranoscopus pseudoacuminatus (222677)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Australia (South Australia) Bythitinarum sp. (219150 219166) Saccogaster torpidus (100232)
Runangan36.7 - 34.6New Zealand Bythidae indet. (219493)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3France (Parguie de Couston) Dermatopsis chalossiana (220510)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3Romania Propteridium profondae (187379)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3Czechia Propteridium profondae (219095)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3Belgium Otarionichthys occultus (188930)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3Germany Bidenichthys sp. (95898)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04Australia (South Australia) Bythitinarum sp. (219157)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04France Oligopus pseudoaocuminatus (152695) Oligopus sp. (219194)
Chattian - Aquitanian27.3 - 20.45Czechia Kalabisia krumvirensis (219098)
Waitakian25.2 - 21.7New Zealand (South Island) Aotearichthys vestalis (219620)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Chile Pseudonus humilis (46982 241736)
Otaian21.7 - 18.7New Zealand (North Island) Saccogaster parengarenga (219517)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98France Oligopus sp. (219196)
Altonian18.7 - 15.9New Zealand (South Island) Bidenichthys struthersi (219622 219744)
Altonian18.7 - 15.9New Zealand (North Shore) Bidenichthys struthersi (219526) Saccogaster parengarenga (219523 219524 219525)
Clifdenian15.9 - 15.1New Zealand (South Island) Saccogaster parengarenga (219274)
Serravallian - Tortonian13.82 - 7.246Gabon Saccogaster batanga (219366)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Greece (Crete) Grammonus bassolii (207584 207587 207590)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Italy Bythitidae indet. (187503) Bythitidae indet., Grammonus bassolii (78437) Grammonus bassolii (70491 187507) Grammonus bassolii, Oligopus bassolii (178120)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy Grammonus sp. (220504 220507)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Piedmont) Grammonus sp. (172914 220503)
Opoitian5.333 - 3.7New Zealand Saccogaster citreus (219270)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Greece (Peloponnese) Grammonus bassoli (207769)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Greece (Crete) Grammonus ater (207357 207359)
Mangapanian - Nukumaruan3.0 - 1.63New Zealand Timorichthys citreus (219631)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Greece (Rhodes) Grammonus ater (207580)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Greece (Zakynthos) Bellotia apoda (207576)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Greece (Rhodes) Grammonus ater (207569 207571)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene2.58 - 0.129Italy Bellotia apoda (159455 159823) Grammonus ater, Bellotia apoda (159378)
Nukumaruan2.4 - 1.63New Zealand (North Island) Dermatopsis joergennielseni (219635) Diplacanthopoma sp. (219637)
Ionian0.774 - 0.129Greece (Rhodes) Grammonus ater (207568)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Louisiana) Oligopus sp. (161932)