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Parastrophina

Rhynchonellata - Pentamerida - Parastrophinidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1893Parastrophia Hall and Clarke p. 221
1929Parastrophina Schuchert and LeVene p. 121
1974Parastrophina Wright
1977Parastrophina Mitchell
2000Parastrophina Popov et al.
2002Parastrophina Sepkoski
2002Parastrophina Williams et al. p. 955
2005Parastrophina Popov et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderPentameridaSchuchert and Cooper 1931
suborderSyntrophiidinaUlrich and Cooper 1936
superfamilyCamerelloideaHall and Clarke 1894
familyParastrophinidaeUlrich and Cooper 1938
genusParastrophina

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Parastrophina Schuchert and LeVene 1929
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†Parastrophina anceps Reed 1944
†Parastrophina angulosa Törnquist 1867
†Parastrophina bilobata Cooper 1956
†Parastrophina dura Oraspold 1956
†Parastrophina iliana Popov et al. 2002
†Parastrophina lindstromi Wright 1974
†Parastrophina minor Roy 1941
†Parastrophina pentagonalis Nikiforova 1989
†Parastrophina plena Sapelnikov and Rukavishnikova 1975
†Parastrophina portentosa Nikitin et al. 1996
†Parastrophina scotica Davidson 1883
Invalid names: Parastrophia Hall and Clarke 1893 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 1.0 to < 10g
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10g
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10g
Folds: noneg
Ribbing: minorg
Spines: noneg
Internal reinforcement: noneg
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Comments: BODY SIZE: Data from Williams et al (2002).g
Created: 2009-06-04 12:10:02
Modified: 2009-06-04 14:10:02
Source: g = genus, o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Hendy 2009, Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Llandeilo to the top of the Ludlow or 461.10000 to 423.00000 Ma

Collections (86 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ordovician485.4 - 443.8USA (New York) P. sp. (332)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (New York) P. sp. (333)
Chazyan470.0 - 457.3USA (Alabama) P. bilobata (162364)
Whiterockian470.0 - 457.3USA (Nevada) P. sp. (104278)
Llanvirn468.0 - 458.4China (GanSu) Parastrophia sp. (8563)
Darriwilian467.3 - 458.4Russian Federation (Siberia) P. bilobata (205561)
Llandeilo461.1 - 458.4United Kingdom (Scotland) P. anceps (164928) P. sp. (164937)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian458.4 - 454.0Norway (Oslo) P. sp. (3252)
Sandbian458.4 - 453.0Kazakhstan P. plena (80180 80208)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Canada (Ontario) P. hemiplicata (26276)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Kazakhstan P. iliana (80181 80217 80218 80222) P. iliana, P. plena (80210 80212 80214 80215) P. plena (80207 80209 80211 80213) P. sp. (116308)
Late/Upper Ordovician458.4 - 443.8Canada (Nunavut) P. sp. (101981)
Turinian457.3 - 453.8Canada (Ontario) P. hemiplicata (26191)
Turinian457.3 - 453.8USA (Virginia) P. sp. (76338)
Turinian457.3 - 453.8Canada (British Columbia) P. sp. (192198)
Blackriveran457.3 - 449.6USA (Pennsylvania) P. rotundiformis (162391)
Kirkfieldian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) P. rotundiformis (23797)
Rocklandian457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) P. hemiplicata (219962)
Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) P. rotundiformis (23796)
Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian457.3 - 449.6United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) P. sp. (89157)
Rocklandian - Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) P. rotundiformis (23277)
Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Parastrophia bernensis (23803) P. bernensis (23799 23800 23801 23802 23804 23805 23806)
Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) Parastrophia bernensis (23279) P. bernensis (23278)
Chatfieldian453.8 - 451.0Canada (Ontario) P. hemiplicata (26269 26270 26277)
Chatfieldian453.8 - 451.0USA (Virginia) P. sp. 1, P. hemiplicata (105205)
Chatfieldian - Edenian453.8 - 450.2Canada (Nunavut) Parastrophinella minor (24116)
Chatfieldian - Maysvillian453.8 - 449.6Canada (Northwest Territories) Parastrophinella hemiplicata (188774)
Chatfieldian - Maysvillian453.8 - 449.6Canada (Nunavut) P. minor (192776)
Oandu453.0 - 451.8Estonia Camerella dura (163470)
Oandu453.0 - 451.8Estonia (Lääne-Viru) Camerella dura (166043 174342) P. dura (161217)
Oandu453.0 - 451.8Russian Federation P. dura (169224)
Oandu453.0 - 451.8Lithuania P. dura (192437 192438)
Katian453.0 - 445.2Kazakhstan P. plena, P. sp., Parastrophinella sp. (80173)
Eastonian452.7 - 449.5Australia (New South Wales) P. sp. (2699 2751 166844)
Cheneyan452.5 - 451.3United Kingdom (Scotland) P. balclatchiensis (164412)
Edenian451.0 - 450.2USA (Minnesota) Parastrophia bernensis (23280)
Edenian451.0 - 450.2USA (Illinois, Iowa) P. bernensis (23807)
Edenian - Maysvillian451.0 - 449.6Canada (Nunavut) Parastrophinella minor (24120)
Edenian - Maysvillian451.0 - 449.6Canada (Ontario) Parastrophia trentonensis, P. hemiplicata (26294) P. hemiplicata (26293)
Pirgu449.5 - 445.2Russian Federation (Pskov Oblast) P. sp. (163485)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Québec) P. sp. (28126 28137)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Russian Federation (Taimyr) P. pentagonalis (37638)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) P. sp. (11703)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Norway (Trondheim) P. sp. (55724)
Pirgu - Hirnantian449.5 - 443.4Sweden (Dalarne) P. angulosa, P. lindstroemi (73408)
Cautleyan449.2 - 448.8Kazakhstan (Central) P. sp. (52737)
Cautleyan - Rawtheyan449.2 - 445.2United Kingdom (Wales) P. sp. (8291)
Rawtheyan448.8 - 445.2United Kingdom (England) P. sp. (3667)
Rawtheyan - Hirnantian448.8 - 443.4Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.) P. sp. (365)
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.4Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.) P. sp. (441)
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.4Canada (Yukon) P. minor (234053)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8Kazakhstan (South Central) P. sp. (151931)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Russian Federation P. turjensis (23772 24749)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Russian Federation P. turjensis (24691)