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Echinocardium orthonotum

Echinoidea - Spatangoida - Loveniidae

Taxonomy
Spatangus orthonotus was named by Conrad (1843). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Amphidetus orthonotus by Tuomey and Holmes (1855); it was recombined as Echinocardium orthonotus by Clark (1904); it was recombined as Echinocardium orthonotum by Clark and Twitchell (1915), Kier (1972).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
E. depressum

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1843Spatangus orthonotus Conrad p. 327
1845Amphidetus virginianus Forbes p. 425
1848Amphidetus gothicus Ravenel p. 4 figs. figs. 1, 2
1855Amphidetus ampliforus McCrady p. 6
1855Amphidetus orthonotus Tuomey and Holmes figs. pl. 2, figs. 1-1c
1858Echinocardium virginianum Desor p. 408
1904Echinocardium orthonotus Clark p. 430
1912Echinocardium ampliforus Stefanini p. 707
1912Echinocardium gothicum Stefanini p. 707
1915Echinocardium orthonotum Clark and Twitchell p. 213
1915Echinocardium gothicus Clark and Twitchell p. 214
1942Echinocardium gothicum Cooke p. 60
1972Echinocardium orthonotum Kier p. 13

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumEleutherozoa
—Echinozoa()
classEchinoidea()
subclassEuechinoideaBronn 1860
RankNameAuthor
superorderAcroechinoidea()
—Carinacea
—Irregularia()
—Atelostomata
orderSpatangoida
suborderBrissidina
superfamilySpatangidea
familyLoveniidae
genusEchinocardiumGray 1825
speciesorthonotum(Conrad 1843)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Echinocardium orthonotum Conrad 1843
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Invalid names: Echinocardium ampliforus McCrady 1855 [synonym], Echinocardium gothicum Ravenel 1848 [synonym], Echinocardium virginianum Forbes 1845 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calciteo
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: slow-movingo
Life habit: shallow infaunalo
Diet: deposit feedero
Diet 2: detritivoreo
Vision: limitedc
Dispersal: watero
Dispersal 2: planktonico
Created: 2004-02-28 12:18:10
Modified: 2009-10-08 16:32:56
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Pliocene to the top of the Early/Lower Pleistocene or 5.33300 to 0.77400 Ma

Collections (14 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum, Echinocardium gothicum (35026)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (South Carolina) Echinocardium orthonotum (60940)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (Virginia) Echinocardium orthonotum (155878 155883 155886 155887 155888 155889 155890 155891 155892)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.58USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum (35027)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum (35029)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774USA (South Carolina) Echinocardium gothicus (92411)