PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Zygospira lebanonensis

Rhynchonellata - Atrypida - Anazygidae

Taxonomy

Zygospira lebanonensis was named by Cooper (1956) [= Zygospira saffordi Winchell and Schuchert, HALL and CLARKE, Pal. New York, vol. 8, pt. 2, pl. 83, figs. 36-38, 1893.]. Its type specimen is USNM 111377a, a valve (brachial valve), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Shelbyville, which is in a Blackriveran shallow subtidal carbonate/mudstone in the Lebanon Limestone Formation of Tennessee.

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

Z. carinata, Z. cincinnatiensis, Z. circularis, Z. plinthii

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1956	Zygospira lebanonensis Cooper pp. 671 - 672 figs. Plate 142, C, figures 11-15

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Atrypida	Rzhonsnitskaya 1960
suborder	Anazygidina	Copper 1996
superfamily	Anazygoidea	Davidson 1883
family	Anazygidae	Davidson 1883
subfamily	Anazyginae	Davidson 1883
genus	Zygospira
species	lebanonensis

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Zygospira lebanonensis Cooper 1956

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Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
G. A. Cooper 1956	Shell of about usual size for the genus, subcircular to subpentagonal in outline; length and width about equal; posterior margins straight forming an obtuse angle of II0° with the beak; sides rounded; front margin somewhat truncated to gently rounded. Surface costate, costae numbering I8 to 23 with 5 occupying the sulcus and 4 on the fold. Pedicle valve moderately and evenly curved in lateral profile with the greatest curvature at about the middle; umbo somewhat carinated; fold strong, extending from the umbo to the front margin, formed of 4 costae about the same level and 2 additional ones on the slope of the fold; flanks moderately concave and with steep slopes to the margins. Beak suberect. Brachial valve slightly less deep than the pedicle valve, moderately and evenly convex in lateral profile with the greatest convexity at about the center; sulcus originating just anterior to the umbo which is slightly convex, deepening and widening anteriorly where it occupies a little more than half the valve width. The 3 inner costae of the sulcus are depressed below the outer 2, which in turn are slightly depressed below the costae forming the margin of the sulcus. Flanks slightly convex and with moderate slopes to the margins.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10g

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10g

Folds:

minorg

Ribbing:

majorg

Spines:

noneg

Internal reinforcement:

noneg

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationaryg

Attached:

yesg

Epibiont:

yesg

Life habit:

epifaunalg

Diet:

suspension feederg

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2009-06-02 14:08:57

Modified:

2009-07-20 15:29:41

Source: g = genus, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Mohawkian to the top of the Caradoc or 457.30000 to 449.50000 Ma

Collections (74 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Caradoc	458.2 - 449.5	USA (Virginia)	Zygospira lebanonensis (85661 85662 85663 85666 85675 85676 85677 85678 85679 85680 85681 85682 85683 85684 85685 85686 85687 85688 85689 85690 85694 85700 85708 85709 85710 85711 85712 85713 85714 85715 85716 85717 85718 85719 85720 85721 85722 85723 85724 85726)
Mohawkian	457.3 - 451.0	USA (Virginia)	Zygospira lebanonensis (85578 85579 85589 85591 85595 85596 85599 85600 85603 85605 85606 85607 85608 85609 85610 85611 85612 85613 85614 85615 85617 85618 85619 85620 85621 85622 85624)
Mohawkian	457.3 - 451.0	USA (Kentucky)	Zygospira lebanonensis (85817)
Blackriveran	457.3 - 449.6	USA (Tennessee)	Zygospira lebanonensis (type locality: 165268)
Blackriveran - Rocklandian	457.3 - 449.6	USA (Illinois, Iowa)	Zygospira lebanonensis (23795)
Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian	457.3 - 449.6	USA (Illinois, Iowa)	Zygospira lebanonensis (23796)
Rocklandian - Shermanian	457.3 - 449.6	USA (Minnesota)	Zygospira lebanonensis (23277 23290)
Richmondian	449.6 - 445.5	USA (Idaho)	Zygospira lebanonensis (183358)