PBDB Taxon

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Hexacrinites

Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Hexacrinitidae

Taxonomy

Hexacrinites was named by Austin and Austin (1843) [Sepkoski's age data: S Ludl C Tour-l]. It is not extant.

It was assigned to Hexacrinitidae by Philip (1961); and to Monobathrida by Sepkoski (2002).

Species

H. pinnulata, Hexacrinus perdubius

Species lacking formal opinion data

H. adaensis, H. antares, H. argutus, H. ariel, H. biconcavus, H. brownlawi, H. carinatus, H. cauliculatus, H. chirnsidensis, H. dentatus, H. humilicarinatus, H. interscapularis, H. kartzevae, H. karzevae, H. maximus, H. mississippiensis, H. nodifer, H. pateraeformis, H. pateraeformis, H. rigel, H. spinosus, H. tenicrenulatus, H. torulosus, H. trangxaensis, H. tuberosus

Synonyms

Hexacrinus perdubius was named by de Gregorio (1930). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sosio Limestone near Palazzo Adriano (de Gregorio coll), which is in a Wordian carbonate limestone in Italy.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Branson (1948).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1843	Hexacrinites Austin and Austin p. 48
1930	Hexacrinus perdubius de Gregorio p. 41 figs. Pl 15, figs 20,21
1961	Hexacrinites Philip
2002	Hexacrinites Sepkoski

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
—	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata
subphylum	Blastozoa
class	Crinoidea	Miller 1821

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Camerata	Wachsmuth and Springer 1885
infraclass	Eucamerata	Cole 2017
order	Monobathrida	Moore and Laudon 1943
suborder	Compsocrinina	Ubaghs 1978
superfamily	Hexacrinitacea	Wachsmuth and Springer 1885
family	Hexacrinitidae	(Wachsmuth and Springer 1885)
genus	Hexacrinites	Austin and Austin 1843

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Hexacrinites Austin and Austin 1843

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†Hexacrinites pinnulata Waters et al. 2003

Invalid names: Hexacrinus perdubius de Gregorio 1930 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calcitec

Ontogeny:

accretion, addition of partsp

Environment:

marinep

Locomotion:

stationaryo

Attached:

yeso

Life habit:

upper-level epifaunalo

Diet:

suspension feedero

Vision:

blindc

Dispersal:

waterp

Dispersal 2:

planktonicp

Created:

2004-02-28 17:13:32

Modified:

2009-10-09 13:32:16

Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Aberhan 1992, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Ludfordian to the top of the Wordian or 425.00000 to 264.28000 Ma

Collections (40 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Silurian	443.1 - 419.62	USA (Oklahoma)	H. sp. (528)
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	USA (Oklahoma)	H. carinatus, H. adaensis (26823)
Ludfordian - Pridoli	425.0 - 419.62	USA (Oklahoma)	H. carinatus (26824)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	USA (Tennessee)	H. sp. (26772)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	Australia (Victoria)	H. chirnsidensis (39128)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	Vietnam	H. humilicarinatus (83324)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	Czechia	H. ariel (94439 94441 94444)
Pragian	413.02 - 410.62	Czechia	H. antares (14134) H. rigel (14136)
Pragian	413.02 - 410.62	Vietnam	H. biconcavus, H. torulosus, H. humilicarinatus, H. trangxaensis (83248) H. humilicarinatus, H. tuberosus (83326)
Siegen	413.02 - 410.62	Australia (Victoria)	H. sp. (56699)
Pragian - Emsian	413.02 - 393.47	Tajikistan	H. karzevae (45830) H. sp. (45831)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	Czechia	H. antares, H. ariel, H. rigel (14137)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	Tajikistan	H. argutus (45841)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	New Zealand	H. sp. (40527)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	France (Alsace)	H. tenicrenulatus, H. maximus (40505)
Emsian - Givetian	410.62 - 382.31	Australia (Queensland)	H. interscapularis, H. spinosus (40023)
Late/Upper Emsian	399.5 - 393.47	Tajikistan	H. sp. (45825 45838 45842)
Eifelian	393.47 - 387.95	Vietnam	H. humilicarinatus (83321)
Eifelian	393.47 - 387.95	Mongolia	H. cauliculatus, H. karzevae (79716)
Eifelian	393.47 - 387.95	Australia (Queensland)	H. interscapularis (40022)
Late/Upper Eifelian	390.5 - 387.95	Germany	H. sp. (60140)
Early/Lower Givetian	387.95 - 385.9	Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate)	H. nodifer (235975)
Givetian	387.95 - 382.31	Germany	H. pateraeformis (144259 144264 144266)
Late/Upper Givetian	383.4 - 382.31	Russian Federation (Orenburgskaya Oblast)	H. kartzevae, H. humilicarinatus (83914)
Late/Upper Frasnian	375.2 - 372.15	Australia (Western Australia)	H. brownlawi (38996)
Famennian	372.15 - 358.86	Tajikistan	H. sp. (184358)
Famennian	372.15 - 358.86	China (Xinjiang)	H. pinnulata (123199) H. sp. (3564)
Late/Upper Famennian	365.2 - 358.86	United Kingdom (England)	H. sp. B (242159)
Kinderhookian	358.86 - 351.9	USA (Illinois)	H. mississippiensis (5749)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Italy	Hexacrinus perdubius (233340)