PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Dikarya

Taxonomy

Dikarya was named by Hibbett et al. (2007). It is extant.

It was assigned to Fungi by Ruggiero et al. (2015), Smith (2016) and Tedersoo et al. (2018).

Subtaxa

Ascomycota (syn. Coelomycetes), Basidiomycota, Entorrhizomycota, Tortotubus

Synonyms

Neomycota is an unranked clade. It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Dikarya by Ruggiero et al. (2015).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
2007	Dikarya Hibbett et al.
2015	Dikarya Ruggiero et al. p. 27
2016	Dikarya Smith
2018	Dikarya Tedersoo et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Fungi	Jahn and Jahn 1959
subkingdom	Dikarya	Hibbett et al. 2007

Rank	Name	Author
subkingdom	Dikarya	Hibbett et al. 2007

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Dikarya Hibbett et al. 2007

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Ph. Ascomycota Whittaker 1959

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Or. Capnodiales Woronichin 1925

Fm. Metacapnodiaceae Hughes and Corlett 1972

G. Metacapnodium Spegazzini 1918

Or. Hysteriales

Fm. Graphidiaceae

G. Opegrapha Acharius 1809

†Opegrapha antiqua Lesquereux 1872

Or. Laboulbiliales

Fm. Laboulbiliaceae

G. †Caenomyces Berry 1916

†Caenomyces annulata Berry 1916

†Caenomyces cassiae Berry 1916

†Caenomyces laurinea Berry 1916

†Caenomyces pestalozzites Berry 1916

†Caenomyces sapotae Berry 1916

Fm. †Micropeltaceae

G. †Dictyotopileos Dilcher 1965

†Dictyotopileos yalensis Dilcher 1965

G. †Plochmopeltinites Cookson 1947

†Plochmopeltinites masoni Cookson 1947

G. †Shortensis Dilcher 1965

†Shortensis memorabilis Dilcher 1965

G. †Mycogemma Zalessky 1915

†Mycogemma saccharomycoides Zalessky 1915

G. †Onakawanus Radforth 1958

†Onakawanus varitas Radforth 1958

G. †Palaeoleptosphaeria Barlinge and Paradkar 1982

†Palaeoleptosphaeria intertrappeana Barlinge and Paradkar 1982

Subph. Pezizomycotina Eriksson and Winka 1997

Cl. Collemopsidiomycetes Tedersoo et al. 2018

Invalid names: Collemopsidiales Pérez-Ortega et al. 2016 [empty]

Cl. Dothideomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997

Or. Asterinales Barr 1976

Fm. Asterinaceae

Or. Microthyriales Arnaud 1925

Fm. Microthyriaceae

Cl. Eurotiomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997

Fm. Trichocomaceae Fisch 1879

G. Aspergillus Micheli 1809

Cl. Laboulbeniomycetes Engler 1898

Or. Laboulbeniales Engler 1898

Fm. Laboulbeniaceae Winter 1886

Cl. Lecanoromycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997

Or. Lecanorales Nannfeldt 1932

Fm. Ramalinaceae Agardh 1821

Invalid names: Bacidiaceae Watson 1929 [empty]

Cl. Pezizomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997

Or. Pezizales Schröter 1897

Fm. Morchellaceae Reichenbach 1834

Cl. Sordariomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997

Subcl. Hypocreomycetidae Eriksson and Winka 1997

Or. Hypocreales Lindau 1897

Or. Meliolales

Fm. Meliolaceae

G. †Palaeosordaria Sahni and Rao 1943

†Palaeosordaria lagena Sahni and Rao 1943

Or. Xylariales Nannfeldt 1932

Fm. Xylariaceae Tulasne and Tulasne 1863

Invalid names: Arthoniomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997 [empty], Coniocybomycetes Prieto and Wedin 2013 [empty], Geoglossomycetes Wang et al. 2009 [empty], Leotiomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997 [empty], Lichinomycetes Reeb et al. 2004 [empty], Orbiliomycetes Eriksson and Baral 2003 [empty], Xylonomycetes Gazis and Chaverri 2012 [empty]

G. †Phacidiopsis Geyler 1887

G. †Protoascon Batra et al. 1964

†Protoascon missouriensis Batra et al. 1964

Cl. †Pyrenomycetae

G. †Erysiphites Meschinelli 1898

†Erysiphites protogaeus Schmalhausen 1898

G. †Eurotites Meschinelli 1892

†Eurotites elegans Goeppert and Menge 1853

G. †Laestadites Meschinelli 1892

†Laestadites nathorstii Meschinelli 1892

G. †Rosellinites Meschinelli 1892

†Rosellinites congregatus Beck 1887

Subph. Saccharomycotina Eriksson and Winka 1997

Invalid names: Saccharomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997 [empty]

Or. Sphaeriales

Fm. Sphaeriaceae

G. Didymosphaeria Fuckel 1870

†Didymosphaeria betheli Cockerell 1908

G. †Sphaerites Unger 1850

†Sphaerites alabamensis Berry 1919

†Sphaerites claibornensis Berry 1914

†Sphaerites lesquereuxi Meschinelli 1892

†Sphaerites myricae Lesquereux 1872

†Sphaerites problematicus Knowlton 1891

†Sphaerites punctiformis Unger 1850

†Sphaerites raritanensis Berry 1910

Subph. Taphrinomycotina Eriksson and Winka 1997

Invalid names: Archaeorhizomycetes Rosling and James 2011 [empty], Neolectomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997 [empty], Pneumocystidomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997 [empty], Schizosaccharomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997 [empty], Taphrinomycetes Eriksson and Winka 1997 [empty]

Invalid names: Coelomycetes [synonym]

Ph. Basidiomycota Whittaker 1980

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Subph. Agaricomycotina

Cl. Agaricomycetes Doweld 2001

Or. Agaricales Underwood 1899 [gilled mushroom]

Fm. Agaricaceae Chevallier 1826

Invalid names: Coprinaceae [synonym]

G. †Aureofungus Hibbett et al. 2003

G. †Gerontomyces Poinar 2016

G. †Gondwanagaricites Heads et al. 2017

Subor. Marasmiineae Aime et al. 2015

G. †Palaeoagaracites Poinar and Buckley 2007

Fm. Tricholomataceae Heim ex Pouzar 1983

Invalid names: Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner 1980 [empty]

Or. Boletales Gilbert 1931

Subor. Sclerodermatineae Binder and Bresinsky 2002

Or. Polyporales Gaum 1926

Fm. Ganodermataceae Donk 1948

Fm. Polyporaceae

Invalid names: Dacrymycetes Doweld 2001 [empty], Tremellomycetes Doweld 2001 [empty]

G. †Graphiolites Fritel 1910

†Graphiolites sabaleos Fritel 1910

Or. Lycoperdiales

Fm. Lycoperdiaceae

G. Geaster Micheli 1772

†Geaster florissantensis Cockerell 1908

Fm. Nidulariaceae Dumortier 1822

G. Cyathus Haller 1768

†Cyathus dominicanus Poinar 2022

G. Nidula White 1902

†Nidula baltica Poinar 2022

Subph. Pucciniomycotina Bauer et al. 2006

Invalid names: Agaricostilbomycetes Bauer et al. 2006 [empty], Atractiellomycetes Bauer et al. 2006 [empty], Classiculomycetes Bauer et al. 2006 [empty], Cryptomycocolacomycetes Bauer et al. 2006 [empty], Cystobasidiomycetes Bauer et al. 2006 [empty], Microbotryomycetes Bauer et al. 2006 [empty], Pucciniomycetes Bauer et al. 2006 [empty], Spiculogloeomycetes Wang et al. 2015 [empty], Tritirachiomycetes Aime and Schell 2011 [empty]

Subph. Ustilaginomycotina Bauer et al. 2006

Cl. Ustilaginomycetes Bauer et al. 1997

Or. Ustilaginales Beketow 1864

G. Mundkurella Thirumalachar 1944

G. Sorosporium Rudolphi 1829

Fm. Ustilaginaceae

Invalid names: Exobasidiomycetes Begerow et al. 2006 [empty], Malasseziomycetes Boekhout et al. 2014 [empty], Moniliellomycetes Wang et al. 2014 [empty]

Subph. Wallemiomycotina Doweld 2014

Invalid names: Geminibasidiomycetes Nguyen and Seifert 2015 [empty], Wallemiomycetes Zalar et al. 2005 [empty]

Invalid names: Lycoperdales [invalid subgroup]

Ph. Entorrhizomycota Bauer et al. 2015

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Subph. Entorrhizomycotina Tedersoo et al. 2018

Invalid names: Entorrhizomycetes Begerow et al. 2006 [empty]

G. †Tortotubus Johnson 1985

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†Tortotubus protuberans Johnson 1985

Invalid names: Neomycota [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wuchiapingian to the top of the Holocene or 259.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 254.17 Ma

Collections (59 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	China (Xizang)	Rosellinites sp. 1 (29513)
Neocomian	145.0 - 125.77	Australia (Victoria)	Microthyriacites sp. (33923)
Late/Upper Aptian	122.46 - 113.0	Brazil (Ceará)	Gondwanagaricites magnificus (186591)
Late/Upper Cretaceous	100.5 - 66.0	India	Microthyriaceae indet. (224605)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Myanmar	Agaricales indet. C, Agaricales indet. D, Marasmiaceae indet. A, Marasmiaceae indet. B (161726) Marasmiamimum cretaceum, Mesoagaracites burmitis (236034)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Myanmar (Kachin)	Palaeoagaracites antiquus, Mycetophagites atrebora, Entropezites patricii (123429) Palaeogaster micromorpha (104053)
Middle Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	South Sudan	Callimothallus sp. (200021)
Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	USA (New Jersey)	Basidiomycota indet. (123016)
Turonian - Santonian	93.9 - 83.6	South Sudan	Callimothallus sp. (199976)
Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian	83.6 - 66.0	South Sudan	Callimothallus sp. (199954 199956 199958 199961 199964 199965)
Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	India (Maharashtra)	Notothyrites sp., Phragmothyrites eocaenica (26370)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	70.6 - 66.0	South Sudan	Callimothallus sp. (199948 199949)
Early/Lower Paleocene	66.0 - 61.7	India (Madhya Pradesh)	Palaeosordaria lagena (181126)
Paleocene - Oligocene	66.0 - 23.03	Canada (Nunavut)	Phragmothyrites eocaenicus (102066)
Paleogene	66.0 - 23.03	India (Madhya Pradesh)	Ustilaginales indet., Mundkurella mohgaonse, Palaeocytosphaera intertrappeana, Palaeoleptosphaeria intertrappeana, Rabenhorstinidium intertrappeum, Sarcophoma decanii, Sirophoma sp., Sorosporium mohgaoense, Ustilago chitaleyi, Ustilago deccani (224606)
Thanetian	59.2 - 56.0	India (Rajasthan)	Microthyriacites cooksonii, Microthyriacites sahnii (224712)
Eocene	56.0 - 33.9	Argentina (Santa Cruz)	Plochmopeltinites masonii (144274 144275 144277)
Eocene	56.0 - 33.9	USA (Georgia)	Sphaerites claibornensis (212698)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	Argentina (Neuquén)	Microthallites sp. (171385)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	India (Gujarat)	Phragmothyrites eocaenicus (224627)
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene	47.8 - 33.9	Argentina (Neuquén)	Microthallites sp. (136911)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	USA (Georgia)	Sphaerites claibornensis (212696)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Gerontomyces lepidotus (195170) Nidula baltica (125139)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Germany (Halle)	Palaeocybe striata (236032)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Russian Federation	Aspergillus collembolorum (123419)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Didymosphaeria betheli (24209)
Chattian	28.1 - 23.03	New Zealand (Otago)	Ascomycota indet. (191651)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.03 - 15.97	Ethiopia	Lecanorales indet. (227286)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.03 - 15.97	Mexico (Chiapas)	Lycoperdites tertiarius (236026)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.03 - 15.97	New Zealand (Otago)	Ascomycota indet. (191653)
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	India (Kerala)	Polyporites sp., Microthyriacites cooksonii, Microthyriacites edwardsii (224891)
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	India (Tamil Nadu)	Microthyriaceae indet. (224618)
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	Costa Rica	Microthyrium sp. (31168)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	Libya	Ganodermites libycus (236033)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	New Zealand (Otago)	Ascomycota indet., Metacapnodium sp. (191650)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.44 - 13.82	Dominican Republic	Aureofungus yaniguaensis (195169) Columnomyces electri (217200) Coprinites dominicana (124475) Phyllopsora dominicanus, Xylaria antiqua, Paleomorchella dominicana, Cyathus dominicanus (122472) Protomycena electra (124231)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.97 - 11.62	Poland (Silesia)	Rosellinites areolatus, Microthyrium microscopicum (28443) Rosellinites areolatus, Rosellinites congregatus, Microthyrium microscopicum (28442)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.97 - 11.62	Germany (Brandenburg)	Rosellinites congregatus (27548 27552)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene	3.6 - 0.781	India (Arunachal Pradesh)	Palaeoasterina siwalika (224508)
Villanyian	3.2 - 2.588	Slovakia	Polyporales indet. (41025)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Antarctica	Ascomycota indet. (177151)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Bahamas (Great Abaco Island)	Microthyriacites spp. (144662)