Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Toxopneustes

Echinoidea - Camarodonta - Toxopneustidae

Taxonomy
Toxopneustes was named by Agassiz (1841) [Sepkoski's age data: Q Plei R]. It is extant. It is the type genus of Toxopneustidae.

It was reranked as Echinus (Toxopneustes) by Agassiz and Desor (1846).

It was assigned to Echinus by Agassiz and Desor (1846); to Triplechinidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915); to Echinidae by Grant and Hertlein (1938); to Echinoida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Toxopneustidae by Fell and Pawson (1966), Smith (2009).

Species
T. rosea
Species lacking formal opinion data
T. roseus
Entered
by J. Sepkoski on 2003-01-23; modified by A. Hendy on 2013-04-30

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1841Toxopneustes Agassiz p. 7
1846Echinus (Toxopneustes) Agassiz and Desor
1915Toxopneustes Clark and Twitchell p. 222
1938Toxopneustes Grant and Hertlein p. 26
1966Toxopneustes Fell and Pawson p. U427
2002Toxopneustes Sepkoski
2009Toxopneustes Smith

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumEleutherozoa
—Echinozoa()
RankNameAuthor
classEchinoidea()
subclassEuechinoideaBronn 1860
—Echinacea()
orderCamarodonta
infraorderOdontophora
familyToxopneustidae
genusToxopneustesAgassiz 1841

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Toxopneustes Agassiz 1841
show all | hide all
Toxopneustes rosea Agassiz 1863
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calcitec
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: epifaunalc
Diet: grazerc
Diet 2: deposit feederc
Vision: limitedc
Dispersal: waterp
Dispersal 2: planktonicp
Created: 2004-02-28 12:05:24
Modified: 2010-02-12 04:00:29
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: Early/Lower Pliocene or 5.33300 to 3.60000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma

Collections: one only


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (California) T. roseus (96553)