| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Chlorophthalmoidei
Taxonomy
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2006 | Chlorophthalmoidei Prokofiev p. S42 |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subor. †Chlorophthalmoidei
show all | hide all
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| A. M. Prokofiev 2006 | Small and moderate fish (10–60 cm SL) with low elongated body. Snout compressed dorso-ventrally. Supramaxillaria 0–1. Maxillare broaden caudally, developed normally, not supported by infraorbit- alia. Teeth on jaws small and (except Parasudis) multi- row; small on palatinum. Posttemporal fossa absent. The degree of the development of horizontal branch of praeoperculum varies; suboperculum is smaller than operculum. Branchiostegal rays 8–13. Gill rakers nor- mally developed. Cleithrum articulates to the lower half of supracleithrum. Vertebrae 38–66. Caudal part of ver- tebral column shorter than the abdominal part. Intermuscular bones normally developed. Dorsal fin with short base, contains 9–14 rays, begins in the anterior part of the body. In the anal fin 7–21 rays. Pectoral fin forms an angle of 45° with the body, in Bathypteroidae divided into two parts. Scale cover well developed, enlarged scales on the sides of the body and in the base of the caudal fin absent. No fulcral scales in the caudal fin base (except Paraulopidae and Scopelosaurus). Pho- tophores absent, sometimes (Ipnops) there are light- sensitive head organs with specific structure (Mosley in Günther, 1887; Anderson et al., 1966; Theisen, 1966). Eyes often very small (except Chlorophtalmidae), sometimes nonfunctioning (Ipnopidae), have afocal zone at the anterior margin of the lens. Swimbladder absent, no peritoneal sections. Mostly benthopelagic fish inhabiting depths of 200–6000 m. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Miocene to the top of the Messinian or 15.98000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.63 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.63 Ma
Collections (3 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Middle Miocene | Italy | Parascopelus lacertosus (185486) | |
| Messinian | Italy | Parascopelus lacerlosus (185692) | |
| Messinian | Italy (Sicily) | Parascopelus lacerlosus (186578) |