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Citharichthys

Osteichthyes - Pleuronectiformes - Paralichthyidae

Taxonomy
Citharichthys was named by Bleeker (1862) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 915]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Pleuronectidae by Arambourg (1927), Casier (1966); to Bothidae by Fitch and Lavenberg (1983), Stringer (1998); to Pleuronectiformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Paralichthyidae by Fierstine et al. (2012), Welton (2015), Ebersole et al. (2021), Schwarzhans and Nielsen (2021).

Species
C. oranensis, C. parvisulcus, C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus, C. varians, C. vergens, C. xanthostigma
Entered
by J. Sepkoski on 2003-01-23; modified by L. van den Hoek Ostende on 2013-04-30

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1862Citharichthys Bleeker
1927Citharichthys Arambourg p. 59
1966Citharichthys Casier p. 461
1983Citharichthys Fitch and Lavenberg p. 513
1998Citharichthys Stringer p. 151
2002Citharichthys Sepkoski
2012Citharichthys Fierstine et al. p. 158
2015Citharichthys Welton p. 19
2021Citharichthys Ebersole et al. p. 497
2021Citharichthys Schwarzhans and Nielsen p. 45

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassActinopterygii()
RankNameAuthor
infraclassActinopteri()
—Teleosteomorpha
—Acanthopterygii
—Percomorphaceae
—Carangaria
orderPleuronectiformes
suborderPleuronectoidei
familyParalichthyidae
genusCitharichthysBleeker 1862

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Citharichthys Bleeker 1862
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†Citharichthys oranensis Arambourg 1927
†Citharichthys parvisulcus Schwarzhans and Nielsen 2021
Citharichthys sordidus Girard 1854 [Pacific sanddab]
Citharichthys stigmaeus Jordan and Gilbert 1882 [speckled sanddab]
†Citharichthys varians Casier 1966
†Citharichthys vergens Schwarzhans and Nielsen 2021
Citharichthys xanthostigma Gilbert 1890 [longfin sanddab]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 21:39:27
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:39:27
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Priabonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 37.71000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma

Collections (33 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9USA (Louisiana) C. sp. (75638)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3USA (Alabama) C. sp., C. sp. (89610)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04USA (Louisiana) C. sp. (44521)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Venezuela (Paraguana) C. sp. (118106)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Chile C. parvisulcus (46980 46982 241729 241730 241731)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98Chile C. vergens (179976 241734)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Venezuela (Falcon) C. sp. (161210)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Panama C. sp. (145519 145520 145521 145523)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Chile (Bio-Bio) C. parvisulcus (46978)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Algeria (Oran) C. oranensis (59256)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Ecuador (Esmeraldas) C. sp. (135043)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) C. sp. (52582)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Jamaica C. sp. (186673)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58USA (California) C. sp., C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus (219849)
Chibanian0.774 - 0.129USA (California) C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus (84881) C. spp., C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus (226584 276728)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Oregon) C. sordidus (194882 222408)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) C. sp. (20646)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus (226585) C. spp., C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus (59063) C. spp., C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus, C. xanthostigma (219031) C. stigmaeus (85314)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Louisiana) C. sp. (161932)