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Citharichthys

Actinopteri - Pleuronectiformes - Paralichthyidae

Taxonomy
Citharichthys was named by Bleeker (1862) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 915]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Pleuronectidae by Arambourg (1927), Casier (1966); to Bothidae by Fitch and Lavenberg (1983), Stringer (1998); to Pleuronectiformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Paralichthyidae by Fierstine et al. (2012), Welton (2015).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1862Citharichthys Bleeker
1927Citharichthys Arambourg p. 59
1966Citharichthys Casier p. 461
1983Citharichthys Fitch and Lavenberg p. 513
1998Citharichthys Stringer p. 151
2002Citharichthys Sepkoski
2012Citharichthys Fierstine et al. p. 158
2015Citharichthys Welton p. 19

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
RankNameAuthor
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
—Teleocephalade Pinna 1996
—ClupeocephalaPatterson and Rosen 1977
—EuteleosteiRosen 1973
superorderAcanthopterygii
—Percomorpha
orderPleuronectiformes
suborderPleuronectoidei
familyParalichthyidae
genusCitharichthysBleeker 1862

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Citharichthys Bleeker 1862
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†Citharichthys oranensis Arambourg 1927
Citharichthys stigmaeus Jordan and Gilbert 1882
†Citharichthys varians Casier 1966
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 21:39:27
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:39:27
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Priabonian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 37.71000 to 0.01400 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma

Collections (19 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9USA (Louisiana) C. sp. (75638)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04USA (Louisiana) C. sp. (44521)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Venezuela (Paraguana) C. sp. (118106)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Venezuela (Falcon) C. sp. (161210)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Panama C. sp. (145519 145520 145521 145523)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Algeria (Oran) C. oranensis (59256)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Ecuador (Esmeraldas) C. sp. (135043)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) C. sp. (52582)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Jamaica C. sp. (186673)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58USA (California) C. sp., C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus (219849)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Oregon) C. sordidus (194882 222408)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (California) C. stigmaeus (85314)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) C. spp., C. sordidus, C. stigmaeus (59063)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) C. sp. (20646)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Louisiana) C. sp. (161932)