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Osteostraci

Osteostraci

Taxonomy
Osteostraci was named by Lankaster (1868).

It was reranked as the order Osteostraci by Hay (1902), Dineley and Metcalf (1999); it was synonymized subjectively with Cephalaspidiformes by Long (2011), Nelson et al. (2016); it was reranked as the class Osteostraci by Gadow (1898), van der Laan (2019).

It was assigned to Hypostomata by Gadow (1898); to Aspidoganoidei by Hay (1902); to Monorrhina by Obruchev (1964); to Agnatha by Dineley and Metcalf (1999); and to Osteostracomorphi by van der Laan (2019).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1868Osteostraci Lankaster
1898Osteostraci Gadow p. 4
1902Osteostraci Hay p. 340
1964Osteostraci Obruchev p. 106
1999Osteostraci Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
2019Osteostraci van der Laan

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
RankNameAuthor
subphylumVertebrata
superclassOsteostracomorphi
classOsteostraci(Lankaster 1868)
classOsteostraci(Lankaster 1868)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. †Osteostraci Lankaster 1868
show all | hide all
Or. †Benneviaspidida Janvier 1996
+
Superfm. †Boreaspidoidei Stensio 1958
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G. †Severaspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
+
Severaspis rostralis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
G. †Ectinaspis Wängsjö 1952
+
Ectinaspis heintzi Wängsjö 1952
G. †Hapilaspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
+
Hapilaspis apheles Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
G. †Securiaspis Stensio 1932
+
Securiaspis caledonica White 1963
Securiaspis kingi Stensio 1932
Securiaspis kitchini Stensio 1932
Securiaspis waterstoni White 1963
Or. †Benneviaspidiformes Afanassieva 1991
+
Fm. †Benneviaspididae Denison 1951
+
G. †Benneviaspis Stensiö 1927
+
Benneviaspis anglica Stensio 1932
Benneviaspis holtedahli Stensio 1927
Benneviaspis lankesteri Stensio 1932
Benneviaspis longicornis Wangsjo 1937
Benneviaspis polonica Belles-Isles and Janvier 1984
Benneviaspis urvantsevi Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
Benneviaspis whitei Belles-Isles and Janvier 1984
Fm. †Boreaspididae Stensio 1958
+
G. †Belonaspis Janvier 1985
+
Belonaspis minuta Janvier 1985
Belonaspis puella Janvier 1985
G. †Boreaspis Stensio 1927
+
Boreaspis batoides Wängsjö 1952
Boreaspis ceratops Wängsjö 1952
Boreaspis intermedia Wängsjö 1952
Boreaspis macrorhynchus Wängsjö 1952
Boreaspis puella Wängsjö 1952
Boreaspis rostrata Stensio 1927
Boreaspis spinicornis Wängsjö 1952
G. †Dicranaspis Janvier 1985
+
Dicranaspis circinus Janvier 1985
Dicranaspis curtirostris Janvier 1985
Dicranaspis gracilis Janvier 1985
G. †Hoelaspis Stensio 1927
+
Hoelaspis angulata Stensio 1927
G. †Spatulaspis Janvier 1985
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Spatulaspis costata Wängsjö 1952
Spatulaspis robusta Janvier 1985
G. †Tauraspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
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Tauraspis rara Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
Fm. †Mimetaspididae Stensiö 1958
+
G. †Mimetaspis Stensio 1958
+
Mimetaspis concordis Voichyshyn 1994
Mimetaspis glazewskii Janvier 1985
Mimetaspis hoeli Wängsjö 1952
Fm. †Pattenaspididae Stensiö 1958
+
G. †Pattenaspis Stensio 1958
+
Pattenaspis acuminata Wängsjö 1952
Pattenaspis bardenheueri Friman and Janvier 1986
Pattenaspis rogalai Balabai 1962
Pattenaspis woschmidti Friman and Janvier 1986
G. †Camptaspis Branson and Mehl 1931
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Camptaspis utahensis Branson and Mehl 1931
Or. †Cephalaspidiformes Berg 1937
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G. †Aachenaspis Egerton 1857
Subor. †Ateleaspidoidei
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Fm. †Ateleaspididae Traquair 1899
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G. †Ateleaspis Traquair 1899
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Ateleaspis robusta Ritchie 1967
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Invalid names: Aceraspis robusta Kiaer 1911 [replaced]
Ateleaspis tessellata Traquair 1899
Invalid names: Aceraspis Kiaer 1911 [synonym]
G. †Hemicyclaspis Lankaster 1870
+
Hemicyclaspis murchisoni Lankester 1870
Invalid names: Hemiteleaspis Westoll 1945 [synonym]
G. †Hirella Cossmann 1920
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Hirella denisoni Heintz 1969
Hirella gracilis Heintz 1939
Invalid names: Micraspis Kiaer 1911 [replaced]
Invalid names: Ateleaspidinae Tranqiair 1899 [empty]
Fm. †Kalanaspididae Tinn and Märss 2018
+
G. †Kalanaspis Tinn and Märss 2018
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Kalanaspis delectabilis Tinn and Märss 2018
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Fm. †Cephalaspididae Agassiz 1844
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G. †Cephalaspis Agassiz 1835
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Subg. †Cephalaspis (Cwmaspis) White and Toombs 1983
Cephalaspis acadica Robertson 1936
Cephalaspis agassizi Stensio 1932
Cephalaspis campbelltonensis Whiteaves 1881
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Invalid names: Cephalaspis whiteavesi Traquair 1890 [synonym]
Cephalaspis canadensis Robertson 1936
Cephalaspis dawsoni Lankester 1870
Cephalaspis gabrielsei Dineley and Loeffler 1976
Cephalaspis jexi Traquair 1893
Cephalaspis laticeps Traquair 1890
Cephalaspis lewisii Agassiz 1835
Cephalaspis lightbodii Lankester 1870
Cephalaspis lloydii Agassiz 1835
Cephalaspis lyelli Agassiz 1835
Cephalaspis murchisoni Egerton 1857
Cephalaspis novaescotiae Denison 1955
Cephalaspis oeselensis Robertson 1939
Cephalaspis pagei Lankester 1870
Cephalaspis podolica Balabai 1962
Cephalaspis powriei Lankester 1870
Cephalaspis rostratus Agassiz 1835
Cephalaspis scotica White 1963
Cephalaspis westolli Russell 1954
Cephalaspis whitei Stensio 1932
Cephalaspis wyomingensis Bryant 1933
Invalid names: Cephalaspidae Huxley 1861 [synonym]
Fm. †Parameteoraspididae Sansom 2009
+
Subfm. †Escuminaspidinae Arsenault and Janvier 1995
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G. †Balticaspis Lyarskaya 1981
G. †Levesquaspis Arsenault and Janvier 1995
G. †Trewinia Janvier and Newman 2004
G. †Escuminaspis Traquair 1893
+
Escuminaspis laticeps Traquair 1893
Invalid names: Alaspis Orvig 1957 [synonym]
G. †Parameteoraspis Blieck et al. 1987
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Parameteoraspis gigas Janvier 1981
Parameteoraspis oblonga Blieck et al. 1987
Fm. †Superciliaspididae Scott and Wilson 2015
+
G. †Dentapelta Scott and Wilson 2015
+
Dentapelta loefflerae Scott and Wilson 2015
G. †Glabrapelta Scott and Wilson 2015
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Glabrapelta cristata Scott and Wilson 2015
Glabrapelta minima Scott and Wilson 2015
G. †Superciliaspis Adrain and Wilson 1994
+
Superciliaspis gabrielsei Adrain and Wilson 1994
G. †Meelaidaspis Märss et al. 2014
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Meelaidaspis gennadii Märss et al. 2014
G. †Ohesaareaspis Märss et al. 2014
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Ohesaareaspis ponticulata Märss et al. 2014
Subor. †Scolenaspidoidei Afanassieva 1991
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Fm. †Scolenaspididae Afanassieva 1991
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G. †Scolenaspis Jarvik 1954
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Scolenaspis signata Wängsjö 1952
G. †Ukrainaspis Sansom 2009
+
Invalid names: Heraspis Afanassieva 1991 [replaced]
G. †Zychaspis Janvier 1985
+
Zychaspis bucovinensis Voichyshyn 2011
Zychaspis concinna Voichyshyn 2001
Zychaspis elegans Balabai 1962
Zychaspis granulata Voichyshyn 2011
Zychaspis siemiradzkii Janvier 1985
Fm. †Zenaspididae Stensio 1958
+
G. †Diademaspis Janvier 1985
+
Diademaspis jarviki Wangsjo 1952
Diademaspis mackenziensis Adrain and Wilson 1994
Diademaspis poplinae Janvier 1985
Diademaspis stensioiei Afanassieva 1989
G. †Machairaspis Janvier 1985
+
Machairaspis battaili Janvier 1985
Machairaspis ibex Wängsjö 1952
Machairaspis isachseni Janvier 1985
Machairaspis serrata Scott and Wilson 2013
G. †Stensiopelta Denison 1951
+
Stensiopelta pustulata Janvier 1985
Stensiopelta woodwardi Denison 1951
G. †Tegaspis Wängsjö 1952
+
Tegaspis kolleri Wängsjö 1952
Tegaspis waengsjoei Belles-Isles and Janvier 1984
G. †Zenaspis Lankaster 1869
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Zenaspis dzieduszyckii Voichyshyn 2006
Zenaspis kasymyri Voichyshyn 2011
Zenaspis salweyi Egerton 1857
G. †Tuvaspis Obruchev 1956
+
Tuvaspis margaritae Obruchev 1956
Subcl. †Cornuata Janvier 1985
+
G. †Hildenaspis Janvier 1976
+
Hildenaspis digitalis Janvier 1976
Invalid names: Cephalaspidiens Janvier 1985 [empty]
+
Fm. †Kiaeraspididae Stensio 1932
+
Subfm. †Acrotomaspidinae Janvier 1981
+
G. †Acrotomaspis Wängsjö 1952
+
Acrotomaspis instabilis Wängsjö 1952
G. †Gustavaspis Janvier 1981
+
Gustavaspis trinodis Janvier 1981
G. †Axinaspis Wängsjö 1952
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Axinaspis whitei Wängsjö 1952
G. †Kiaeraspis Stensio 1927
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G. †Nectaspis Wängsjö 1952
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Nectaspis areolata Wängsjö 1952
Nectaspis dellei Wängsjö 1952
Nectaspis peltata Wängsjö 1952
G. †Norselaspis Janvier 1981
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Norselaspis glacialis Janvier 1981
Fm. †Procephalaspididae Stensiö 1958
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G. †Procephalaspis Denison 1951
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Procephalaspis oeselensis Denison 1951
Fm. †Thyestidae Rohon 1892
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G. †Thyestes Eichwald 1854
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Thyestes verrucosus Eichwald 1854
Fm. †Tremataspididae Schmidt 1866
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G. †Aestiaspis Janvier and Lelievre 1994
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Aestiaspis viitaensis Janvier and Lelievre 1994
G. †Dartmuthia Patten 1931
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Dartmuthia gemmifera Patten 1931
Dartmuthia procera Märss et al. 2014
G. †Dobraspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1997
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Dobraspis uralensis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1997
G. †Sclerodus Agassiz 1839
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Sclerodus pustuliferus Agassiz 1839
G. †Tannuaspis Obruchev 1956
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Tannuaspis levenkoi Obruchev 1956
G. †Timanaspis Kossovoi and Obruchev 1962
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Timanaspis kossovoii Kossovoi and Obruchev 1962
Subfm. †Tremataspidinae Woodward 1891
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G. †Oeselaspis Robertson 1935
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Oeselaspis pustulata Robertson 1935
G. †Tremataspis Schmidt 1866
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Tremataspis mammillata Patten 1931
Tremataspis milleri Patten 1931
Tremataspis obruchevi Afanassieva and Karatajute-Talimaa 1998
Tremataspis perforata Märss et al. 2014
Tremataspis rohoni Robertson 1939
Tremataspis schmidti Rohon 1892
Invalid names: Aestiaspidinae Afanassieva 1996 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Witaaspididae Afanassieva 1991
+
G. †Witaaspis Robertson 1939
+
Witaaspis patteni Robertson 1939
Witaaspis schrenckii Robertson 1939
+
Invalid names: Tremataspis schrenkii Pander 1856 [replaced]
Or. †Thyestiida Janvier 1996
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G. †Auchenaspis Egerton 1857
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Auchenaspis egertoni Lankester 1870
Auchenaspis salteri Egerton 1857
G. †Ilemoraspis Obruchev 1961
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Ilemoraspis kirkinskayae Obruchev 1961
Superfm. †Kiaeraspidoidea Afanassieva 1991
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G. †Didymaspis Lankester 1867
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Didymaspis grindrodi Lankester 1867
Superfm. †Tremataspidoidea Afanassieva 1991
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G. †Saaremaaspis Robertson 1938
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Saaremaaspis mickwitzi Robertson 1938
G. †Tyriaspis Heintz 1967
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Tyriaspis whitei Heintz 1967
Or. †Tremataspidida Obruchev 1964
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Invalid names: Tannuaspididae Obruchev 1964 [empty]
Or. †Tremataspidiformes Berg 1937
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G. †Tahulaspis Märss et al. 2014
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Tahulaspis ordinata Märss et al. 2014
Tahulaspis praevia Märss et al. 2014
G. †Waengsjoeaspis Janvier 1985
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Waengsjoeaspis excellens Janvier 1985
Waengsjoeaspis nahanniensis Adrian and Wilson 1994
Waengsjoeaspis platycornis Scott and Wilson 2012
G. †Yvonaspis Belles-Isles 1989
+
Yvonaspis campbelltonensis Belles-Isles 1989
Or. †Zenaspidida Stensio 1958
+
G. †Spangenhelmaspis Sansom 2009
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Spangenhelmaspis quadrata Wangsjo 1952
Spangenhelmaspis staxrudi Stensio 1927
G. †Wladysagitta Voichyshyn 2006
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Wladysagitta janvieri Voichyshyn 2006
+
Invalid names: Cephalaspis acutirostrus Stensio 1932 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Ateleaspidiformes Tarlo 1967 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 15:11:50
Modified: 2017-04-17 15:11:50
Source: subp = subphylum, p = phylum
References: Carroll 1988, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Raikkula to the top of the Frasnian or 440.80000 to 372.15000 Ma

Collections (135 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Silurian443.1 - 419.62United Kingdom (England) Sclerodus pustuliferus (22721)
Raikkula440.8 - 438.8Estonia (Jõgeva) Kalanaspis delectabilis (206508)
Telychian438.6 - 432.9United Kingdom (Scotland) Ateleaspis tesselata (188542)
Telychian - Sheinwoodian438.6 - 430.6United Kingdom (South Lanarkshire) Ateleaspis tesselata (195126)
Sheinwoodian432.9 - 430.6United Kingdom Ateleaspis tessellata (238429)
Wenlock432.9 - 426.7United Kingdom (Scotland) Hemiteleaspis heintzi (26907)
Wenlock - Ludlow432.9 - 422.7United Kingdom (Scotland) Ateleaspis sp. (26906)
Wenlock - Ludlow432.9 - 422.7Greenland Osteostraci indet. (239394)
Homerian430.6 - 426.7Sweden Thyestes verrucosus (179986) Thyestes verrucosus, Oeselaspis pustulata, Saaremaaspis mickwitzi, Tremataspis milleri, Meelaidaspis gennadii (179989) Tremataspis schmidti, Thyestes verrucosus (179990) Tremataspis schmidti, Thyestes verrucosus, Oeselaspis pustulata, Saaremaaspis mickwitzi, Tremataspis milleri, Meelaidaspis gennadii (179988) Tremataspis schmidti, Thyestes verrucosus, Saaremaaspis mickwitzi, Tremataspis milleri (179987)
Rootsikula428.6 - 426.7Norway Ateleaspis robusta (26928) Hirella gracilis, Ateleaspis robusta (14308) Hirella sp., Ateleaspis robusta (26927)
Rootsikula428.6 - 426.7Estonia Cephalaspidoformes indet. (26922) Tremataspis schmidti, Aestiaspis viitaensis, Oeselaspis pustulata, Saaremaaspis mickwitzi, Tremataspis milleri, Witaaspis schrenckii (13824) Tremataspis simonsoni, Tremataspis schmidti, Saaremaaspis mickwitzi, Witaaspis schrenckii (13823)
Rootsikula428.6 - 426.7Estonia (Saare) Tremataspis schmidti, Aestiaspis viitaensis, Saaremaaspis mickwitzi, Tremataspis rohoni, Tremataspis perforata, Witaaspis patteni, Witaaspis schrenckii (206984)
Rootsikula428.6 - 426.7Estonia (Saaremaa Island) Aestiaspis viitaensis, Meelaidaspis gennadii (237766)
Paadla426.7 - 423.0Estonia Cephalaspidoformes indet. (26925) Tremataspis panderi, Tremataspis patteni, Tremataspis scalaris, Dartmuthia gemmifera, Oeselaspis pustulata, Procephalaspis oeselensis, Tremataspis mammillata, Tremataspis milleri, Tremataspis rohoni, Witaaspis schrenckii (13826)
Paadla426.7 - 423.0Estonia (Saare) Aestiaspis viitaensis (206935) Tahulaspis praevia (239042)
Paadla426.7 - 423.0Estonia (Saaremaa) Witaaspis schrenkii, Tremataspis schmidti, Dartmuthia gemmifera, Oeselaspis pustulata, Procephalaspis oeselensis, Tremataspis mammillata, Tremataspis milleri, Tremataspis rohoni, Tremataspis perforata, Dartmuthia procera (195601)
Ludlow426.7 - 422.7Russian Federation Dartmuthia sp., Thyestes sp., Tremataspis sp., Osteostraci indet. (239571)
Ludlow426.7 - 422.7United Kingdom (Scotland) Ateleaspis tesselata (26896)
Kuressaare423.0 - 422.7Estonia Dartmuthia procera (238494)
Kuressaare423.0 - 422.7Estonia (Saare) Tahulaspis ordinata (238493)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Russian Federation Didymaspis grindrodi, Timanaspis kossovoii (239019)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62United Kingdom (England) Auchenaspis salteri, Hemicyclaspis murchisoni (26915) Thyestes sp., Auchenaspis salteri, Auchenaspis egertoni, Didymaspis grindrodi, Hemicyclaspis murchisoni (26917)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Norway Ateleaspis sp., Tyriaspis whitei, Hirella denisoni (239059)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62United Kingdom (Shropshire) Sclerodus pustuliferus (153549)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Canada (Nunavut) Hemicyclaspis murchisoni (90324)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62United Kingdom Cephalaspis sp., Sclerodus pustuliferus, Hemicyclaspis murchisoni (239127) Hemicyclaspis murchisoni (238359)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Lithuania Cephalaspis sp. (207344)
Pridoli - Helderbergian422.7 - 393.47Russian Federation Tuvaspis margaritae, Tannuaspis levenkoi (24785)
Ohesaare421.6 - 419.62Estonia (Saare) Ohesaareaspis ponticulata (193837)
Early/Lower Lochkovian419.62 - 416.8United Kingdom Cephalaspidae indet. (238794 238795) Cephalaspis sp., Stensiopelta woodwardi (238750) Cwmaspis billcrofti, Stensiopelta woodwardi (238751) Osteostraci indet., Cephalaspis sp., Scolenaspis sp. (238749) Sclerodus pustuliferus (238868)
Gedinnine419.62 - 413.02Germany Pattenaspis bardenheueri, Pattenaspis woschmidti (238362)
Gedinnine419.62 - 413.02Ukraine Benneviaspis polonica (236744) Tegaspis waengsjoei (236745)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Svalbard and Jan Mayen Nectaspis areolata, Parameteoraspis gigas (239913) Parameteoraspis gigas (239912) Parameteoraspis oblonga (238705) Scolenaspis signata (238869) Scolenaspis signata, Mimetaspis hoeli (238410)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Canada (Nova Scotia) Cephalaspis sp. (14201) Cephalaspis sp., Cephalaspis novaescotiae (161378)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02USA (Wyoming) Cephalaspis sp. (153534)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02United Kingdom (Scotland) Cephalaspis sp. (26908 155918)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02United Kingdom (England) Benneviaspis salopiensis, Kiaeraspis sp. (90352) Cephalaspis sp. (26918)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Ukraine Cephalaspis sp. (26978) Diademaspis sp., Stensiopelta pustulata, Zychaspis siemiradzkii (239217 239250) Diademaspis sp., Zenaspis dzieduszyckii, Wladysagitta janvieri, Benneviaspis whitei (236555) Heraspis kozlowskii (239230) Pattenaspis rogalai (239223 239225) Stensiopelta sp., Tegaspis waengsjoei (239231) Tegaspis sp., Stensiopelta sp., Pattenaspis rogalai, Zychaspis concinna, Zychaspis siemiradzkii (239253) Ukrainaspis kozlowskii (239228 239229) Ukrainaspis kozlowskii, Diademaspis sp., Machairaspis sp., Zenaspis salweyi, Zenaspis dzieduszyckii, Zenaspis podolica, Wladysagitta janvieri, Mimetaspis concordis, Pattenaspis rogalai, Stensiopelta pustulata, Zenaspis kasymyri, Zychaspis concinna, Zychaspis siemiradzkii, Mimetaspis glazewskii (239251) Zenaspis dzieduszyckii (236556) Zenaspis podolica (239221)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02United Kingdom (Herefordshire) Cephalaspis sp. (201736)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Norway Cephalaspis sp. (237817) Cephalaspis sp., Benneviaspis sp., Mimetaspis sp., Hoelaspis angulata, Kiaeraspis auchenaspidoides (237823) Cephalaspis sp., Machairaspis sp. (237814) Cephalaspis sp., Pattenaspis sp. (237815) Cephalaspis sp., Pattenaspis sp., Machairaspis sp., Waengsjoeaspis excellens, Pattenaspis acuminata (237818) Spangenhelmaspis quadrata (238937) Spangenhelmaspis staxrudi (237824) Spangenhelmaspis staxrudi, Tegaspis kolleri (237821) Tegaspis sp., Cephalaspis sp., Mimetaspis sp., Securiaspis sp., Zenaspis sp., Scolenaspis sp., Parameteoraspis sp., Hoelaspis angulata, Benneviaspis holtedahli, Kiaeraspis auchenaspidoides (237826) Waengsjoeaspis sp., Cephalaspis sp., Machairaspis sp., Hoelaspis angulata, Benneviaspis longicornis, Machairaspis ibex (237822) Waengsjoeaspis sp., Cephalaspis sp., Pattenaspis sp., Machairaspis sp., Ectinaspis heintzi, Pattenaspis acuminata (237816)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Greenland Osteostraci indet. (239395)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02United Kingdom Cephalaspis salweyi, Cephalaspis agassizi, Benneviaspis anglica, Benneviaspis lankesteri (238037) Securiaspis kingi, Benneviaspis anglica (238038) Stensiopelta woodwardi (239007)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Canada (Nunavut) Cephalaspis sp. (90322 238034 238128) Hemicyclaspis murchisoni (237784)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Canada (Northwest Territories) Waengsjoeaspis nahanniensis, Glabrapelta cristata, Glabrapelta minima, Dentapelta loefflerae, Superciliaspis gabrielsei, Diademaspis mackenziensis, Machairaspis serrata (237813)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.62 - 410.62Ukraine Cephalaspis kozlowskii (23447) Stensiopelta sp. (239241)
Lochkovian - Early/Lower Emsian419.62 - 399.5Canada (Northwest Territories) Cephalaspis sp., Cephalaspis gabrielsei (237829)
Early/Lower Devonian419.62 - 393.47United Kingdom Cephalaspis lyelli (238045 238872)
Lochkovian - Eifelian419.62 - 387.95Ukraine (Ivano-Frankivsk) Pattenaspis rogalai (237770)
Lochkovian - Eifelian419.62 - 387.95Ukraine (Ternopil) Pattenaspis rogalai (237771) Ukrainaspis kozlowskii, Diademaspis sp., Zenaspis salweyi, Wladysagitta janvieri, Benneviaspis whitei, Mimetaspis concordis, Stensiopelta pustulata, Zychaspis granulata, Zychaspis siemiradzkii (237769)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62Svalbard and Jan Mayen Nectaspis areolata, Dicranaspis curtirostris, Dicranaspis gracilis, Spatulaspis robusta (239129) Nectaspis areolata, Spatulaspis costata (238092) Nectaspis areolata, Spatulaspis costata, Dicranaspis curtirostris (238091) Nectaspis dellei, Gustavaspis trinodis (238353)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62Ukraine Auchenaspis sp., Cephalaspis bucovinensis (90348) Stensiopelta pustulata, Zychaspis siemiradzkii, Mimetaspis glazewskii (239249) Zenaspis podolica, Pattenaspis rogalai, Stensiopelta pustulata, Zychaspis elegans (239247)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62United Kingdom Securiaspis kitchini, Cephalaspis whitei, Cephalaspis agassizi (238870) Securiaspis waterstoni, Cephalaspis scotica, Securiaspis caledonica (238871)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62Russian Federation Tauraspis rara, Hapilaspis apheles, Severaspis rostralis, Benneviaspis urvantsevi (90331)
Pragian - Emsian413.02 - 393.47Svalbard and Jan Mayen Acrotomaspis instabilis (233179) Acrotomaspis instabilis, Nectaspis peltata, Boreaspis macrorhynchus, Dicranaspis circinus, Dicranaspis gracilis, Spatulaspis robusta (237853) Axinaspis whitei, Nectaspis peltata, Boreaspis macrorhynchus, Boreaspis puella, Boreaspis intermedia, Dicranaspis circinus, Spatulaspis robusta (237852) Diademaspis jarviki, Axinaspis whitei, Boreaspis batoides, Boreaspis macrorhynchus, Boreaspis puella, Boreaspis ceratops, Boreaspis intermedia, Machairaspis isachseni, Spatulaspis costata, Belonaspis minuta, Belonaspis puella, Boreaspis rostrata (237851) Machairaspis battaili (238499) Norselaspis glacialis (238095)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Russian Federation Ilemoraspis kirkinskayae (238400)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Germany Hildenaspis digitalis (238361)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47USA (Utah) Camptaspis utahensis (233171)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Russian Federation Dobraspis uralensis (238088)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Canada (New Brunswick) Cephalaspis canadensis, Cephalaspis jexi, Yvonaspis campbelltonensis (161373) Cephalaspis sp. (161372)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47USA (Wyoming) Cephalaspis wyomingense (26176)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Canada (Quebec) Cephalaspis dawsoni (161376) Cephalaspis westolli (161379)
Late/Upper Emsian - Eifelian399.5 - 387.95Latvia Balticaspis latvica (226510)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Russian Federation Aestiaspis viitaensis (90332)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31Russian Federation Ilemoraspis kirkinskayae (238396)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31United Kingdom Trewinia magnifica (238517)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Canada (Quebec) Alaspis rosamundae, Levesquaspis patteni, Escuminaspis laticeps (179176)