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Balkariidae
Taxonomy
Balkariidae was named by Bannikov et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Tetraodontoidei by Bannikov et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Tetraodontoidei by Bannikov et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2017 | Balkariidae Bannikov et al. p. 133 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Balkariidae Bannikov et al. 2017
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| A. F. Bannikov et al. 2017 | A family of tetraodontoid fishes unique in having an extremely well-developed spiny dorsal fin situated over the top of the rear half of the skull and widely separated from a short-based soft dorsal fin situated over the anterior half of the caudal region of the body; spiny dorsal fin consisting of six exceptionally long, cylindrical, slender spines situated mostly along the top of the skull; first two dorsal-fin spines situated over the rear half of the orbit, with their bases more closely spaced than those of the four more posterior dorsal spines situated over the top of the neurocranium behind the orbit and more posteriorly; dorsal-fin spines becoming especially slender posteriorly in the series; shaft of first spiny dorsal-fin pterygiophore essentially horizontal in position, with the shafts of the subsequent three spiny dorsal pterygiophores becoming increasingly more posteroventrally oriented; shafts of adjacent spiny dorsal-fin pterygiophores broadly
overlapping; jaws massive and beak-like, with numerous coalesced small teeth as evidenced on the external surface of the jaws; upper jaw with fused left and right premaxillae and lower jaw with fused left and right denta- ries; anterior portion of the neurocranium angled anteroventrally; basisphenoid present; 18 (7C11) vertebrae; neural spines of anterior six abdominal vertebrae bifid; ribs and intermuscular bones absent; pelvic fins absent; small pelvic girdle ostensibly present; fifth hypural autogenous; caudal fin with 12 rays, probably with one upper procurrent ray and 11 principal rays (i, I, 6C3, I), with eight rays above the diastemal notch in the middle of the outer edge of the hypural plate and four rays below the diastema; caudal rays finely serrated proximally; body covered with sparse, short, non- erectile four-rooted stellate scale spinules. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||