PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Barbatia pernoides

Bivalvia - Arcida - Arcidae

Taxonomy

Byssoarca pernoides was named by Carpenter (1857). It is extant.

It was recombined as Arca pernoides by Maury (1922); it was recombined as Barbatia (Acar) pernoides by Heath (1941); it was recombined as Barbatia pernoides by Reinhart (1943).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

B. awamoana, B. cochlearis, B. decussata, B. dejaeri, B. fractura, B. helblingii, B. kubara, B. laekeniana, B. mackayi, B. palmerae, B. reklawensis, B. salebrosus, B. sorongensis, B. striatularis, B. textiliosa, B. vincenti, B. salebrosus, B. beaugrandi, B. laeviuscula, B. thurrelli, B. uxoripalmeri, B. reklawensis

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1857	Byssoarca pernoides Carpenter p. 202
1922	Arca pernoides Maury p. 202
1941	Barbatia (Acar) pernoides Heath p. 294
1943	Barbatia pernoides Reinhart p. 82

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia
—	Eubivalvia

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Autobranchia	(Groblen 1894)
infraclass	Pteriomorphia	(Beurlen 1944)
—	Ostreomorphi	Ferussac 1822
—	Arcioni	Gray 1854
order	Arcida	(Stoliczka 1871)
superfamily	Arcoidea	(Lamarck 1809)
family	Arcidae	Lamarck 1809
genus	Barbatia	Gray 1842
species	pernoides	(Carpenter 1857)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Barbatia pernoides Carpenter 1857

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Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitef

Entire body:

yesf

Adult length:

10 to < 100f

Adult width:

10 to < 100f

Adult height:

10 to < 100f

Thickness:

intermediatef

Folds:

minorf

Ribbing:

majorf

Spines:

nonef

Internal reinforcement:

nonef

Ontogeny:

accretionf

Environment:

lagoonal, coastal, inner shelf, outer shelf, oceanic, brackish, freshwaterf

Locomotion:

stationaryg

Attached:

yesg

Life habit:

epifaunalg

Diet:

suspension feederg

Vision:

limitedf

Created:

2004-02-29 17:10:35

Modified:

2009-09-09 11:04:23

Source: g = genus, f = family

References: Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: Late/Upper Pleistocene or 0.12900 to 0.01170 Ma

Collections: one only

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	Barbatia pernoides (240593)