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Praecardioidea

Bivalvia - Cyrtodontida

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1884Praecardiacea Hoernes
1884Praecardioidea Hoernes
1965Praecardiacea Newell p. 17
1980Praecardiacea Vokes p. 8
2006Praecardioidea Jagt-Yazykova et al. p. 716
2007Praecardioidea Kříž p. 1361
2009Praecardioidea Nevesskaja
2010Praecardioidea Bouchet et al.
2011Praecardioidea Carter et al. p. 7

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
RankNameAuthor
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
—OstreomorphiFerussac 1822
—ArcioniGray 1854
orderCyrtodontidaScarlato and Starobogatov 1971
suborderPraecardiidina()
—PraecardioideiNewell 1965
superfamilyPraecardioideaHoernes 1884
superfamilyPraecardioideaHoernes 1884

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Praecardioidea Hoernes 1884
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Fm. †Buchiolidae Grimm 1998
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G. †Buchiola Barrande 1881
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Subg. †Buchiola (Buchiola) Barrande 1881
†Buchiola retrostriata von Buch 1832
†Cardiola retrostriata acuticosta Sandberger and Sandberger 1854
G. †Costacutia Grimm 2000
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†Costacutia acuticosta Sandberger and Sandberger 1854
Invalid names: Acuticosta Grimm 1998 [replaced]
G. †Disarnella Kříž 2004
G. †Glyptohallicardia Grimm 1998
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†Glyptohallicardia mucronata Beushausen 1895
†Glyptohallicardia multicostata Jagt-Yazykova et al. 2006
†Glyptohallicardia palmata Goldfuss 1837
G. †Levibuchiola Grimm 1998
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†Levibuchiola digitata Roemer 1850
†Levibuchiola kaisini Maillieux 1936
†Levibuchiola semiimpressa Drevermann 1901
G. †Planocardia Grimm 1998
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†Planocardia tenuicosta Sandberger and Sandberger 1854
G. †Porsugenia Grimm 1998
Fm. Palaeocardiidae Scarlato and Starobogatov 1979
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G. †Palaeocardia Hall 1865
Fm. †Praecardiidae Hoernes 1884
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Subfm. †Cardiolinae Fischer 1886
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G. †Euthydesma Hall 1885
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†Euthydesma beyrichi Holzapfel 1882
†Euthydesma subtextile Hall 1843
G. †Opisthocoelus Beushausen 1895
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†Opisthocoelus ausavensis Steininger 1853
†Opisthocoelus concentricus Beushausen 1895
Subfm. †Dexiobiinae Newell and LaRocque 1969
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G. †Dexiobia Winchell 1863
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†Dexiobia varicostata Branson 1938
†Dexiobia whitei Winchell 1863
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Invalid names: Dexiobia ovata Hall 1858 [replaced]
G. †Oracardia Herrick 1888
G. †Fentounia Liu 1983
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G. †Kralovna Barrande 1881
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†Kralovna bohemica Barrande 1881
G. †Manulicula Kríž 1967
G. †Mucopraeca Nagel-Myers et al. 2008
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†Mucopraeca multicostata Clarke 1904
Subfm. †Praecardiinae Hörnes 1884
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G. †Gibbopleura Barrande 1881
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†Gibbopleura recumbens Ruzicka and Prantl 1960
G. †Glyptocardia Hall 1885
G. †Pantata Barrande 1881
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†Pantata regens Ruzicka and Prantl 1960
G. †Paraptyx Clarke 1904
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†Paraptyx ontario Clarke 1904
G. †Pararca Hall 1885
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†Pararca venusta Miller 1889
G. †Praelima Barrande 1881
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†Praelima proaeca Ruzicka and Prantl 1960
G. †Praecardium Barrande 1881
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Invalid names: Barcinia Suner and Coma 1959 [synonym], Joachymcardium Ruzicka and Prantl 1960 [synonym], Nevesta Barrande 1881 [synonym], Pater Barrande 1881 [synonym], Pleurodonta Conrath 1887 [synonym], Puella Barrande 1881 [synonym], Regina Barrande 1881 [synonym], Silurocardium Meymerie 1878 [nomen oblitum]
G. †Pseudocostatoria Sinitsyna 1986
G. †Telycardia Kříž 2005
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†Telycardia malinka Kříž 2005
G. †Tewoella Ding and Li 1987
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†Tewoella xiawunaensis Ding and Li 1987
G. †Vetupraeca Nagel-Myers et al. 2008
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†Vetupraeca clymeniae Beushausen 1895
†Vetupraeca duplicata Münster 1840
†Vetupraeca melletes Clarke 1904
†Vetupraeca vetusta Hall 1843
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Invalid names: Cardiola nehdensis Kayser 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Deltacardium Nägel 2006 [replaced]
Invalid names: Neklaniidae Scarlato and Starobogatov 1979 [synonym], Pararcidae Ulrich 1894 [synonym]
Invalid names: Praecardiacea Hoernes 1884 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobilesubc
Life habit: epifaunalsubc
Diet: suspension feedersubc
Vision: blindc
Created: 2014-02-09 11:13:23
Modified: 2014-02-09 11:13:23
Source: subc = subclass, c = class
References: Eaton 1871, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Zahorany to the top of the Kinderhookian or 459.30000 to 351.90000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 443.1 Ma

Collections (129 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Zahorany - Late/Upper Ordovician459.3 - 443.1Czechia Neklania sp. (3866)
Telychian438.6 - 432.9Spain (Guadalajara) Telycardia malinka (85119)
Jaani433.5 - 431.2Estonia (Saare) Praecardium striatum (195595)
Sheinwoodian432.9 - 430.6USA (Wisconsin) Palaeocardia cordiiformis (13069 13075)
Wenlock432.9 - 426.7China (Sichuan) Praecardium ovatum (27762 27763)
Wenlock432.9 - 426.7China (Jiangsu) Fentounia helicorostrata (200827)
Wenlock - Silurian432.9 - 419.62USA (Wisconsin) Palaeocardia cordiiformis (13107)
Homerian430.6 - 426.7Czechia Manulicula manulia (14077)
Gorstian426.7 - 425.0Czechia Manulicula manulia (14063 14160)
Gorstian426.7 - 425.0Italy (Sardinia) Manulicula manulia (26178)
Ludlow426.7 - 422.7United Kingdom (England) Buchiola sp. (482)
Ludlow426.7 - 422.7United Kingdom (Wales) Buchiola sp. (484)
Ludlow426.7 - 422.7China (Yunnan) Praecardium distans (27796)
Ludfordian425.0 - 422.7Czechia Praecardium sp. (14162)
Ludfordian425.0 - 422.7Austria Praecardium sp. (14163)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Poland Praecardium adolescens, Praecardium numa (23027 23032)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Morocco Praecardium tranquillum (27336)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Czechia Praecardium sp. (13894 14168 14183 232620) Praecardium spp. (14039 14040 14041 14076 14080)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62Italy (Sardinia) Praecardium massolei, Praecardium adolescens, Praecardium sp. (26183)
Pridoli - Helderbergian422.7 - 393.47Italy (Sardinia) Praecardium sp. (26165)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Czechia Neklania sp. (14121 14187 14188 14189 231818)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02Morocco Neklania insignis, Neklania explanata, Neklania resecta (13936) Neklania resecta (233195)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.62 - 410.62Canada (Northwest Territories and Yukon) Praecardiorda indet. (592)
Devonian - Eifelian419.62 - 387.95Czechia Pantata sp. (10470)
Early/Lower Devonian - Eifelian419.62 - 387.95Czechia Kralovna indet. (12148)
Lochkovian - Middle Devonian419.62 - 382.31Czechia Neklania indet. (10314)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62Czechia Kralovna indet. (12104)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62Czechia (Praha) Kralovna sp. (235199)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Germany (Gemuenden) Buchiola sp., Puella sp. (26903)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Germany Buchiola sp. (26904) Praecardium sp. (74301)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47China (Gansu) Tewoella xiawunaensis (200828)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47South Africa Buchiola subpalmata (35578 35581 35589)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Canada (Nunavut) Praecardium sp. (170992)
Emsian - Eifelian410.62 - 387.95Brazil (Piaui) Praecardium sp. (37128)
Late/Upper Emsian399.5 - 393.47Spain (Aragon) Buchiola sp. (40408 40418)
Late/Upper Emsian - Eifelian399.5 - 387.95China (Guangxi) Buchiola sp., Buchiola misera (25756)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Spain (Aragon) Buchiola sp. (278927)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Germany (Lower Saxony) Cardiola digitata (275558) Levibuchiola digitata (275559)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95USA (Maryland) Euthydesma sp. (611)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Czechia (Barrandia) Buchiola indet. (12041)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Spain (Palencia) Buchiola sp. (40353 40354)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Germany Buchiola aquarum (127762) Buchiola sp. (616)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Czechia (Moravia) Buchiola ruppachensis, Buchiola digitata (25063)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31USA (New York) Buchiola retrostriata (9380 9492) Buchiola sp. (9359 9364 89664) Glyptocardia speciosa (89886 89892 90866) Praecardium sp. (9490 9491 9495 9496 9497) Praecardium sp., Buchiola retrostriata (9498 9499)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31Czechia Buchiola indet. (12053)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31USA (Ohio) Glyptocardia speciosa (76557 76565)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31Canada (Northwest Territories and Yukon) Buchiola sp. (625 658)
Givetian - Frasnian387.95 - 372.15Spain (Palencia) Buchiola sp. (40356)
Givetian - Frasnian387.95 - 372.15China (Hunan) Praecardium sp. (233242)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31USA (Nevada) Buchiola sp, Praecardium sp. (278048)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Puella sp. (82561)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0Germany (Hesse) Buchiola trijugata, Buchiola sagittaria, Cardiola retrostriata, Cardiola retrostriata, Glyptohallicardia mucronata (275552)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0Poland Glyptohallicardia ferruginea, Glyptohallicardia conversa, Glyptohallicardia multicostata, Glyptohallicardia palmata (73157)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15China (Xinjiang) Buchiola junggarensis (275557)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Spain (Aragon) Buchiola palmata (40498) Buchiola sp. (40447 40448 40449)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15USA (New York) Lunulicardium transversale (55168)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Germany Buchiola sp. (145664 227981 227982) Buchiolidae indet. (227980) Opisthocoelus concentricus, Cardium ausavense (135671)
Frasnian - Famennian382.31 - 358.86Germany Buchiolidae indet. (227979)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15France (Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes) Buchiola kaisini (275561)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) Buchiola sp. (236363)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Germany Buchiola semiimpressa (235211)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15France (Alsace) Buchiola sp., Buchiola angulifera (38675)
Late/Upper Frasnian - Early/Lower Famennian375.2 - 368.5USA (New York) Astarte subtextilis (233188)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Germany (Sauerland) Opisthocoelus div. sp., Glyptohallicardia palmata, Vetupraeca duplicata, Vetupraeca clymeniae, Vetupraeca vetusta, Levibuchiola semiimpressa (235126)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Germany (Bayern) Cardiola duplicata (84620)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Germany (Rhenish Massif) Buchiola postuma, Praecardium vetustum, Praecardium clymeniae, Euthydesma beyrichi, Buchiola palmata (5960)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5USA (New York) Cardium vetustum (84619) Praecardium duplicatum (84652) Praecardium vetustum (84700 84701) Praecardium vetustum, Praecardium multicostatum (84629)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Opisthocoelus concentricus, Buchiola retrostriata, Buchiola palmata (235121)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Germany (Wenden) Buchiola sp. (645)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Buchiola sp. (38325 38327)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Germany Buchiola sp. (667)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Poland Buchiola sp. (134803)
Kinderhookian358.86 - 351.9USA (Iowa) Dexiobia halli, Dexiobia whitei (232756)
Kinderhookian358.86 - 351.9USA (Missouri) Dexiobia chouteauensis (232759) Dexiobia whitei (147937 232757)
Kinderhookian - Osagean358.86 - 342.9USA (Missouri) Dexiobia varicostata (232758)