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Xenophoridae (carrier shell)

Gastropoda - Xenophoridae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1852Xenophoridae Troschel
1904Xenophoridae Martin p. 251
1947Xenophoridae Harris and Palmer p. 258
1983Xenophoridae Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 101
1984Xenophoridae Squires p. 21
1988Xenophoridae Ponder and Warén p. 300
1988Xenophoridae Squires p. 11
1998Xenophoridae Beesley p. 776
2001Xenophoridae Harzhauser and Mandic p. 699
2001Xenophoridae Squires and Saul p. 52
2001Xenophoridae Todd
2001Xenophoridae Wienrich p. 420
2004Xenophoridae Harzhauser p. 130
2005Xenophoridae Bouchet et al. p. 253
2007Xenophoridae Harzhauser p. 104
2010Xenophoridae Landau and Marques da Silva p. 32
2017Xenophoridae Bouchet et al. p. 348

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
RankNameAuthor
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superorderLatrogastropodaRiedel 2000
superfamilyXenophoroideaTroschel 1852
familyXenophoridaeTroschel 1852
familyXenophoridaeTroschel 1852

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Xenophoridae Troschel 1852 [carrier shell]
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G. †Acanthoxenophora Perrilliat and Vega 2001
+
†Acanthoxenophora sinuosa Perrilliat and Vega 2001
G. Austrophora Kreipl et al. 1999
G. †Endoptygma Gabb 1876
+
†Endoptygma umbilicata Tourney 1854
†Xenophora (Endoptygma) hermax Squires and Saul 2001
G. †Onustus Swainson 1840
+
Onustus borsoni Sismonda 1847
Onustus indicus Gmelin 1791
Invalid names: Trochotugurium Sacco 1896 [synonym], Tugurium Fischer 1880 [synonym], Xenophora (Trochotugurium) Sacco 1896 [synonym]
G. Stellaria Schmidt 1832
+
Stellaria chinensis Philippi 1841
†Stellaria kriegerbartholdi Nielsen and DeVries 2002
Stellaria solaris Linné 1764
†Stellaria subextensa d'Orbigny 1852
†Stellaria testigera Bronn 1831
Invalid names: Haliphoebus Kiener 1879 [synonym]
G. Xenophora Fischer von Waldheim 1807
+
Subg. Xenophora (Xenophora) Fischer von Waldheim 1807
+
Xenophora agglutinans Lamarck 1804
†Xenophora carditigera Nielsen and DeVries 2002
+
Invalid names: Xenophora laevigata Fischer von Waldheim 1807 [synonym]
Xenophora crispa König 1825
†Xenophora cummulans Brongniart 1823
†Xenophora delecta Guppy 1876
†Xenophora deshayesi Michelotti 1847
†Xenophora eocenica Abbass 1967
†Xenophora floridana Mansfield 1930
†Xenophora hawleyi Loel and Corey 1932
†Xenophora humilis Conrad 1848
Xenophora konai Habe 1953
†Xenophora onusta Nilsson 1827
†Xenophora palaeoafra Gliozzi and Malatesta 1983
†Xenophora paulinae Nielsen and DeVries 2002
Xenophora robusta Verrill 1870
†Xenophora rugata Abbass 1967
†Xenophora simiensis Nelson 1925
†Xenophora stocki Dickerson 1916
†Xenophora tatei Harris 1897
†Xenophora terpstrai Dey 1961
†Xenophora textilina Dall 1892
†Xenophora willisi Webster 1983
†Xenophora zitteli Weaver 1905
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: grazerf
Vision: limitedc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: Grazer on fine-grained substrates according to Todd (2001).f
Created: 2009-09-10 08:06:03
Modified: 2009-09-10 10:06:03
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aalenian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 174.70000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 170.9 Ma

Collections (516 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Aalenian174.7 - 170.9United Kingdom (Yorkshire) Onustus pyramidatus (220494)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Germany Haliphoebus sp. (66779)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8Cameroon Xenophora sp. (209694)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (New Mexico) Xenophora simpsoni (88641)
Late/Upper Coniacian89.8 - 85.7USA (Montana) Xenophora sp. (89500)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6Austria Xenophora plicata (177758)
Middle Santonian85.7 - 83.6Germany Acanthoxenophora sinuosa (196660)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2Brazil (Pernambuco) Xenophora vasconcellosi (179815) Xenophora vascondellosi (180661)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Delaware) Xenophora sp. (6127 6135 6139)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (New Jersey) Xenophora leprosa (88610)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Mississippi) Xenophora leprosa (7456 7459 32139 32140)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Texas) Xenophora sp. (7513)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Poland Xenophora onusta (28088)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Delaware) Xenophora leprosa (6170 6171 6172 6175)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (California) Xenophora hermax (177879 177881)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Tennessee) Xenophora leprosa (88357)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2France (Landes) Xenophora onusta (213792 213793 213794 213877 213884 214046)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (New Jersey) Xenophora leprosa (3883)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (California) Xenophora hermax (177880)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Xenophora leprosa (7515)