PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Cyprinidae

Actinopteri - Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae

Taxonomy

Cyprinidae was named by Rafinesque (1815). It is extant.

It was assigned to Teleostei by Leidy (1873); to Actinopterygii by Woodward (1901); to Plectospondyli by Hay (1902); to Eventognathi by Jordan (1963); to Cypriniformes by Mors et al. (2000), Seymour (2004), Böhme (2008), Böhme (2010), Fierstine et al. (2012), Betancur et al. (2013); and to Cyprinoidea by Nelson et al. (2016).

Subtaxa

Acheilognathinae, Acrocheilus, Alisodon, Amblypharyngodon, Amyzon, Aspius, Barbinae, Barbus, Cultrinae, Cyprininae, Cyprinion, Cyprinus, Danioninae, Ecocarpia, Esox destructus, Gila, Gobio, Gobioninae, Hexapsephus, Idadon, Iquius, Labeoninae, Lavinia, Leuciscinae, Leuciscus (syn. Squalius, Oligobelus), Mylocyprinus, Nemachilus, Opsariichthyinae, Orthodon, Palaeoleuciscus, Palaeotinca, Phoxininae, Planktophaga, Protothymallus (syn. Varhostichthys), Ptychocheilus, Puntius, Rhodeus, Siphateles, Squaliobarbinae, Thynichthys, Tinca, Tincinae, Xenocyprinae

Synonyms

Esox destructus was named by Laube (1901).

It was considered a nomen vanum by Gaudant (1996).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1815	Cyprinidae Rafinesque
1873	Cyprinidae Leidy p. 348
1901	Esox destructus Laube
1901	Cyprinidae Woodward p. 299
1902	Cyprinidae Hay p. 394
1963	Cyprinidae Jordan p. 639
2000	Cyprinidae Mors et al. p. 151
2004	Cyprinidae Seymour
2008	Cyprinidae Böhme p. 163
2010	Cyprinidae Böhme p. 6
2012	Cyprinidae Fierstine et al. p. 34
2013	Cyprinidae Betancur et al.
2016	Cyprinidae Nelson et al. p. 180

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
superclass	Actinopterygii	()
class	Actinopteri	()
subclass	Neopterygii	(Regan 1923)

Rank	Name	Author
—	Teleosteomorpha
—	Teleostei	(Müller 1846)
—	Teleocephala	de Pinna 1996
—	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
—	Otocephala
superorder	Ostariophysi	Jordan and Evermann 1896
—	Otophysi
superorder	Cyprinae
order	Cypriniformes	Bleeker 1859
family	Cyprinidae	Rafinesque 1815
family	Cyprinidae	Rafinesque 1815

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Cyprinidae Rafinesque 1815

show all | hide all

G. Acrocheilus Agassiz 1855

†Acrocheilus latus Cope 1870

Invalid names: Diastichus macrodon Cope 1870 [synonym]

G. †Alisodon Hay 1920

†Alisodon mirus Hay 1920

G. †Amblypharyngodon Bleeker 1860

G. †Amyzon Cope 1872

†Amyzon brevipinne Cope 1893

†Amyzon commune Cope 1874

†Amyzon fusiforme Cope 1875

†Amyzon gosiutensis Grande et al. 1982

†Amyzon mentale Cope 1872

†Amyzon pandatum Cope 1875

G. Aspius Agassiz 1832

†Aspius brongniarti Agassiz 1835

†Aspius ecnomi Sauvage 1870

†Aspius gracilis Agassiz 1835

G. Barbus Cuvier and Cloquet 1816

Barbus altianalis Boulenger 1900 [ripon barbel]

Barbus barbus Linnaeus 1758

Barbus bynni Forsskål 1775 [binny]

Subfm. Cyprininae Bonaparte 1840

G. †Aphelichthys Cope 1893

†Aphelichthys lindahlii Cope 1893

G. †Diastichus Cope 1870

†Diastichus parvidens Cope 1870

†Diastichus strangulatus Cope 1870

G. Notropis Rafinesque 1818

†Notropis angustarcus Cope 1877

G. †Palaeocarassius Obrhelová 1970

G. Rutilus Rafinesque 1820

†Rutilus altarcus Cope 1877

†Rutilus condonianus Cope 1883

†Rutilus gibbarcus Cope 1877

Invalid names: Anchybopsis Cope 1870 [synonym]

G. Cyprinion Heckel 1843

Cyprinion macrostomum Heckel 1843

G. Cyprinus Linnaeus 1758

G. †Ecocarpia Chen et al. 2005

†Ecocarpia ningmingensis Chen et al. 2005

G. †Gila Baird and Girard 1853

†Gila coerulea Girard 1856

†Gila milleri Smith 1975

G. †Gobio Cuvier 1817

†Gobio analis Agassiz 1835

G. †Hexapsephus Gunther 1876

†Hexapsephus guentheri Woodward 1901

G. †Idadon Smith 1975

†Idadon condonianus Smith 1975

†Idadon hibbardi Smith 1975

G. †Iquius Jordan 1919

†Iquius nipponicus Jordan 1919

Subfm. Labeoninae Chen 1984

Tr. Garraini Reid 1982

G. Garra Hamilton 1822

G. †Lavinia Girard 1845

G. †Leuciscus Cuvier 1817

Subg. †Leuciscus (Scardinius) Sauvage 1873

†Leuciscus (Scardinius) dumerilii Sauvage 1870

†Leuciscus (Scardinius) sicanus Sauvage 1873

Subg. Leuciscus (Squalius) Bonaparte 1837

†Leuciscus arciferus Cope 1870

†Leuciscus bairdii Cope 1870

†Leuciscus brevis Agassiz 1839

†Leuciscus cephalon Zenker 1833

†Leuciscus gracilis Agassiz 1839

†Leuciscus hartmanni Agassiz 1839

†Leuciscus heterurus Agassiz 1832

†Leuciscus laminatus Cope 1870

†Leuciscus latiusculus Agassiz 1839

†Leuciscus leptus Agassiz 1832

†Leuciscus oeningensis Agassiz 1832

†Leuciscus poeticus Cope 1870

†Leuciscus pusillus Agassiz 1835

†Leuciscus reddingi Cope 1883

†Leuciscus turneri Lucas 1900

Invalid names: Oligobelus Cope 1870 [synonym], Squalius Bonaparte 1837 [synonym]

G. †Mylocyprinus Leidy 1870

†Mylocyprinus inflexus Cope 1883

†Mylocyprinus robustus Leidy 1870

G. Nemachilus Günther 1868

G. Orthodon Girard 1856

†Orthodon condamyi Coquand 1859

†Orthodon hadrognathus Smith 1975

G. †Palaeoleuciscus Obrhelová 1969

†Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) soccoloviensis Obrhelova 1969

†Palaeoleuciscus chartaceus Laube 1905

G. †Palaeotinca Obrhelová 1969

†Palaeotinca egeriana Obrhelová 1969

Subfm. Phoxininae

G. †Palaeorutilus Gaudant 1988

†Palaeorutilus medius Reuss 1844

Invalid names: Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) luzicensis Obrhelovd 1969 [synonym]

†Palaeorutilus papyraceus Bronn 1828

G. †Planktophaga Böhme et al. 2013

†Planktophaga minuta Böhme et al. 2013

G. †Protothymallus Laube 1901

†Protothymallus elongata Kramberger 1884

Invalid names: Varhostichthys Obrhelová 1969 [synonym]

G. †Ptychocheilus Agassiz 1855

†Ptychocheilus arciferus Cope 1870

G. Puntius Hamilton 1822

G. †Rhodeus Agassiz 1832

†Rhodeus elongatus Agassiz 1835

†Rhodeus latior Agassiz 1835

G. †Siphateles Cope 1883

†Siphateles bicolor Girard 1856

†Siphateles mohavensis Snyder 1918

G. †Thynichthys Bleeker 1860

G. †Tinca Cuvier 1817

†Tinca furcata Agassiz 1832

†Tinca leptosoma Agassiz 1832

†Tinca micropygoptera Agassiz 1839

Subfm. Tincinae

G. †Tarsichthys Troschel 1854

†Tarsichthys macrurus Agassiz 1839

Invalid names: Tinca tarsiger Troschel 1854 [synonym]

Invalid names: Acheilognathinae [empty], Barbinae [empty], Cultrinae [empty], Danioninae [empty], Esox destructus Laube 1901 [nomen vanum], Gobioninae Bleeker 1863 [empty], Leuciscinae Howes 1991 [empty], Opsariichthyinae [empty], Squaliobarbinae [empty], Xenocyprinae [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

freshwatero

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

nektonico

Diet:

omnivoreo

Created:

2009-07-20 20:40:14

Modified:

2017-04-17 10:32:02

Source: o = order, subp = subphylum

References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tithonian to the top of the Holocene or 149.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 143.1 Ma

Collections (216 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Tithonian	149.2 - 143.1	Greenland	Cyprinidae indet. (1212 1214)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Canada (British Columbia)	Amyzon brevipinne (144348 204404)
Eocene	56.0 - 33.9	Canada (British Columbia)	Amyzon sp. (32896)
Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene	56.0 - 27.3	USA (Oregon)	Amyzon sp. (227073)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	USA (Wyoming)	Amyzon gosiutensis (192667 192668)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	USA (Washington)	Amyzon sp. (189961)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	Pakistan (North-West Frontier)	Cyprinidae indet. (28978)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	Canada (British Columbia)	Amyzon sp. (189959)
Lutetian - Bartonian	48.07 - 37.71	China (Guangdong)	Cyprinus maomingensis (167230)
Bartonian - Late/Upper Eocene	41.03 - 33.9	Vietnam (Lang Son)	Planktophaga minuta, Barbinae indet., Xenocyprinae indet., Cultrinae indet., Acheilognathidae indet. (169422)
Bartonian - Priabonian	41.03 - 33.9	Vietnam (Lang Son)	Barbinae indet. (169420)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	China (Guangdong)	Cyprinus maomingensis (144065)
MP 21	33.9 - 27.3	Czech Republic	Leuciscus colei, Leuciscus stephani, Leuciscus brevis (184466)
MP 23	33.9 - 27.3	Switzerland (Canton Jura)	Leuciscus sp. (183544)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Romania	Barbus sp., Scardinius sp. (50344)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	China (Guangxi)	Ecocarpia ningmingensis (118175)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	USA (Montana)	Amyzon sp. (23793)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	Czech Republic (Tschechien)	Cyprinidae indet. (185664)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	France (Bouches-Du-Rhone)	Palaeotinca sp., Tarsichthys sp., Tarsichthys macrurus, Protothymallus sp., Varhostichthys sp. (113682)
Late/Upper Oligocene	27.3 - 23.04	Kazakhstan (Aktyubinsk)	Cyprinidae indet. (175920)