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Taxonomy
Larkinia was named by Reinhart (1935) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 1112]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Arca (Larkinia) by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941); it was reranked as Anadara (Larkinia) by Reinhart (1943), da Silva Forti (1969), Coan et al. (2000), Todd (2001).
It was assigned to Arca by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941); to Anadarinae by Vokes (1980), Moore (1983); to Anadara by Reinhart (1943), da Silva Forti (1969), Coan et al. (2000), Todd (2001); and to Arcoida by Sepkoski (2002).
It was reranked as Arca (Larkinia) by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941); it was reranked as Anadara (Larkinia) by Reinhart (1943), da Silva Forti (1969), Coan et al. (2000), Todd (2001).
It was assigned to Arca by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941); to Anadarinae by Vokes (1980), Moore (1983); to Anadara by Reinhart (1943), da Silva Forti (1969), Coan et al. (2000), Todd (2001); and to Arcoida by Sepkoski (2002).
Subtaxa
Species lacking formal opinion data
Anadara abdita, Anadara actinophora, Anadara actinophora, Anadara aequalis, Anadara aequlitas, Anadara agnastha, Anadara alargada, Anadara amicula, Anadara amicula, Anadara andoi, Anadara aquitanica, Anadara arata, Anadara australis, Anadara balboae, Anadara balboai, Anadara bonneti, Anadara burnesi, Anadara burnesi, Anadara caboblanquensis, Anadara cardiiformis, Anadara castellata, Anadara castellata, Anadara catasarca, Anadara chavezi, Anadara chavezi, Anadara chichibuensis, Anadara chilensis, Anadara chiriquensis, Anadara chiriquensis, Anadara chiriquiensis, Anadara cistula, Anadara clathrata, Anadara cornea, Anadara craticulata, Anadara cumanensis, Anadara cumanensis, Anadara daitokudoensis, Anadara dameyi, Anadara dariensis, Anadara dariensis, Anadara darwini, Anadara delandensis, Anadara diluvi, Anadara diluvii, Anadara dolaticostata, Anadara egleri, Anadara egleri, Anadara ermanensis, Anadara eumeces, Anadara fichteli, Anadara fichtelii, Anadara filicata, Anadara filicata, Anadara fitcheli, Anadara fontinalis, Anadara globulosa, Anadara guajiraensis, Anadara guajiraensis, Anadara guajirensis, Anadara guembeli, Anadara gunteri, Anadara haidonata, Anadara halidonata, Anadara halidonta, Anadara hopkinsi, Anadara hypomela, Anadara hypomela, Anadara improcera, Anadara improcera, Anadara inflata, Anadara interclathrata, Anadara kakehataensis, Anadara kogachiensis, Anadara korfiensis, Anadara kroensis, Anadara larkini, Anadara latidentata, Anadara lienosa, Anadara lineolata, Anadara luzonica, Anadara makiyamai, Anadara mareana, Anadara megerata, Anadara megerata, Anadara microtera, Anadara microtera, Anadara mompiche, Anadara multiformis, Anadara natalensis, Anadara ninohensis, Anadara ninohensis, Anadara oceanica, Anadara ogawai, Anadara ommaensis, Anadara opthanta, Anadara pangkaensis, Anadara pectinata, Anadara pectinata, Anadara peethensis, Anadara pennelli, Anadara perplana, Anadara perplura, Anadara petersburgensis, Anadara philippiana, Anadara placata, Anadara pseudoantiquata, Anadara rectangularis, Anadara rubisiniana, Anadara sanctidavidis, Anadara scapha, Anadara sculptilis, Anadara sedanensis, Anadara setoensis, Anadara setoensis, Anadara strebla, Anadara strebla, Anadara subcrenata, Anadara submultiformis, Anadara subrostrata, Anadara suzukii, Anadara taiwanica, Anadara tarponensis, Anadara tazawensis, Anadara tectumcolumbae, Anadara tectumcolumbae, Anadara thalia, Anadara theobaldi, Anadara topangensis, Anadara topangensis, Anadara transversa, Anadara trapezia, Anadara tricenicosta, Anadara trilineata, Anadara tsudai, Anadara turonica, Anadara turoniensis, Anadara vaughani, Anadara veatchi, Anadara veatchi, Anadara veatchi, Anadara verbeeki, Anadara verbeeki, Anadara waltonia, Anadara waringi, Anadara watanabei, Anadara watanabei, Anadara wendti, Anadara wordeni, Arca aresta, Arca fennemai, Arca girondica, Arca gunteri, Arca idonea, Arca idonea, Arca improcera, Arca junghuhni, Arca larkini, Arca metastrebla, Arca montensis, Arca propearesta, Arca scapha, Arca subtijidamarensis, Arca toroensis, Arca toroensis, Arca uropygmelana, Larkinia rhombea
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1935 | Larkinia Reinhart |
| 1941 | Arca (Larkinia) Pilsbry and Olsson p. 9 |
| 1943 | Anadara (Larkinia) Reinhart p. 63 |
| 1969 | Anadara (Larkinia) da Silva Forti p. 67 |
| 1980 | Larkinia Vokes p. 14 |
| 1983 | Larkinia Moore p. A42 |
| 2000 | Anadara (Larkinia) Coan et al. p. 133 |
| 2001 | Anadara (Larkinia) Todd |
| 2002 | Larkinia Sepkoski |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subg. Anadara (Larkinia) Reinhart 1935
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Anadara (Larkinia) notabilis Röding 1798
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Invalid names: Arca auriculata Lamarck 1819 [synonym], Arca deshayesii Hanley 1843 [synonym]
†Anadara (Larkinia) sellardsi Mansfield 1932
Anadara (Larkinia) transversa Say 1822
†Arca grandis waringi Maury 1925
†Larkinia camuloensis Osmont 1904
Larkinia grandis Broderip and Sowerby 1829
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†Anadara (Grandiarca) grandis colombiensis Weisbord 1929
Invalid names: Arca quadrilatera Sowerby 1833 [synonym]
†Larkinia larkinii Nelson 1870
Larkinia multicostata Sowerby 1833 [many-ribbed ark]
†Larkinia santana weddlei Loel and Corey 1932
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, f = family | |||||
| References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Miocene to the top of the Holocene or 23.04000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.98 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.98 Ma
Collections (163 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Miocene | Peru (Tumbes) | Arca larkinii (59002) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | USA (New Jersey) | Arca transversa (92769) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Peru | Arca larkinii (93741 93748 93751 93757) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | USA (California) | Anadara santana (94850 94854 94859 94861 94866) Arca santana (71218 71219 71222 71223 71225 71226 71227 71228 71229 238261) | |
| Middle Miocene | Colombia (Atlantico) | Scapharca grandis (60678 60680 60683) | |
| Middle Miocene | Colombia (Bolivar) | Scapharca grandis (60685) | |
| Middle Miocene | Colombia | Anadara grandis (96502) | |
| Middle Miocene | Venezuela | Anadara grandis (96482) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Colombia | Anadara grandis (96500 96501 131219) Anadara grandis, Anadara notabilis (131220) Arca auriculata (88296) Arca grandis (97682) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Venezuela | Anadara grandis (96471) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Jamaica | Anadara grandis (96444) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Anadara multicostata (43841) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Colombia | Arca grandis (97686 97687 133227 133231) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | USA (California) | Arca multicostata (120822) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Venezuela (Sucre) | Anadara notabilis (41552) Anadara sp. (41555) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | Arca camuloensis (204367) Arca multicostata (204364) | |
| Pliocene | Mexico (Baja California) | Anadara multicostata (96587 96588) | |
| Pliocene | Pakistan | Larkinia rhombea (55398) | |
| Pliocene | Costa Rica | Arca auriculata (134673) | |
| Pliocene | Venezuela | Anadara grandis (96485) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Anadara chiriquiensis (41749) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | Anadara transversa (79708) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (California) | Anadara camuloensis (238435 238436 238437 238456 238457 238605 238606) Anadara multicostata (238615) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Venezuela | Anadara notabilis (131210 131217 131237 131363) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (Florida) | Anadara sellardsi (79761) Arca sellardsi (59484 123549) | |
| Piacenzian | Costa Rica | Arca auriculata (134676) | |
| Piacenzian - Gelasian | Ecuador (Manabi) | Arca larkini (51878) | |
| Gelasian | Ecuador (Manabi) | Arca larkini (51879) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Anadara transversa (60944) Arca transversa (92408) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Ecuador (Manabi) | Grandiarca grandis (48664 48665) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Peru | Anadara grandis (97649) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Anadara transversa (60899) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Panama | Arca antiquata (80304) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Anadara transversa (41501 61309 75001 75003) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Anadara transversa (66601 66603 66616 66617 66618 66621 66622) | |
| Pleistocene | Ecuador | Larkinia multicostata (62040) | |
| Pleistocene | Venezuela | Anadara notabilis (131267 131268) | |
| Pleistocene | Haiti | Scapharca deshayesi (60883) | |
| Pleistocene | Peru | Arca grandis (207003 207004 207005) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New York) | Anadara transversa (66377 66380) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Anadara transversa (7109) Arca transversa (7108) | |
| Pleistocene | Pakistan | Larkinia rhombea, Larkinia sp., Larkinia multicostata (55401) | |
| Pleistocene | Dominican Republic | Arca auriculata (75419 75422 75424) | |
| Quaternary | USA (California) | Anadara multicostata (37938) | |
| Calabrian | USA (Florida) | Anadara transversa (41705) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Anadara transversa (61310 67069) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Anadara multicostata (222954) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Arca transversa (92754) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Maryland) | Anadara transversa (66707 66719 66720 66721 71640) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (New York) | Anadara transversa (81751) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Anadara transversa (57702 57705 57706 69049 80132) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico (Sonora) | Anadara multicostata (44963) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico | Anadara multicostata (147802) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Arca multicostata (89597) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Massachusetts) | Arca transversa (61268 61269) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Anadara transversa (60923 60927 60928 60929 60930) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Georgia) | Anadara transversa (20604 20606) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Anadara multicostata (240612) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Anadara transversa (41715 41740 61311 69034 96538) Scapharca transversa (34269) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Anadara transversa (66742 66743 66744 66745 66746 66747 66748 66749 66750 66751 66752 66754 66763 69045 69047) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (New York) | Arca transversa (61270) | |
| Holocene | USA (Mississippi) | Anadara transversa (92523 92525) | |
| Holocene | Venezuela | Anadara notabilis (131223) | |
| Holocene | USA (Louisiana) | Anadara transversa (41935 92776) | |
| Holocene | Brazil | Anadara notabilis (72116 72120) Arca transversa, Anadara notabilis (72121) |