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Circulus

Gastropoda - Vitrinellidae

Taxonomy
Circulus was named by Jeffreys (1842) [Sepkoski's age data: T Than-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 794]. It is extant. Its type is Circulus duminyi.

It was reranked as Vitrinella (Circulus) by Maury (1917).

It was assigned to Vitrinella by Maury (1917); to Cyclostrematidae by Harris and Palmer (1947) and Gardner (1948); to Adeorbinae by Marquet (1997); to Adeorbiidae by Lozouet (1998); to Vitrinellidae by Gardner (1947), Todd (2001) and Wienrich (2001); and to Archaeogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1842Circulus Jeffreys
1917Vitrinella (Circulus) Maury p. 320
1947Circulus Gardner p. 598
1947Circulus Harris and Palmer p. 231
1948Circulus Gardner p. 189
1997Circulus Marquet p. 17
1998Circulus Lozouet p. 86
2001Circulus Todd
2001Circulus Wienrich p. 399
2002Circulus Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classGastropoda
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superfamilyTruncatelloideaGray 1840
familyVitrinellidaeBush 1897
genusCirculusJeffreys 1842

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Circulus Jeffreys 1842
show all | hide all
Circulus duminyi Requiem 1842
†Circulus enaulus Lozouet 1998
†Circulus estotensis Lozouet 1998
†Circulus hennei Glibert 1952
Circulus liratus Verrill 1882
†Circulus occidentalis Pilsbry and Olsson 1941
†Circulus ottonius Harris and Palmer 1947
†Circulus paulensis Lozouet 1998
†Circulus rakhiensis Eames 1952
†Circulus striatus Philippi 1836
†Circulus supranitidus Wood 1842
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: epifaunalc
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-09-10 07:56:06
Modified: 2009-09-10 09:56:06
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Maastrichtian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 72.10000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma

Collections (103 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Texas) C. sp. (205541)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Denmark C. sp. 1, C. sp. 2 (176994)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (Maryland) C. form A (83135)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Belgium C. simplex (3118) C. tenuiliratus, C. simplex, C. montensis (22931)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Germany C. simplex (3114)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2Greenland C. sp. (22944)
Thanetian - Ypresian59.2 - 47.8Australia (Victoria) C. sp. (85124)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) C. similis (8104)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6United Kingdom (England) C. similis (8105)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Texas) C. sp. (205532)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0USA (Alabama) C. sotoensis (205420)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Pakistan C. rakhiensis (8676)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Alabama) C. sotoensis, C. sp. (205489)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Texas) C. sotoensis (205483) C. sp. (205485)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) C. ottonius (90704 99632 117473 164232)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Australia (Western Australia) C. sp. (48441)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03France C. enaulus (74858) C. estotensis, C. paulensis (74857) C. estotensis, C. paulensis, C. enaulus (74860)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44France (Aquitaine) C. sigaretornuformis (74865)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44France C. sigaretornuformis (74859 74866) C. subcirculus (74861)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Germany (North Rhein-Westfalia) C. dubius (62882)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Germany (North Rhein-Westfalia) C. hennei (62884)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Germany (North Rhein-Westfalia) C. hennei (62952 62964) C. praecedens (62932 62940) C. praecedens, C. partimstriatus (62903) C. praecedens, C. quadricarinatus, C. subcirculus, C. hennei (62899)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97France C. sigaretornuformis (74868)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Germany C. miobicarinatus, C. praecedens, C. subcirculus, C. hennei (111599)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Florida) C. anthera (42663) C. mitorraphes (42482) C. mitorraphes, C. anthera (42605) C. trilix (41760)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Netherlands C. praecedens, C. subcirculus (186884) C. praecedens, C. subcirculus, C. hennei (186883)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Germany (North Rhein-Westfalia) C. hennei (61900 61901 62867 62886 62892) C. praecedens (62880 62888) C. praecedens, C. hennei (61895 61905 62885 62887 62893) C. praecedens, C. partimstriatus (61907) C. praecedens, C. partimstriatus, C. hennei (61896 61898 61903 61904) C. praecedens, C. subcirculus, C. partimstriatus, C. hennei (61897) C. subcirculus, C. hennei (61906) C. subcirculus, C. partimstriatus, C. praecedens, C. hennei (61902)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Indonesia C. sp. (70164 70170 70172 70173 70174 70176 70177 70184 70186)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Florida) C. mitorraphes, C. anthera (42870) C. trilix (42886 43024)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Denmark C. hennei (98312)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama (Darien) C. sp. (136122)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Belgium C. hennei (77869) C. subcirculus (77863 77868)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Dominican Republic C. striata (58817)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Argentina (Chubut) C. pardelensis (42149)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Greece (Rhodes) C. sp. (122994)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Venezuela (Sucre) C. duracinus (41543)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Costa Rica C. sp. (66795)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Belgium C. striatus (76982)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (North Carolina) C. orbignyi (59307)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Jamaica C. bicarinatus (69094) C. bicarinatus, C. patulus (58522) C. pertulus (69090)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Florida) C. gunteri (59484)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Belgium C. supranitidus (76983)
Piacenzian - Gelasian3.6 - 1.806Ecuador (Manabi) C. occidentalis (51878)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Ecuador (Manabi) C. sp., C. occidentalis (48664 48665)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Costa Rica C. occidentalis (66777) C. sp. (66778)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (North Carolina) C. orbignyi (59318)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Costa Rica (Limon) C. sp. (79845)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Morocco C. striatus (127636)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117French Polynesia C. sp. (194003)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) C. liratus (57705)