PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Syracosphaerales

Coccolithophyceae - Syracosphaerales

Taxonomy

Syracosphaerales was named by Hay (1977).

It was assigned to Prymnesiophyceae by Young et al. (2003).

Subtaxa

Calciosoleniaceae, Rhabdosphaeraceae, Syracosphaeraceae, Umbellosphaeraceae

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1977	Syracosphaerales Hay
2003	Syracosphaerales Young et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
—	Life
—	Eukaryota	()
—	Chromalveolata
phylum	Haptophyta	Hibberd ex Cavalier-Smith 1986

Rank	Name	Author
class	Coccolithophyceae
order	Syracosphaerales	Hay 1977
order	Syracosphaerales	Hay 1977

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Syracosphaerales Hay 1977

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Fm. Calciosoleniaceae Kamptner 1927

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G. †Calciosolenia Gran 1912

†Calciosolenia fossilis Deflandre 1954

Invalid names: Scapholithus Deflandre 1954 [synonym]

Fm. Rhabdosphaeraceae Haeckel 1894

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G. Acanthoica Lohmann 1903

G. Algirosphaera Schlauder 1945

G. †Blackites Hay and Towe 1962

G. Discosphaera Haeckel 1894

G. Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus Wise 1976

G. Rhabdosphaera Haeckel 1894

Fm. Umbellosphaeraceae Young et al. 2003

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G. Umbellosphaera Paasche 1955

Invalid names: Syracosphaeraceae Lohmann 1902 [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Environment:

oceanic, oligotrophic, marine, brackishp

Locomotion:

passively mobilep

Life habit:

planktonicp

Depth habitat:

surfacep

Diet:

"photoautotroph"p

Created:

2006-10-31 06:24:05

Modified:

2006-10-31 08:24:05

Source: p = phylum

Reference: Kiessling 2003

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the CC26 to the top of the Holocene or 67.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma

Collections (1464 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
CC26	67.8 - 66.0	Indian Ocean	Blackites creber (247007)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Argentina (Rio Negro)	Acanthoica sp. (240435 240436)
Danian - Selandian	66.0 - 59.24	North Atlantic	Blackites tenuis (266463)
Paleocene	66.0 - 56.0	North Atlantic	Blackites tenuis (266419 266422)
Paleogene	66.0 - 23.04	South Pacific	Rhabdosphaera clavigera (266441)
Cenozoic	66.0 - 0.0	South Pacific	Rhabdosphaera clavigera (263071 263072)
Cenozoic	66.0 - 0.0	Indian Ocean	Calciosolenia fossilis (252601)
Selandian	61.66 - 59.24	North Atlantic	Discosphaera tubifera (267984 267985 267987 267989 267990 267991)
Selandian	61.66 - 59.24	Tanzania (Lindi)	Calciosolenia spp. (179310)
Selandian - Thanetian	61.66 - 56.0	North Atlantic	Blackites tenuis (266460 266462) Calciosolenia aperta (267071)
Thanetian - Ypresian	59.24 - 48.07	North Atlantic	Blackites tenuis (266457)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	North Atlantic	Blackites herculesii (267061) Blackites inflatus (266447) Blackites spinosus (267060) Calciosolenia brasiliensis (267978) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus (261747 261748 261750 263828 266444) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus, Blackites spinosus (266445)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	South Pacific	Blackites inflatus (254502)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.03	South Pacific	Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus (254480 254495 254496) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus, Blackites inflatus (254497 254498)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.03	North Atlantic	Calciosolenia brasiliensis (266045 266046 266047 266048) Calciosolenia brasiliensis, Umbellosphaera irregularis (266043 266044) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus (261745 267055)
Eocene	56.0 - 33.9	Indian Ocean	Blackites inflatus (250502 254876)
Eocene	56.0 - 33.9	North Atlantic	Blackites gladius (260567) Blackites tenuis (260560 260561 260562 260563 260564 260565 260566)
Eocene	56.0 - 33.9	South Pacific	Blackites sp. (273093 273094) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus (249192)
Eocene - Oligocene	56.0 - 23.04	South Pacific	Blackites sp. (273091)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	North Pacific	Blackites amplus, Blackites spinosus, Blackites tenuis (244318 245720) Blackites spinosus, Blackites tenuis (245716 245718 245719) Blackites tenuis (243258 243261 243263 243264 243267 243268 243854 243855 244310 244311 244312 244314 244315 245713 245901 246403 246404 246405 246784 246867) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus (246868) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus, Blackites spinosus, Blackites tenuis (244316 244317) Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus inversus, Blackites tenuis, Blackites spinosus (246869)