PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Chiastozygaceae

Coccolithophyceae - Eiffellithales - Chiastozygaceae

Taxonomy

Chiastozygaceae was named by Rood et al. (1973).

It was assigned to Eiffellithales by Bown and Young (1997).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1973	Chiastozygaceae Rood et al.
1997	Chiastozygaceae Bown and Young

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Rank	Name	Author
—	Life
—	Eukaryota	()
—	Chromalveolata
phylum	Haptophyta	Hibberd ex Cavalier-Smith 1986

Rank	Name	Author
class	Coccolithophyceae
order	Eiffellithales	Rood et al. 1971
family	Chiastozygaceae	Rood et al. 1973
family	Chiastozygaceae	Rood et al. 1973

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Chiastozygaceae Rood et al. 1973

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G. †Ahmuellerella Reinhardt 1964

†Ahmuellerella octoradiata Górka 1957

†Ahmuellerella regularis Górka 1957

G. †Amphizygus Bukry 1969

†Amphizygus brooksii Bukry 1969

†Amphizygus minimus Bukry 1969

G. †Archaeozygodiscus Bown 1985

†Archaeozygodiscus koessenensis Bown 1985

G. †Bownia Varol and Girgis 1994

G. †Bukrylithus Black 1971

†Bukrylithus ambiguus Black 1971

G. †Chiastozygus Gartner 1968

†Chiastozygus amphipons Bramlette and Martini 1964

†Chiastozygus antiquus Perch-Nielsen 1973

†Chiastozygus bifarius Bukry 1969

†Chiastozygus garrisonii Bukry 1969

†Chiastozygus litterarius Górka 1957

†Chiastozygus platyrhethus Hill 1976

†Chiastozygus propagulis Bukry 1969

†Chiastozygus quadriperforatus Gartner 1968

†Chiastozygus spissus Bergen 1998

†Chiastozygus stylesii Burnett 1998

†Chiastozygus synquadriperforatus Bukry 1969

†Chiastozygus tenuis Black 1971

†Chiastozygus trabalis Górka 1957

†Chiastozygus ultimus Perch-Nielsen 1981

G. †Clepsilithus Crux 1987

†Clepsilithus maculosus Rutledge and Bown 1996

†Clepsilithus meniscus de Kaenel and Bergen 1996

G. †Crepidolithus Noël 1965

†Crepidolithus crassus Deflandre 1954

†Crepidolithus granulatus Bown 1987

†Crepidolithus impontus Grün et al. 1974

†Crepidolithus parvulus de Kaenel and Bergen 1996

†Crepidolithus perforata Medd 1979

†Crepidolithus pliensbachensis Crux 1985

†Crepidolithus timorensis Krystan-Tollmann 1988

Invalid names: Millbrookia Medd 1979 [synonym], Timorhabdus Krystan-Tollmann 1988 [synonym]

G. †Diadorhombus Worsley 1971

†Diadorhombus rectus Worsley 1971

†Diadorhombus scutulatus Medd 1971

G. †Gorkaea Varol and Girgis 1994

†Gorkaea obliqueclausus Varol 1991

†Gorkaea operio Varol and Girgis 1984

†Gorkaea pseudanthophorus Bramlette and Martini 1964

G. †Heteromarginatus Bukry 1969

†Heteromarginatus bugensis Górka 1957

†Heteromarginatus wallacei Bukry 1969

G. †Jakubowskia Varol 1989

G. †Loxolithus Noël 1965

†Loxolithus armilla Black 1959

†Loxolithus thiersteinii Roth 1973

G. †Misceomarginatus Wind and Wise 1977

†Misceomarginatus pleniporus Wind and Wise 1977

G. †Monomarginatus Wind and Wise 1977

†Monomarginatus pectinatus Wind and Wise 1977

†Monomarginatus quaternarius Wind and Wise 1977

G. †Neocrepidolithus Romein 1979

†Neocrepidolithus cohenii Perch-Nielsen 1968

†Neocrepidolithus cruciatus Perch-Nielsen 1979

†Neocrepidolithus dirimosus Perch-Nielsen 1979

†Neocrepidolithus fossus Romein 1977

†Neocrepidolithus neocrassus Perch-Nielsen 1968

†Neocrepidolithus ruegenensis Burnett 1998

†Neocrepidolithus watkinsii Pospichal and Wise 1990

G. †Placozygus Hoffman 1970

†Placozygus fibuliformis Reinhardt 1964

†Placozygus sigmoides Romein 1979

G. †Reinhardtites Perch-Nielsen 1968

†Reinhardtites anthophorus Deflandre 1959

†Reinhardtites levis Prins and Sissingh 1977

G. †Retemediaformis Varol 1991

G. †Rhabdophidites Manivit 1971

†Rhabdophidites parallelus Wind and Cepek 1979

Invalid names: Rhabdolekiscus Hill 1976 [synonym]

G. †Staurolithites Caratini 1963

†Staurolithites aachenus Bukry 1969

†Staurolithites aenigma Burnett 1998

†Staurolithites angustus Stover 1966

†Staurolithites crux Deflandre and Fert 1954

†Staurolithites dentatus Bukry 1969

†Staurolithites dorfii Bukry 1969

†Staurolithites ellipticus Gartner 1968

†Staurolithites elongatus Bukry 1969

†Staurolithites flavus Burnett 1998

†Staurolithites gausorhethium Hill 1976

†Staurolithites glaber Jeremiah 1996

†Staurolithites imbricatus Gartner 1968

†Staurolithites integer Bukry 1969

†Staurolithites laffittei Caratini 1963

†Staurolithites leptostaurus Cooper 1987

†Staurolithites lumina Bown 1998

†Staurolithites mielnicensis Górka 1957

†Staurolithites minutus Burnett 1998

†Staurolithites mitcheneri Applegate and Bergen 1998

†Staurolithites mutterlosei Crux 1989

†Staurolithites parma Wind and Wise 1977

†Staurolithites quadriarculla Noël 1965

†Staurolithites rotatus Jeremiah 1996

†Staurolithites siesseri Bown 2000

†Staurolithites stradneri Rood and Hay 1971

†Staurolithites zoensis Burnett 1998

Invalid names: Staurorhabdus Noël 1973 [synonym], Vagalapilla Bukry 1969 [synonym], Vekshinella Loeblich and Tappan 1963 [synonym]

G. †Tranolithus Stover 1966

†Tranolithus gabalus Stover 1966

†Tranolithus incus de Kaenel and Bergen 1996

†Tranolithus macleodiae Bukry 1969

†Tranolithus minimus Bukry 1969

†Tranolithus orionatus Reinhardt 1966

G. †Tubirhabdus Rood et al. 1973

†Tubirhabdus patulus Rood et al. 1973

G. †Zeugrhabdotus Reinhardt 1965

†Zeugrhabdotus bicrescenticus Stover 1966

†Zeugrhabdotus biperforatus Gartner 1968

†Zeugrhabdotus burwellensis Black 1972

†Zeugrhabdotus clarus Bown 2005

†Zeugrhabdotus cooperi Bown 1992

†Zeugrhabdotus diplogrammus Deflandre 1954

†Zeugrhabdotus embergeri Noël 1958

†Zeugrhabdotus erectus Deflandre 1954

†Zeugrhabdotus fissus Grün and Zweili 1980

†Zeugrhabdotus kerguelenensis Watkins 1992

†Zeugrhabdotus noeliae Rood et al. 1971

†Zeugrhabdotus petrizzoae Bown 2005

†Zeugrhabdotus praesigmoides Burnett 1998

†Zeugrhabdotus scutula Bergen 1994

†Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides Bramlette and Sullivan 1961

†Zeugrhabdotus spiralis Bramlette and Martini 1964

†Zeugrhabdotus trivectis Bergen 1994

†Zeugrhabdotus xenotus Stover 1996

Invalid names: Glaukolithus Reinhardt 1964 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Environment:

oceanic, oligotrophic, marine, brackishp

Locomotion:

passively mobilep

Life habit:

planktonicp

Depth habitat:

surfacep

Diet:

"photoautotroph"p

Created:

2006-10-31 06:24:05

Modified:

2006-10-31 08:24:05

Source: p = phylum

Reference: Kiessling 2003

Age range: base of the Middle Hettangian to the top of the Early/Lower Pleistocene or 201.40000 to 0.77400 Ma

Collections (516 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Middle Hettangian - Late/Upper Hettangian	201.4 - 199.5	Canada (Alberta)	Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (197630)
Late/Upper Sinemurian - Late/Upper Pliensbachian	199.5 - 184.2	Morocco	Crepidolithus crassus (205771 205778) Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (205769)
Pliensbachian	192.9 - 184.2	Spain (Jaén)	Crepidolithus cavus, Crepidolithus granulatus, Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201758 201759) Crepidolithus crucifer, Crepidolithus cavus, Crepidolithus granulatus, Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201752 201753 201755) Crepidolithus crucifer, Crepidolithus granulatus, Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201754 201756)
Early/Lower Toarcian	184.2 - 182.9	Spain (Granada)	Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (199494)
Toarcian	184.2 - 174.7	Spain (Murcia)	Crepidolithus crassus (201765 201766 201770 201772 201775 201776 201778 201779 201792) Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201764 201769 201773 201777 201780 201781 201782 201783 201787 201788 201789 201791 201793 201794) Crepidolithus crassus, Zeugrhabdotus erectus (201768 201771) Crepidolithus crassus, Zeugrhabdotus erectus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201790)
Toarcian	184.2 - 174.7	Spain (Jaén)	Crepidolithus cavus, Crepidolithus crucifer, Crepidolithus granulatus, Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201668) Crepidolithus crucifer, Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201673 201675) Crepidolithus crucifer, Crepidolithus granulatus, Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201665 201666 201667 201669 201670 201671 201672 201674 201676 201678 201685 201750 201751) Crepidolithus granulatus, Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201677)
Middle Toarcian	182.9 - 180.4	Spain (Murcia)	Crepidolithus crassus (201796 201799 201802 201804 201805 201806 201807 201809 201813) Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (201795 201797 201798 201800 201801 201803 201808 201810 201811 201812)
Levesquei	182.9 - 174.7	Germany	Crepidolithus crassus (59430 59434)
Late/Upper Toarcian	180.4 - 174.7	Germany	Crepidolithus crassus (59454) Vagalapilla quadriarculla, Zeugrhabdotus choffatii, Crepidolithus crassus, Zeugrhabdotus erectus, Tubirhabdus patulus, Tubirhabdus patulus (59451) Vagalapilla quadriarculla, Zeugrhabdotus choffatii, Zeugrhabdotus sp. 1, Zeugrhabdotus sp. 2, Crepidolithus crassus, Zeugrhabdotus erectus, Tubirhabdus patulus (59449) Zeugrhabdotus choffatii, Crepidolithus crassus, Zeugrhabdotus erectus, Tubirhabdus patulus, Tubirhabdus patulus (59453)
Late/Upper Toarcian	180.4 - 174.7	Spain (Granada)	Crepidolithus crassus (199181 199231 199235 201880 202098 202099 202100 202103 202104 202105 202106 202108 202109 202110 202111 202112 202113 202116 202117) Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus (199164 199168 199169 199172 199173 199187 199195 199198 199248 199487 199491 199492 199493 199495 199496 201948 202097 202101 202107 202114 202115) Crepidolithus crassus, Zeugrhabdotus erectus (199167 199253) Crepidolithus crassus, Zeugrhabdotus erectus, Tubirhabdus patulus (199165 199166 199171 199177 199229 199247 199488 199490)
Youngest occurrences
Time interval	Ma	Country or state	PBDB collection number
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	North Atlantic	Jakubowskia leoniae (261748 261751) Neocrepidolithus neocrassus, Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (267065) Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (262406 265383 265393 266451 267057) Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides, Jakubowskia leoniae (265390)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	North Pacific	Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (243274)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.03	North Atlantic	Jakubowskia leoniae (261745) Neocrepidolithus neocrassus (267055)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	North Atlantic	Jakubowskia leoniae (261736 261737)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	North Atlantic	Neocrepidolithus fossus (261722 261724 261725)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	Indian Ocean	Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (249065 249069 249079 249084 252546 252547)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.63 - 5.333	Indian Ocean	Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (254813 254838)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.58	Indian Ocean	Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (254794 254797)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene	3.6 - 0.774	Indian Ocean	Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (254793)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Indian Ocean	Zeugrhabdotus sigmoides (250431 250435)