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Polinices hepaticus

Gastropoda - Naticidae

Taxonomy
Albula hepatica was named by Röding (1798) [DISTRIBUTION: Pliocene-Recent; Western Atlantic]. It is extant.

It was recombined as Polinices hepaticus by Roding (1798), Weisbord (1962).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
P. achatensis, P. aijensis, P. alamedensis, P. aratus, P. aurantus, P. benoisti, P. brunneus, P. brunneus, P. canalizonalis, P. catena, P. catena, P. cerreria, P. columnaris, P. compressus, P. concinna, P. cumingianus, P. cumingianus, P. demicryptus, P. famula, P. gulianoi, P. hantoniensis, P. harrisii, P. horni, P. hornii, P. humboldi, P. huttoni, P. incertus, P. josephinia, P. julianna, P. lacetus, P. lewisi, P. mamilla, P. martini, P. medinae, P. miocolligens, P. nagahamai, P. nelsoni, P. obliquata, P. onustus, P. onustus, P. opaca, P. panamensis, P. pinionensis, P. porcellanus, P. prolaceteus, P. prolacteus, P. propeovatus, P. proredempta, P. proredemptus, P. protractus, P. pseudoredemptus, P. rapulum, P. rapulum, P. reclusianus, P. recluzianus, P. robustus, P. sagamiensis, P. secunda, P. solida, P. stanislas, P. stanislasmeunieri, P. stanislasmeunieri, P. stanislasneunieri, P. subangulata, P. subclausa, P. subclausa, P. subclausus, P. subcrassa, P. subporcana, P. tumidus, P. tuomeyi, P. turbinoides, P. turgidus, P. vectensis, P. washingtoni, P. wshingtonensis, P. defrancei, P. orangensis, P. subvarians, P. dilatata, P. globosus, P. hemicryptus, P. nuciformes, P. nysti, P. santacruzensis, P. staringi, P. achatensis, P. caroliniana, P. candidissima, P. angolae, P. eucallosus, P. glauca, P. paraguanensis, P. paraguanensis, P. quirosana, P. reclusianus, P. reclusianus, P. reclusianus, P. recluziana, P. uamenensis, P. onustus, P. onustus, P. australis, P. australis, P. bilobatus, P. finlayi, P. finlayi, P. finlayi, P. lobata, P. modestus, P. obstructus, P. scalptus, P. brunneus, P. callosior, P. carolinensis, P. caroliniana, P. columnaris, P. cumingianus, P. kamtschatica, P. marambiensis, P. miocolligens, P. miopusillus, P. mucronatus, P. newtoni, P. onustus, P. otaioensis, P. panamanensis, P. panamensis, P. parki, P. saulae, P. snatolensis, P. subtenius, P. tehuacana, P. tigilensis, P. woodi, Polnices waipipiensis

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1798Polinices hepaticus Roding figs. Pl. 1, figs 5-10
1798Albula hepatica Röding p. 21 figs. Pl. 1, figs 5-10
1807Natica brunnea Link
1807Mammilla brunnea Link p. 140
1807Natica brunnea Link p. 140
1850Natica subclausa Sowerby p. 51 figs. pl. 18, fig. 8
1889Polinices brunnea Dall p. 156
1911Polinices subclausa Brown and Pilsbry p. 360
1922Polinices subclausa Olsson p. 157
1928Polinices brunnea Woodring p. 385
1928Polinices brunnea subclausa Woodring pp. 385-386
1929Polinices subclausa Anderson p. 124
1929Polinices (Mammilla) brunnea Weisbord p. 29
1960Polinices subclausa Barrios p. 272
1962Polinices brunnea DuBar
1962Polinices hepaticus Weisbord p. 240
1962Polinices subclausa Weisbord p. 241

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
RankNameAuthor
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superfamilyNaticoidea(Forbes 1838)
familyNaticidaeGuilding 1834
subfamilyPolinicinaeGray 1847
genusPolinicesMonfort 1810
specieshepaticus(Röding 1798)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Polinices hepaticus Röding 1798
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Invalid names: Natica brunnea Link 1807 [synonym], Polinices brunnea Link 1807 [synonym], Polinices subclausa Sowerby 1850 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Entire body: yesg
Adult width: 10 to < 100g
Adult height: 10 to < 100g
Thickness: intermediateg
Folds: noneg
Ribbing: noneg
Spines: noneg
Internal reinforcement: noneg
Locomotion: actively mobileg
Life habit: semi-infaunalg
Diet: carnivoreg
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2004-10-20 00:53:45
Modified: 2018-03-19 12:56:43
Source: g = genus, f = family, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Middle Miocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pliocene or 15.98000 to 2.58000 Ma

Collections (33 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Colombia (Atlantico) Polinices brunnea (60680 60684)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Dominican Republic Polinices subclausa (58816 58817)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Panama Polinices subclausa (134661)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Colombia (Atlántico) Polinices subclausa (88312)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Colombia Polinices hepaticus (131220) Polinices subclausa (88297)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Colombia (Bolívar) Polinices subclausa (88316)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Haiti Polinices brunnea (60107 60108)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Dominican Republic Polinices hepaticus (74915) Polinices subclausa (58867 58869 58875)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Trinidad and Tobago Polinices subclausa (81976)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Ecuador (Esmeraldas) Polinices hepaticus (41764)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Ecuador (Esmeraldas) Polinices hepaticus (41763 41802 135043)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Colombia Polinices subclausa (88294)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Colombia (Atlántico) Polinices subclausa (88310)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Dominican Republic Polinices subclausa (58821 58822)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Dominican Republic Polinices hepaticus (74965) Polinices subclausa (80136)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Polinices subclausa (41749)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Venezuela Polinices hepaticus (131237)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Jamaica Polinices brunnea (58522) Polinices hepaticus (69089 69093 69094)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Costa Rica Polinices subclausa (134652)