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Barbatia carolinensis

Bivalvia - Arcida - Arcidae

Taxonomy
Arca carolinensis was named by Conrad (1849) [m. kosnik taxon no: 2755; DISTRIBUTION: Late Pliocene; Atlantic Coastal Plain; COMMENTS: Authorship of MAK incorrect - not Conrad, 1875.]. It is not a trace fossil.

It was recombined as Barbatia (Plagiarca) carolinensis by Conrad (1875); it was recombined as Scapharca (Scapharca) carolinensis by Dall (1898); it was recombined as Anadara carolinensis by Gardner (1943); it was recombined as Barbatia carolinensis by Ward (1992); it was recombined as Arca (Barbatia) carolinensis by Kosnik (2002).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1849Arca carolinensis Conrad p. 281
1875Barbatia (Plagiarca) carolinensis Conrad p. 4
1898Scapharca (Scapharca) carolinensis Dall p. 639
1916Arca carolinensis Sheldon p. 42
1923Arca carolinensis Stephenson p. 119
1943Anadara carolinensis Gardner p. 25
1992Barbatia carolinensis Ward
2002Arca (Barbatia) carolinensis Kosnik

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
RankNameAuthor
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
—OstreomorphiFerussac 1822
—ArcioniGray 1854
orderArcida(Stoliczka 1871)
superfamilyArcoidea(Lamarck 1809)
familyArcidaeLamarck 1809
genusBarbatiaGray 1842
speciescarolinensis(Conrad 1849)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Barbatia carolinensis Conrad 1849
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Entire body: yesf
Adult length: 10 to < 100f
Adult width: 10 to < 100f
Adult height: 10 to < 100f
Thickness: intermediatef
Folds: minorf
Ribbing: majorf
Spines: nonef
Internal reinforcement: nonef
Ontogeny: accretionf
Environment: lagoonal, coastal, inner shelf, outer shelf, oceanic, brackish, freshwaterf
Locomotion: stationaryg
Attached: yesg
Life habit: epifaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: limitedf
Created: 2004-02-29 17:10:35
Modified: 2009-09-09 11:04:23
Source: g = genus, f = family
References: Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Middle Campanian to the top of the Late/Upper Pliocene or 83.50000 to 2.58800 Ma

Collections (12 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (North Carolina) Arca carolinensis (7622) Barbatia carolinensis (190555)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Mississippi) Arca carolinensis (32139 32140 32142)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) Arca carolinensis (3604 3632)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (North Carolina) Arca carolinensis (7614 7616)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333USA (Virginia) Anadara carolinensis (61291)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (North Carolina) Anadara carolinensis (59307 59327)