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Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki (Eastern spadefoot toad)

Osteichthyes - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae

Taxonomy
Rana holbrookii was named by Harlan (1835). It is extant.

It was recombined as Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki by Zweifel (1956); it was recombined as Scaphiopus holbrooki by Lynch (1965); it was recombined as Scaphiopus holbrookii by Cope (1875), Frank and Ramus (1996).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
S. hardeni, S. skinneri

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1835Rana holbrookii Harlan
1875Scaphiopus holbrookii Cope p. 32
1956Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki Zweifel p. 30
1965Scaphiopus holbrooki Lynch p. 73
1996Scaphiopus holbrookii Frank and Ramus

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
RankNameAuthor
classAmphibia
orderTemnospondyli()
—Lissamphibia()
—Batrachia(Macartney 1802)
orderSalientia
suborderAnura()
superfamilyPelobatoideaLaurent 1979
familyPelobatidaeLataste 1879
genusScaphiopusHolbrook 1836
subgenusScaphiopusHolbrook 1836
speciesholbrooki(Harlan 1835)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki Harlan 1835 [Eastern spadefoot toad]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: brackish, freshwater, terrestrialuc
Locomotion: actively mobilesubo
Life habit: amphibioussubo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Dispersal: waterc
Created: 2009-07-20 21:44:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:44:54
Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004, Carroll 1988, Uhen 2004

Age range: base of the Hemingfordian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 18.50000 to 0.01400 Ma

Collections (10 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Hemingfordian18.5 - 16.3USA (Florida) Scaphiopus holbrooki (18597)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8USA (Florida) Scaphiopus holbrooki (20384)
Middle Pleistocene (glacial)0.774 - 0.129USA (Florida) Scaphiopus holbrooki (75974)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (Florida) Scaphiopus holbrookii (20491)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Scaphiopus holbrooki (154722)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Scaphiopus holbrooki (82258)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Scaphiopus holbrooki (20638 154805)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Scaphiopus holbrooki (20650) Scaphiopus holbrookii (20573)