PBDB Taxon

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Ostrea

Bivalvia - Ostreida - Ostreidae

Taxonomy

Ostrea was named by Linnaeus (1758) [Sepkoski's age data: K Berr R]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Pelecypoda by Weaver (1916); to Ostreini by Casadio (1998); to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002); to Ostreidae by Holmes (1860), Stanton (1895), Böhm and Weisfermel (1913), Woods (1922), Packard (1922), Clark and Arnold (1923), Woodring (1925), Bohm (1926), Nagao (1928), Grant, IV and Gale (1931), Olsson (1931), Oostingh (1935), Russell and Landes (1937), Woodring (1938), Turner (1938), Mukerjee (1939), Durham (1944), Rivera (1957), da Silva Forti (1969), Wozny (1977), Zinsmeister (1983), Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984), Kensley and Pether (1986), Lamprell and Healy (1998), Wienrich (1999), Schneider et al. (2005), Bouchet et al. (2010); and to Ostreinae by Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Dockery (1982), Gliozzi and Malatesta (1983), Squires (1984), Moore (1987), Squires (1987), Freneix et al. (1988), Beu et al. (1990), Ward (1992), Marquet (2002), Stilwell et al. (2004), Morales-Ortega et al. (2016).

Species

Myrakeena veatchii, Ostraea decemcostata, Ostraea liscaviensis, Ostraea multicostata, Ostraea placunoides, Ostraea scabiosa, Ostraea spondyloides, O. (Alectryonia), O. (Bellostrea), O. (Catinula), O. (Eostrea), O. (Euostrea), O. (Gryphaea), O. (Liostrea), O. (Nanostrea), O. (Ostrea), O. abeokutaensis, O. albertensis, O. amorpha, O. angasi, O. angelica, O. angusta, O. antarctica, O. arenicola, O. asseezi, O. aupouria, O. bathonica, O. baylei, O. beloiti, O. berkeyi, O. biauriculata (syn. O. lesueuri), O. bicolor, O. blackensis, O. blanipedi, O. brewerii, O. brongniarti, O. bryanii, O. buski, O. calceoformis, O. calceolus, O. californica, O. carolinensis, O. cassis, O. castellobrancoi, O. chilensis (syn. O. lutaria), O. chudeaui, O. collazica, O. complicata, O. compressirostra, O. conchaphila, O. conica, O. costaricensis, O. crandalli, O. crenulimarginata, O. crescentica, O. cristata, O. cubitus, O. cumingiana, O. cymbula, O. cynthiae, O. davaiacensis, O. democraciana, O. directa, O. dorsalis, O. durotoyei, O. edulis (syn. O. (Ostrea) lamellosa), O. edwilsoni, O. elegantula, O. eorivularis, O. equestris, O. exogyrella, O. flavicans, O. foisseyi, O. forskali, O. fraasi, O. friryi, O. frondosa, O. fundata, O. gajensis, O. georgiana, O. germaini, O. gingensis, O. glabra, O. golfotristensis, O. hinnites, O. hippopus, O. hyotidoidea, O. inca, O. incisa, O. indigena, O. inornata, O. invalida, O. iridescens, O. islandicus, O. jibananandai, O. jogjacartensis, O. johnsoni, O. kahoensis, O. kauffmani, O. khamirensis, O. laticaudata, O. latimarginata, O. lipoldi, O. littlei, O. ludensis, O. lunaeformis, O. lurida, O. maculosa, O. malleiformis, O. manubriata, O. marcignyana, O. marginidentata, O. marshiiformis, O. mauricensis, O. mediocostata, O. merceyi, O. messor, O. meunieri, O. minbuensis, O. minerensis, O. minuta, O. miradorensis, O. monetalis, O. monroensis, O. negritensis, O. neuquena, O. nodosa, O. normalis, O. obliterata, O. olequahensis, O. olisiponensis, O. olowui, O. omatsolae, O. oxiana, O. paleomarginidentata, O. panda, O. pangadiensis, O. paracasensis, O. parasitica, O. paroxis, O. parrensis, O. peculiaris, O. pejerreyensis, O. pellucens, O. pesfelis, O. pesleonis, O. petrosa, O. peytoni, O. philippii, O. pictetiana, O. pileosimilis, O. placunoides, O. plicatula, O. portoricoensis, O. praelonga, O. princeps, O. procyonis, O. prona, O. protoimbricata, O. pseudocrassissima, O. pseudodigitalina, O. pseudorissensis, O. pulaskensis, O. radula, O. raveneliana, O. reniformis, O. resupinata, O. retusa, O. roncana (syn. O. longirostris), O. rugosa, O. russelli, O. sakaryaensis, O. sakitoensis, O. samanensis, O. sanctaecrucis, O. sandalina, O. sanguinea, O. sansebastiana, O. saxitoniana, O. semidentata, O. seymourensis, O. sohli, O. soleniscus, O. sookensis, O. spondyloides, O. stentina, O. striatula, O. sturtiana, O. subangulata, O. subanomia, O. submissa, O. subovata, O. subradiosa, O. subuncinella, O. superficialis, O. supranummulitica, O. tacalensis, O. taxidonta, O. tegulanea, O. thalassoklusta, O. translucida (syn. O. (Gryphaeostrea) subalata), O. turkestanensis, O. turkestanensis, O. ultimaespei, O. uncinta, O. ungulata, O. vaughani, O. ventilabrum, O. venusta, O. vermicostata, O. vestita, O. weaveri, O. wiedenmayeri, O. wilckensi, O. wollastoni

Synonyms

Myrakeena is a genus. It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Ostrea by Raith et al. (2016).

It was assigned to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002); to Ostreidae by Powell (2008); and to Myrakeenini by Bouchet et al. (2010).
Pretostrea was named by Iredale (1939). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Ostrea by Thompson (1954).
Ostrea elegantula was named by Newberry (1876).

It was considered a nomen oblitum by Kennedy et al. (1988).
Tiostrea was named by Chanley and Dinamani (1980). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Ostrea by Spencer et al. (2004).

It was assigned to Ostreinae by Beu et al. (1990); and to Tiostreidae by Bouchet et al. (2010).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1758	Ostrea Linnaeus
1860	Ostrea Holmes p. 9
1876	Ostrea elegantula Newberry
1895	Ostrea Stanton p. 34
1913	Ostrea Böhm and Weisfermel p. 61
1916	Ostraea Weaver p. 36
1922	Ostrea Packard p. 420
1922	Ostrea Woods p. 64
1923	Ostrea Clark and Arnold p. 138
1925	Ostrea Woodring p. 59
1926	Ostrea Bohm p. 56
1928	Ostrea Nagao p. 32
1931	Ostrea Grant, IV and Gale p. 149
1931	Ostrea Olsson p. 40
1935	Ostrea Oostingh p. 143
1937	Ostrea Russell and Landes p. 139
1938	Ostrea Turner p. 46
1938	Ostrea Woodring p. 42
1939	Pretostrea Iredale
1939	Ostrea Mukerjee p. 32
1944	Ostrea Durham p. 137
1957	Ostrea Rivera p. 191
1969	Ostrea da Silva Forti p. 74
1977	Ostrea Adegoke p. 236
1977	Ostrea Wozny p. 102
1980	Tiostrea Chanley and Dinamani
1980	Ostrea Vokes p. 66
1982	Ostrea Dockery p. 53
1983	Ostrea Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 91
1983	Ostrea Zinsmeister p. 1826
1984	Ostrea Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska p. 98
1984	Ostrea Squires p. 44
1986	Ostrea Kensley and Pether p. 201
1987	Ostrea Moore p. 27
1987	Ostrea Squires p. 58
1988	Ostrea Freneix et al. p. 5
1990	Ostrea Beu et al. p. 396
1990	Tiostrea Beu et al. p. 396
1992	Ostrea Ward p. 76
1998	Ostrea Casadio p. 451
1998	Ostrea Lamprell and Healy p. 132
1999	Ostrea Wienrich p. 224
2002	Ostrea Marquet
2002	Myrakeena Sepkoski
2002	Ostrea Sepkoski
2004	Ostrea Stilwell et al. p. 21
2005	Ostrea Schneider et al. p. 114
2008	Myrakeena Powell p. 9
2010	Myrakeena Bouchet et al.
2010	Ostrea Bouchet et al.
2010	Tiostrea Bouchet et al.
2016	Ostrea Morales-Ortega et al. p. 10

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia
—	Eubivalvia
subclass	Autobranchia	(Groblen 1894)

Rank	Name	Author
infraclass	Pteriomorphia	(Beurlen 1944)
—	Ostreomorphi	Ferussac 1822
—	Ostreioni	Ferussac 1822
—	Ostreata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Ostreiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Ostreida	(Fërussac 1822)
suborder	Ostreidina	(Ferussac 1822)
superfamily	Ostreoidea	(Rafinesque 1815)
family	Ostreidae	Rafinesque 1815
genus	Ostrea	Linnaeus 1758

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Ostrea Linnaeus 1758

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†Ostraea decemcostata Goldfuss 1833

†Ostraea liscaviensis Giebel 1856

†Ostraea multicostata Goldfuss 1833

†Ostraea placunoides Goldfuss 1833

†Ostraea scabiosa Giebel 1856

†Ostraea spondyloides Schlotheim 1833

Subg. †Ostrea (Alectryonia) Fischer de Waldheim 1807

†Alectryonia clotbeyi Bellardi 1854

†Alectryonia ludoviciana Harris 1919

†Alectryonia martinsi Archiac 1850

†Alectryonia parasitica Krumbeck 1913

†Ostrea (Alectryonia) dilleri White 1889

†Ostrea (Alectryonia) diluviana Stoliczka 1871

†Ostrea (Alectryonia) gregarea Sowerby 1901

Subg. †Ostrea (Bellostrea) Vialov 1936

†Ostrea (Bellostrea) bellovacina Lamarck 1806

Subg. †Ostrea (Catinula) Rollier 1911

†Ostrea (Catinula) ancliffensis Cox and Arkell 1948

Subg. †Ostrea (Eostrea) Ihering 1907

Ostrea (Eostrea) puelchana d'Orbigny 1842

Subg. †Ostrea (Euostrea) Douvillé 1920

Subg. †Ostrea (Gryphaea) Oppenheim 1908

†Ostrea (Gryphaea) katzeri Oppenheim 1908

Subg. †Ostrea (Liostrea) Douvillé 1904

†Ostrea (Liostrea) hebridica Forbes 1851

†Ostrea (Liostrea) wiltonensis Lycett 1863

Subg. †Ostrea (Nanostrea) Harry 1985

Subg. Ostrea (Ostrea) Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea (Ostrea) arrosis Aldrich 1904

†Ostrea (Ostrea) atwoodii Gabb 1866

†Ostrea (Ostrea) bataviana Martin 1909

†Ostrea (Ostrea) bomasensis Martin 1916

†Ostrea (Ostrea) djuvanaensis Martin 1909

†Ostrea (Ostrea) duvali Gardner 1927

†Ostrea (Ostrea) intermedoides Aldrich 1921

†Ostrea (Ostrea) njalindungensis Martin 1910

†Ostrea (Ostrea) osiris Zittel 1883

Ostrea (Ostrea) paulucciae Crosse 1869

†Ostrea (Ostrea) podagrina Dall 1895

†Ostrea (Ostrea) promensis Noetling 1901

†Ostrea (Ostrea) puruensis Martin 1914

†Ostrea (Ostrea) spolongensis Martin 1916

†Ostrea (Ostrea) subdigitalina Olsson and Harbison 1953

†Ostrea (Ostrea) tegalensis Oostingh 1935

†Ostrea abeokutaensis Adegoke 1977

†Ostrea albertensis Russell and Landes 1937

†Ostrea amorpha Forbes 1846

Ostrea angasi Sowerby 1846

Ostrea angelica Rochebrune 1895

†Ostrea angusta Deshayes 1824

†Ostrea antarctica Zinsmeister 1984

†Ostrea arenicola Tate 1886

†Ostrea asseezi Adegoke 1977

Ostrea aupouria Dinamani 1981

†Ostrea bathonica Orbigny 1850

†Ostrea baylei Gueranger 1853

†Ostrea beloiti Logan 1899

†Ostrea berkeyi Maury 1920

†Ostrea biauriculata Lamarck 1819

Invalid names: Ostrea lesueuri d'Orbigny 1850 [synonym]

†Ostrea bicolor Hanley 1854

†Ostrea blackensis Stephenson 1923

†Ostrea blanipedi Howe 1937

†Ostrea brewerii Gabb 1864

†Ostrea brongniarti Bronn 1856

†Ostrea bryanii Gabb 1876

†Ostrea buski Woods 1922

†Ostrea calceoformis Broili 1904

†Ostrea calceolus Zieten 1923

Ostrea californica Mareon 1858

†Ostrea carolinensis Conrad 1832

†Ostrea cassis Nagao 1928

†Ostrea castellobrancoi Maury 1936

Ostrea chilensis Philippi 1844

Invalid names: Ostrea lutaria Hutton 1885 [synonym]

†Ostrea chudeaui Douvillé 1920

†Ostrea collazica Maury 1920

†Ostrea complicata Goldfuss 1833

†Ostrea compressirostra Say 1824

†Ostrea compressirostra brucei Ward 1992

†Ostrea compressirostra geraldjohnsoni Ward 1992

Ostrea conchaphila Carpenter 1857

†Ostrea conica Stoppani 1865

†Ostrea costaricensis Olsson 1922

†Ostrea crandalli Hanna 1927

†Ostrea crenulimarginata Gabb 1860

†Ostrea crescentica Packard 1922

Ostrea cristata Born 1778

†Ostrea cubitus Deshayes 1832

Ostrea cumingiana Dunker 1846

†Ostrea cymbula Lamarck 1806

†Ostrea cynthiae Maury 1912

†Ostrea davaiacensis Lissajous 1923

†Ostrea democraciana Hodson et al. 1927

†Ostrea democraciana cujiensis Hodson et al. 1927

†Ostrea democraciana chirigurana Hodson et al. 1927

†Ostrea directa Blanckenhorn 1890

†Ostrea dorsalis Azzaroli 1958

†Ostrea durotoyei Adegoke 1977

Ostrea edulis Linnaeus 1758

Invalid names: Ostrea (Ostrea) lamellosa Brocchi 1814 [synonym]

†Ostrea edwilsoni Stoyanow 1949

†Ostrea eorivularis Oyama and Mizuno 1958

Ostrea equestris Say 1834

†Ostrea equestris heothina Woodring 1982

†Ostrea exogyrella Gabb 1876

Ostrea flavicans Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea foisseyi Lemoine 1906

†Ostrea forskali Chemnitz 1785

†Ostrea fraasi Mayer-Eymar 1888

†Ostrea friryi Meunier 1906

†Ostrea frondosa de Serres 1829

Ostrea fundata Say 1834

†Ostrea gajensis Vredenburg 1928

†Ostrea georgiana Conrad 1834

†Ostrea germaini Coquand 1869

†Ostrea gingensis Schlotheim 1813

Ostrea glabra Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea golfotristensis Maury 1912

†Ostrea hinnites Stoppani 1865

†Ostrea hippopus Tate 1886

†Ostrea hyotidoidea Tate 1899

†Ostrea inca Woods 1922

†Ostrea incisa Martin 1883

†Ostrea indigena Anderson 1938

†Ostrea inornata Meek and Hayden 1860

†Ostrea invalida White 1887

Ostrea iridescens Gray 1854

Ostrea islandicus Müller 1776

†Ostrea jibananandai Halder and Mitra 2021

†Ostrea jogjacartensis Martin 1914

†Ostrea johnsoni Aldrich 1886

†Ostrea kahoensis Nagao 1928

†Ostrea kauffmani Adegoke 1977

†Ostrea khamirensis Cox 1936

Ostrea laticaudata Carpenter 1864

†Ostrea latimarginata Vredenburg 1908

†Ostrea lipoldi Bittner 1901

†Ostrea littlei Gabb 1876

†Ostrea ludensis Deshayes 1861

†Ostrea lunaeformis Nagao 1928

Ostrea lurida Carpenter 1864

Ostrea maculosa Forskål 1775

†Ostrea malleiformis Gabb 1864

†Ostrea manubriata Tate 1887

†Ostrea marcignyana Martin 1860

†Ostrea marginidentata Wood 1861

†Ostrea marshiiformis Münster 1841

†Ostrea mauricensis Gabb 1860

†Ostrea mediocostata von Wöhrmann 1889

†Ostrea merceyi Coquand 1862

†Ostrea messor Maury 1925

†Ostrea messor colombiensis Weisbord 1929

†Ostrea meunieri Douvillé 1920

†Ostrea meunieri nigeriensis Adegoke 1977

†Ostrea minbuensis Cotter 1923

†Ostrea minerensis Russell and Landes 1937

Ostrea minuta Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea miradorensis Olsson 1931

†Ostrea monetalis Martin 1931

†Ostrea monroensis Mansfield 1932

†Ostrea negritensis Olsson 1928

†Ostrea neuquena Ihering 1907

†Ostrea nodosa Goldfuss 1835

†Ostrea normalis Gardner 1926

Ostrea obliterata Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea olequahensis Weaver 1912

†Ostrea olisiponensis Sharpe 1850

†Ostrea olowui Adegoke 1977

†Ostrea omatsolae Adegoke 1977

†Ostrea oxiana Romanowsky 1884

†Ostrea paleomarginidentata Adegoke 1977

†Ostrea panda Morton 1833

†Ostrea pangadiensis Hislop 1859

†Ostrea paracasensis Rivera 1957

†Ostrea parasitica Gmelin 1791

†Ostrea paroxis Lesueur 1829

†Ostrea parrensis Vega et al. 1999

†Ostrea peculiaris Conrad 1860

†Ostrea pejerreyensis Rivera 1957

Ostrea pellucens Linnaeus 1758

Ostrea pesfelis Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea pesleonis Forbes 1846

†Ostrea petrosa Fuchs 1879

†Ostrea peytoni Richards 1947

†Ostrea philippii Ortmann 1897

†Ostrea pictetiana Stoppani 1860

†Ostrea pileosimilis Martin 1931

†Ostrea placunoides Münster 1863

Ostrea plicatula Gmelin 1791

†Ostrea portoricoensis Hubbard 1920

†Ostrea praelonga Sharpe 1855

†Ostrea princeps Wood 1850

†Ostrea procyonis Maury 1924

†Ostrea prona Wood 1861

†Ostrea protoimbricata Vredenburg 1928

†Ostrea pseudocrassissima Fuchs 1878

†Ostrea pseudodigitalina Fuchs 1879

†Ostrea pseudorissensis Vredenburg 1928

†Ostrea pulaskensis Harris 1892

Ostrea radula Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea raveneliana Tuomey and Holmes 1855

†Ostrea reniformis Münster 1863

†Ostrea resupinata Deshayes 1858

Ostrea retusa Sowerby 1871

†Ostrea roncana Partsch 1870

Invalid names: Ostrea longirostris Lamarck 1806 [synonym]

†Ostrea rugosa Smith 1817

†Ostrea russelli Russell and Landes 1937

†Ostrea sakaryaensis Stchepinsky 1941

†Ostrea sakitoensis Nagao 1928

†Ostrea samanensis Olsson 1928

†Ostrea sanctaecrucis Pictet and Campiche 1869

†Ostrea sandalina Goldfuss 1834

Ostrea sanguinea Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea sansebastiana Maury 1920

†Ostrea saxitoniana McLearn 1929

†Ostrea semidentata Böhm 1891

†Ostrea seymourensis Zinsmeister 1984

†Ostrea sohli Adegoke 1977

†Ostrea soleniscus Meek 1893

†Ostrea sookensis Clark and Arnold 1923

†Ostrea spondyloides Schlotheim 1820

Ostrea stentina Payraudeau 1826

Ostrea striatula Linnaeus 1758

†Ostrea sturtiana Tate 1886

†Ostrea subangulata d'Orbigny 1852

†Ostrea subanomia Münster 1856

†Ostrea submissa Deshayes 1864

†Ostrea subovata Shumard 1854

†Ostrea subradiosa Bohm 1926

†Ostrea subuncinella Böhm 1891

Ostrea superficialis Forskål 1775

†Ostrea supranummulitica Zittel 1862

†Ostrea tacalensis Hodson et al. 1927

†Ostrea taxidonta Packard 1922

†Ostrea tegulanea Forbes 1846

†Ostrea thalassoklusta Maury 1912

†Ostrea translucida Meek and Hayden 1857

Invalid names: Ostrea (Gryphaeostrea) subalata Meek 1876 [synonym]

†Ostrea turkestanensis Romanovski 1880

†Ostrea turkestanensis Bornemann 1938

†Ostrea ultimaespei Wilckens 1907

†Ostrea uncinta Lamarck 1806

†Ostrea ungulata Nyst 1843

†Ostrea vaughani Dall 1915

†Ostrea vaughani insularis Pilsbry and Brown 1917

†Ostrea ventilabrum Goldfuss 1826

†Ostrea venusta Braun 1841

†Ostrea vermicostata von Wöhrmann 1889

†Ostrea vestita Fuchs 1883

†Ostrea weaveri Dickerson 1914

†Ostrea wiedenmayeri Hodson et al. 1927

†Ostrea wilckensi Ihering 1907

†Ostrea wollastoni Finlay 1927

Invalid names: Myrakeena [synonym], Ostrea elegantula Newberry 1876 [nomen oblitum], Pretostrea Iredale 1939 [synonym], Tiostrea Chanley and Dinamani 1980 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available