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Paracrinoidea
Taxonomy
Paracrinoidea was named by Regnell (1945). It is not extant. It was considered monophyletic by Limbeck et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Crinozoa by Beaver et al. (1967); to Paracrinozoa by Parsley (1981); to Echinodermata by Sepkoski (2002); and to Blastozoa by Smith (1984), Limbeck et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Crinozoa by Beaver et al. (1967); to Paracrinozoa by Parsley (1981); to Echinodermata by Sepkoski (2002); and to Blastozoa by Smith (1984), Limbeck et al. (2024).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1945 | Paracrinoidea Regnell |
| 1967 | Paracrinoidea Beaver et al. p. S1 |
| 1981 | Paracrinoidea Parsley |
| 1984 | Paracrinoidea Smith |
| 2002 | Paracrinoidea Sepkoski |
| 2024 | Paracrinoidea Limbeck et al. p. 4,10 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Cl. †Paracrinoidea Regnell 1945
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Or. †Comarocystitida Parsley and Mintz 1975
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Fm. †Achradocystitidae Stukalina and Hintz 1989
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G. †Achradocystites Volborth 1870
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†Achradocystites grewingkii Rozhnov 2017
†Achradocystites schmidti Hecker 1958
Fm. †Amygdalocystitidae Jaekel 1900
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G. †Amygdalocystites Billings 1854
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†Amygdalocystites florealis Billings 1854
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Invalid names: Amygdalocystites laevis Billings 1883 [synonym]
†Amygdalocystites radiatus Billings 1854
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Invalid names: Amygdalocystites invaginata Bassler 1950 [synonym]
Invalid names: Billingsocystis Bassler 1950 [synonym]
G. †Oklahomacystis
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†Oklahomacystis bibrachiatus Parsley 1982
†Oklahomacystis spissus Frest et al. 1980
†Oklahomacystis tribrachiatus Bassler 1943
†Oklahomacystis trigonis Guensburg 1984
Fm. †Comarocystitidae Bather 1899
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G. †Comarocystites Billings 1854
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†Comarocystites punctatus Billings 1854
†Comarocystites tribrachius Parsley and Mintz 1975
G. †Implicaticystis Frest and Strimple 1982
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†Implicaticystis shumardi Meek and Worthen 1865
†Implicaticystis symmetricus Frest and Strimple 1982
G. †Sinclairocystis Bassler 1950
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†Sinclairocystis praedicta Bassler 1950
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Invalid names: Sinclairocystis angulatus Strimple 1952 [synonym], Sinclairocystis sulphurensis Strimple 1952 [synonym]
G. †Ovulocystites
Fm. †Heckeritidae Rozhnov 1987
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Or. †Platycystitida
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Fm. †Bistomiacystitidae Sprinkle and Parsley 1982
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G. †Bistomiacystis
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†Bistomiacystis globosa Sprinkle and Parsley 1982
†Bistomiacystis schrantzi Sumrall and Deline 2009
Fm. †Malocystitidae Bather 1899
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Fm. †Platycystitidae Parsley and Mintz 1975
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G. †Canadocystis Jaekel 1900
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†Canadocystis barrandei Billings 1858
†Canadocystis emmonsi Hudson 1905
†Canadocystis tennesseensis Parsley and Mintz 1975
Invalid names: Sigmacystis Hudson 1911 [synonym]
Subfm. †Platycystitinae Parsley and Mintz 1975
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G. †Globulocystites Frest et al. 1979
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†Globulocystites infundus Frest 1977
†Globulocystites rotundatus Frest et al. 1979
G. †Platycystites Miller 1889
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†Platycystites cristatus Bassler 1943
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Invalid names: Platycystites bromidensis Bassler 1943 [synonym], Platycystites fimbriatus Bassler 1943 [synonym]
†Platycystites faberi Miller 1889
†Platycystites levatus Bassler 1943
†Platycystites ovalis Frest et al. 1979
Fm. †Springerocystidae Bassler 1950
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G. †Columbocystis Bassler 1950
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†Columbocystis ovata Parsley 1975
†Columbocystis typica Bassler 1950
G. †Foerstecystis Bassler 1950
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available