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Hypertragulidae
Taxonomy
Hypertragulidae was named by Cope (1879). It was considered paraphyletic by Matthew (1908).
It was assigned to Ruminantia by Matthew (1908), Gregory (1910); to Ruminantii by Jaekel (1911); to Pecora by Cook (1934); to Tragulina by Ferrusquia-Villafranca (1969); to Traguloidea by Carroll (1988); to Hypertraguloidea by Scott (1940), Vislobokova (2001); and to Artiodactyla by Johnson (1966), Lofgren et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Ruminantia by Matthew (1908), Gregory (1910); to Ruminantii by Jaekel (1911); to Pecora by Cook (1934); to Tragulina by Ferrusquia-Villafranca (1969); to Traguloidea by Carroll (1988); to Hypertraguloidea by Scott (1940), Vislobokova (2001); and to Artiodactyla by Johnson (1966), Lofgren et al. (2020).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1879 | Hypertragulidae Cope p. 66 |
| 1908 | Hypertragulidae Matthew p. 560 |
| 1910 | Hypertragulidae Gregory p. 466 |
| 1911 | Hypertragulidae Jaekel p. 234 |
| 1934 | Hypertragulidae Cook p. 151 |
| 1940 | Hypertragulidae Scott p. 507 |
| 1966 | Hypertragulidae Johnson p. 80 |
| 1969 | Hypertragulidae Ferrusquia-Villafranca |
| 1988 | Hypertragulidae Carroll |
| 2001 | Hypertragulidae Vislobokova p. S136 |
| 2020 | Hypertragulidae Lofgren et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Hypertragulidae Cope 1879
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G. †Hypertragulus Cope 1874
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†Hypertragulus chadronensis Cook 1934
†Hypertragulus crawfordensis Cook 1934
†Hypertragulus dakotensis Frick 1937
†Hypertragulus heikeni Ferrusquia-Villafranca 1969
†Hypertragulus hesperius Hay 1902
†Hypertragulus minor Frick 1937
†Hypertragulus minutus Lull 1922
†Hypertragulus planiceps Sinclair 1905
†Hypertragulus quadratus Cook 1934
†Hypertragulus sequens Cook 1934
Invalid names: Allomeryx Sinclair 1905 [synonym]
G. †Nanotragulus Lull 1922
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†Nanotragulus fontanus Stock 1935
†Nanotragulus loomisi Lull 1922
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Invalid names: Nanotragulus intermedius Schlaikjer 1935 [synonym], Nanotragulus lulli Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Nanotragulus ordinatus Matthew 1907
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Invalid names: Nanotragulus albanensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Nanotragulus matthewi Cook 1934 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hypertragulinae [empty]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| I. A. Vislobokova 2001 | Skull brachycephalic, with moderately elongated snout. Rostrum narrow. Orbits large, centrally placed with incomplete postorbital bar. Foramen ovale small, ovate, and placed approximately in midlength of alisphenoid. Auditory bulla small and moderately inflated, with medium-long external acous- tic meatus. Stylohyoid vagina encroached upon bulla and enclosed posteriorly. Petrosal small, short, and broad, set closer to horizontal plane than to parasagittal one; anteroventral border of petrosal located far from postglenoid process. Promontorium weak, short, and corresponding to main whorl of cochlea. Tensor tym- pani fossa pocketed both in lateral and medial walls. Stapedial muscle fossa narrow, sinuous, and located posteriorly. Lacrimal foramen located within orbit. Eth- moidal fissure well developed. Nasals elongated and weakly projecting anteriorly above anterior opening of nasal cavity. Palate concave. Anterior opening of nasal cavity peariform in Hypertragulus. Upper incisors absent. Upper canines medium-sized and procumbent. Lower canines incisiform. Anterior premolars short- ened. PI and pI detached and caniniform. Odontoid process on axis short arid peglike. Forelimbs short. Radius and ulna tend to be co-ossified. Fibula fused distally with tibia. Astragalus with nonparallel trochleae. Central metapodials separate. Manus pentadactyl. Pes tetradactyI. |