PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Birostrina

Bivalvia - Myalinida - Inoceramidae

Taxonomy

Birostrina was named by De Luc and Sowerby (1821) [Sepkoski's age data: K Nc K Ceno-m From Crampton (1996) - First appeared in the Lower Albian and ranges into the early/middle Cenomanian]. It is not extant.

It was synonymized objectively with Actinoceramus by Crampton (1996).

It was assigned to Inoceramidae by Elder and Box (1992); and to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002).

Species

B. coptensis, B. tamurai, Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) concentricus, Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) salomoni, Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) subsulcatus, Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) sulcatus

Species lacking formal opinion data

B. concentrica, B. salomoni, Inoceramus concentrica

Synonyms

Actinoceramus was named by Meek (1864) [Type species Inoceramus sulcatus Parkinson 1819]. It is not extant. Its type is Inoceramus sulcatus.

It was reranked as Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) by Jones (1960); it was synonymized subjectively with Birostrina by Elder and Box (1992).

It was assigned to Inoceramus by Jones (1960); and to Inoceramidae by Kiessling (2003).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1821	Birostrina De Luc and Sowerby p. 184
1864	Actinoceramus Meek p. 32
1960	Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) Jones p. 157
1992	Birostrina Elder and Box p. 11
2002	Birostrina Sepkoski
2003	Actinoceramus Kiessling

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia
—	Eubivalvia

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Autobranchia	(Groblen 1894)
infraclass	Pteriomorphia	(Beurlen 1944)
—	Ostreomorphi	Ferussac 1822
—	Ostreioni	Ferussac 1822
—	Myalinata	Paul 1939
order	Myalinida	Paul 1939
superfamily	Inoceramoidea	Giebel 1852
family	Inoceramidae	Giebel 1852
genus	Birostrina	De Luc and Sowerby 1821

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Birostrina De Luc and Sowerby 1821

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†Birostrina coptensis Casey 1961

†Birostrina tamurai Matsumoto and Noda 1986

Invalid names: Actinoceramus Meek 1864 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
W. P. Elder and S. E. Box 1992	Small, thin-shelled, inequivalve inoceramid with inflated left valve having prominent prosogyrous beak; right valve weakly inflated with poorly differentiated beak; hinge line short, thin and narrow, with or without posterior auricle; surface ornamentation of fine concentric growth lines, with or without concentric rugae or microrugae; radial folds and sulcae mayor may not be present (after Matsumoto and Noda, 1986).

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitef

Locomotion:

facultatively mobilesubc

Life habit:

epifaunalsubc

Diet:

suspension feedersubc

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2005-01-28 02:25:20

Modified:

2005-01-28 04:25:20

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class

References: Eaton 1871, Kiessling 2003, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Aptian to the top of the Late/Upper Turonian or 125.00000 to 89.30000 Ma

Collections (104 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Aptian	125.0 - 113.0	Antarctica	B. concentrica (64194 64197)
Aptian - Albian	125.0 - 100.5	Antarctica	B. concentrica (64195 64196)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	Peru	Inoceramus concentricus (88673)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	Canada (Northwest Territories)	Inoceramus concentricus (87435)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	France (Picardie)	Inoceramus concentricus (139923)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	Japan (Ishikari)	Inoceramus concentricus (40605)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	Antarctica	B. concentrica (64200 64205 64212 83364 83554)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	USA (Oregon)	Actinoceramus concentricus (229463) Inoceramus subsulcatus (88611)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	Canada (British Columbia)	Inoceramus salomoni (87662)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	United Kingdom (England)	B. subsulcata (51597) Inoceramus coptensis (1845)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	Italy (Sardinia)	B. concentrica, B. subsulcata, B. sulcata (2091)
Early/Lower Albian	112.03 - 109.0	France	B. salomoni (56521) Inoceramus coptensis (58973)
Early/Lower Albian	112.03 - 109.0	United Kingdom (England)	Actinoceramus salomoni (56357) Inoceramus coptensis (1782) Inoceramus salomoni (1783 1785 1827) Inoceramus salomoni, Inoceramus coptensis (1834 1862)
Early/Lower Albian	112.03 - 109.0	Colombia	Actinoceramus concentrica (67372) Actinoceramus subsulcatiformis (67355 67356 67357)
Early/Lower Albian	112.03 - 109.0	USA (Oregon)	Inoceramus sulcatus, Inoceramus subsulcatus, Inoceramus salomoni (88612)
Early/Lower Albian - Middle Albian	112.03 - 105.3	France	B. concentrica (58124) B. salomoni, B. concentrica (56845)
Early/Lower Albian - Late/Upper Albian	112.03 - 99.6	France	B. concentrica, B. salomoni, B. sulcata (57922) B. salomoni (58861)
Middle Albian	109.0 - 105.3	United Kingdom (England)	Inoceramus coptensis (1765)
Middle Albian	109.0 - 105.3	Ecuador	Actinoceramus concentricus (61909)
Middle Albian	109.0 - 105.3	Angola	B. coptensis (211028)
Middle Albian	109.0 - 105.3	Colombia	Actinoceramus munsoni (67471 67473 67474 67477 67478 67485)
Middle Albian	109.0 - 105.3	France	Actinoceramus concentricus (127163) B. concentrica (56550 58933) B. salomoni (56540 58422) B. sp., B. salomoni (56529)
Middle Albian	109.0 - 105.3	Brazil (Sergipe)	Inoceramus concentricus (87859)
Middle Albian	109.0 - 105.3	Egypt	B. concentrica (98326)
Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian	109.0 - 99.6	Antarctica	Actinoceramus concentricus (106267)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Colombia	Actinoceramus irenensis (68534 68535 68536) Actinoceramus munsoni (67487 67488 67504 67509 67513 67514)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	United Kingdom (England)	B. concentrica (51673) Inoceramus concentricus, Inoceramus sulcatus, Inoceramus subsulcatus (6280)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Egypt	B. concentrica (98327)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Spain	B. concentrica (3829 3831)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	France	B. concentrica (58878) B. concentrica, B. subsulcata, B. sulcata (58122) B. concentrica, B. sulcata (58431 58527) B. sp. (58560) B. subsulcata, B. sulcata (56523 56543) B. sulcata (56526 56669 58363)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Ecuador	Actinoceramus concentricus (56768)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Mozambique	Inoceramus concentricus (174809) Inoceramus concentricus, Inoceramus sulcatus (174805)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	USA (Alaska)	Inoceramus concentricus, Inoceramus sulcatus (88619)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Antarctica	B. concentrica (64193 64236)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Italy	Inoceramus concentricus, Inoceramus sulcatus (12838)
Late/Upper Albian	105.3 - 99.6	Germany (Brandenburg)	Actinoceramus sulcatus (126920)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian	105.3 - 93.9	Egypt	Actinoceramus concentricus (150874)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Antarctica	B. concentrica (83359 83367)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	New Zealand	Inoceramus concentricus (83439)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Japan (Oita)	Inoceramus concentricus (40251)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Japan	Inoceramus concentricus (141571)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Japan (Kumamoto)	Inoceramus concentricus (40171)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Japan (Iburi)	Inoceramus concentricus (39654)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Russian Federation (Sakhalin)	Inoceramus concentricus (40230)
Ngaterian	99.6 - 95.2	New Zealand	Inoceramus concentricus (83445)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Japan (Hokkaido)	Inoceramus concentricus (94684)
Middle Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Australia (Northern Territory)	Actinoceramus nipponicus (13945 13946 90671)
Turonian - Coniacian	93.9 - 86.3	USA (Alaska)	Inoceramus concentricus (88940)
Early/Lower Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Russian Federation	Actinoceramus nipponicus (84217)
Late/Upper Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Russian Federation	Actinoceramus costatus (84214)