El Simbolar (upper Lumbrera): Middle Eocene, Argentina

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Cingulata - Dasypodidae
? Utaetus magnum n. sp. Herrera et al. 2021
Herrera et al. 2021
Holotype: IBIGEO-P 109, 11 fixed, two movables, and eight caudal complete osteoderms, in addition to numerous fragmentary osteoderms, all from the same individual
Mammalia - Notoungulata - Notohippidae
Pampahippus secundus Deraco and GarcÍa-López 2016
García-López et al. 2019 8 specimens
IBIGEO-P 101
Mammalia - Notoungulata - Leontiniidae
cf. Coquenia sp. Deraco et al. 2008
Powell et al. 2011 1 specimen
PVL 6397, articulated specimen with complete skull and jaws, and the anterior third postcra- nial skeleton with almost complete forelimbs.
Coquenia bondi n. gen., n. sp. Deraco et al. 2008
Deraco et al. 2008 2 specimens
PVL 5853 (holotype). PVL 5854
Mammalia - Notoungulata - Campanorcidae
Campanorco sp. Bond et al. 1984
Powell et al. 2011 1 specimen
“Campanorco inauguralis”; PVL 6225, almost complete skull and upper dentition; IBIGEO-P 105
Mammalia - Notoungulata - Oldfieldthomasiidae
Dolichostylodon saltensis n. gen., n. sp. García López and Powell 2009
1 specimen
PVL 6219 - holotype (partial skull)
Reptilia - Sebecidae
cf. Sebecus sp. Stirton 1953
Powell et al. 2011 1 specimen
PVL 6386, almost complete articulated skull and mandibles, and three cervical vertebrae, exceptionally preserved.
see common names

Geography
Country:Argentina State/province:Salta County:Guachipas
Coordinates: 25.7° South, 65.4° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:28.1° South, 56.2° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2-3
Key time interval:Middle Eocene Mammal zone: Casamayoran
Age range of interval:47.80000 - 37.71000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Salta Formation:Lumbrera Member:Upper
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: Lumbrera Formation, above the “Faja Verde II” (Upper Lumbrera)
Powell et al., 2011: Recently, geologic and paleontologic evidence allowed the correlation of the upper levels of Lumbrera with Geste, Casa Grande, and Quebrada de los Colorados Formations. Additionally, these levels were referred to the late-middle Eocene (Casamayoran SALMA -South American Land Mammal Age-, Barrancan subage) by an U/Pb dating of 39.9 Ma . The lower levels of the Lumbrera Formation are here referred to the Vacan subage of the Casamayoran SALMA.
Fernicola et al. 2021 obtained an 238U-206Pb isochron age of 46.2 +/- 7.3 Ma for samples from the Lower Lumberer Fm, suggesting that the Lower section of the formation was deposited between 55–46Ma. "According to different authors, the fossiliferous levels of the lower section of the Lumbrera Fm. are equivalent to the Vacan Subage (del Papa et al. 2010; Powell et al. 2011; García-López et al. 2019). However, this biochronology is not supported by the absolute dating provided in this work. The top of the LSLF is now established by radioisotopy at 46. 2 ± 7.3 Ma (early Lutetian), and the record of the EECO and ETM2 in the first 150 m of the LSLF set the initial deposition of the sec- tion in the early Eocene (early Ypresian). With these new constraints, the species based on specimens recovered on the lower levels of the LSLF (this work) are chronologically equivalent to the Itaboraian SALMA (56.1–51.4 Ma; Woodburne et al. 2014; Krause et al. 2017)."
The age of the Upper Lumbrera Formation has been estimated in 39.9 +/- 0.4 Ma (U/Pb zircon recovered from a tuff layer close to the upper contact, see del Papa et al., 2010). The age of the fossil is therefore considered as middle Eocene (Bartonian)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:green mudstone
Secondary lithology:red siltstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: thick succession of reddish siltstones and sandy siltstones, with sporadic and localized intercalations of fine-grained sandstones and nodules of gypsum/anhydrite. The most outstanding features of this geological unit are its homogeneous lithology and the presence of conspicuous paleosol layers (del Papa et al., 2017).
Environment:lacustrine indet.
Geology comments: The paleoenvironmental reconstruction suggests that the Upper Lumbrera Formation represents sedimentation in a fine-grained plain, with localized fluvial and ephemeral lacustrine deposits (del Papa, 2006). Indeed, based on granulometric and petrographic analysis of the Upper Lumbrera sediments at El Simbolar, Lapiana et al. (2016) suggested a paleoenvironment of open plains constructed by the aggradation of reworked loess.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Metadata
Also known as:above the “Faja Verde II”
Database number:132937
Authorizer:P. Mannion, R. Butler, J. Zijlstra Enterer:P. Mannion, R. Butler, J. Zijlstra, G. Varnham
Modifier:G. Varnham Research group:vertebrate
Created:2012-08-29 20:43:45 Last modified:2022-05-23 06:32:54
Access level:the public Released:2012-08-29 20:43:45
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
42797. D. A. García López and J. E. Powell. 2009. Un nuevo Oldfieldthomasiidae (Mammalia: Notoungulata) del Paleógeno de la provincia de Salta, Argentina. Ameghiniana 46(1):153-164 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]

Secondary references:

71974 M. A. Armella, D. A. García-López, M. J. Babot, V. Deraco, C. M. Herrera, L. Saade, and S. Bertelli. 2020. Postcranial remains of basal typotherian notoungulates from the Eocene of northwestern Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
57641 M. V. Deraco, J. E. Powell, and G. Lopez. 2008. Primer leontínido (Mammalia, Notoungulata) de la Formación Lumbrera (Subgrupo Santa Bárbara, Grupo Salta-Paleógeno) del noroeste argentino. Ameghiniana 45(1):83-91 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion]
57545 V. Deraco and D. A. GarcÍa-López. 2016. A new Eocene Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(1):e1037884:1-11 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion]
57642 D. A. García López and J. E. Powell. 2011. Griphotherion peiranoi, gen. et sp. nov., a new Eocene Notoungulata (Mammalia, Meridiungulata) from northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(5):1117-1130 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion]
68530 D. A. García-López, V. Deraco, G. W. Rougier, C. Papa, J. Babot, S. Bertelli, C. M. Herrera and N. P. Giannini. 2019. New record of Pampahippus secundus (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from the Upper Lumbrera Formation, Eocene of northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1582537:1-5 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
81731 C. Herrera, G. Esteban, D. A. García-López, V. Deraco, J. Babot and C. Papa. 2021. New Cingulata (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Upper Lumbrera Formation (Bartonian, Middle Eocene), Salta Province, Argentina. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 24(3):236-244 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
58261 J. E. Powell, M. J. Babot, D. A. García López, M. V. Deraco, and C. Herrera. 2011. Eocene vertebrates of northwest Argentina: annotated list. In J. Salfity, R. A. Marquillas (eds.), Cenozoic Geology of the Central Andes of Argentina 349-370 [J. Zijlstra/J. Zijlstra/J. Zijlstra]