Rooidraai, Golden Gate Highlands National Park (BPI): Hettangian - Sinemurian, South Africa
collected by J. W. Kitching 1976
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Reptilia
- Massospondylidae
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Massospondylus sp.
Owen 1854
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Dinosauria indet.
Owen 1842
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7 individuals | |||||||||
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= Massospondylus sp.
Owen 1854
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Reisz et al. 2005 | |||||||||
| 10 eggs and 2 skeletons; BPI/1/5347, 5254 | ||||||||||
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= Massospondylus carinatus
Owen 1854
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Reisz et al. 2010 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | South Africa | State/province: | Free State | County: | Bethlehem |
| Coordinates: | 28.5° South, 28.6° East (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 42.8° South, 0.7° East | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
| Period: | Jurassic | Epoch: | Early Jurassic |
| Stage: | Hettangian - Sinemurian | 10 m.y. bin: | Jurassic 1 |
| *Period: | Late/Upper Triassic | *Local age/stage: | Red Bed Stage |
| Key time interval: | Hettangian - Sinemurian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 201.4 - 192.9 m.y. ago | ||
| * legacy (obsolete) database fields | |||
Stratigraphy
| Geological group: | Stormberg | Formation: | Elliot | Member: | Upper |
| Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: "approximately 3-4 m below the very marked contact between the Elliot Formation (Red Bed Stage) and very silty sandstone of the lower Clarens Formation (Cave Sandstone Stage) ... the horizon which yielded the eggs overlies which can be termed the Tritylodon assemblage zone." Upper part of formation, equivalent to Massospondylus Range Zone. | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | red or brown lithified muddy siltstone |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Lithology description: hard reddish brown sandy mudstone, also described as a "muddy siltstone" | |
| Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body,original phosphate |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Spatial orientation: | life position |
| Preservation of anatomical detail: | medium |
| Articulated whole bodies: | some |
| Associated major elements: | some |
| Disassociated major elements: | some |
| Fragmentation: | occasional |
| Spatial resolution: | autochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection excludes: | some macrofossils,species names | ||
| Collection methods: | salvage,selective quarrying,surface (float),surface (in situ),mechanical,field collection,observed (not collected) | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | paleoecologic analysis | ||
| Collectors: | J. W. Kitching | Collection dates: | 1976 |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Red Bend | ||
| Database number: | 13326 | ||
| Authorizer: | M. Uhen, M. Carrano | Enterer: | M. Uhen, M. Carrano |
| Modifier: | M. Carrano | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2002-02-23 14:43:47 | Last modified: | 2023-11-08 09:21:43 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2002-02-23 14:43:47 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 4425. | 5% 32580 | J. W. Kitching. 1979. Preliminary report on a clutch of six dinosaurian eggs from the Upper Triassic Elliot Formation, Northern Orange Free State. Palaeontologia Africana 22:41-45 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen] |
Secondary references:
| 35697 | J. F. Durand. 2001. The oldest juvenile dinosaurs from Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 33:597-603 [R. Butler/R. Butler/M. Carrano] | |
| 25375 | ETE | J. W. Kitching and M. A. Raath. 1984. Fossils from the Elliot and Clarens Formations (Karoo Sequence) of the northeastern Cape, Orange Free State and Lesotho, and a suggested biozonation based on tetrapods. Palaeontologia Africana 25:111-125 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 5974 | 5% 15020 | J. J. Moratalla and J. E. Powell. 1994. Dinosaur nesting patterns. In K. Carpenter, K. F. Hirsch & J. R. Horner (eds.), Dinosaur Eggs and Babies 37-46 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 38488 | R. R. Reisz, D. C. Evans, H.-D. Sues and D. Scott. 2010. Embryonic skeletal anatomy of the sauropodomorph dinosaur Massospondylus from the Lower Jurassic of South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(6):1653-1665 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 14095 | ETE | R. R. Reisz, D. M. Scott, H.-D. Sues, D. C. Evans, and M. A. Raath. 2005. Embryos of an Early Jurassic prosauropod dinosaur and their evolutionary significance. Science 309:761-764 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 14812 | ETE | R. R. Reisz, H.-D. Sues, D. Scott, D. Evans, and M. A. Raath. 2005. Articulated embryonic skeletons, development, and growth in the Early Jurassic prosauropod dinosaur Massospondylus (Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25(3, suppl.):104A [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 70665 | K. Stein, E. Prondval, T. Huang, J.-M. Baele, P. M. Sander and R. Reisz. 2019. Structure and evolutionary implications of the earliest (Sinemurian, Early Jurassic) dinosaur eggs and eggshells. Scientific Reports 9(1):4424:1-9 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 56176 | D. J. Varricchio, X. Jin, and F. D. Jackson. 2015. Lay, brood, repeat: nest reuse and site fidelity in ecologic time for two Cretaceous troodontid dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(3):e932797:1-9 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |