Balve-Beckum limestone quarry: Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian, Germany
collected by LWL Museum fur Naturkunde, Munster 2000—
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Urodela
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Balveherpeton hoennetalensis n. gen., n. sp.
Skutschas et al. 2020
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Skutschas et al. 2020 | 9 specimens | ||||||||
| Holotype: WMNM P76313, atlantal centrum; WMNM P76314, P76315, P76316, atlantal centra; WMNM P76317 fragmentary anterior trunk vertebra; WMNM P76318, P76319, nearly complete middle trunk vertebrae; MNMW P79401, fragment of trunk vertebrae; WMNM P79320, fragmentary anterior caudal vertebra | ||||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Albanerpetontidae
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Albanerpetontidae indet.
Fox and Naylor 1982
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Hornung et al. 2023 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| WMNM uncat. | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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Ankylosauria indet.
(Osborn 1923)
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | |||||||||
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Hypsilophodontidae indet.
(Dollo 1882)
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | |||||||||
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Iguanodontia indet.
(Baur 1891)
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | 12 specimens | ||||||||
| WMNM P48300, WMNM P48222, WMNM P81316, WMNM P81313, WMNM P81308, WMNM P81059, WMNM P48332, WMNM P81058, WMNM P81073, WMNM P81289, WMNM uncat. (ungual) | ||||||||||
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Theropoda indet.
(Marsh 1881)
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7 specimens | |||||||||
| 5 Teeth (LWL MN Ba 16, 18, 19, 20, 22); WMNM P82323 (ungual), WMNM uncat. (dorsal centrum) | ||||||||||
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Coelurosauria indet.
(Huene 1914)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| LWL Mn Ba 14 (1 tooth) | ||||||||||
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Ornithomimosauria indet.
(Barsbold 1976)
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Theda et al. 2023 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| WMNM P100817 (distal MT); WMNM P100814 (pedal ungual) | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Dromaeosauridae
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Dromaeosauridae indet.
Colbert and Russell 1969
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8 specimens | |||||||||
| LWL MN Ba 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (teeth) | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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Tyrannosauroidea indet.
Walker 1964
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5 specimens | |||||||||
| 2 teeth (LWL MN Ba 15, 21); 2 manual unguals (WMNM P41647, WMNM P82323); left quadrate (WMNM P100826) | ||||||||||
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Eusauropoda indet.
Upchurch 1995
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Hornung et al. 2023 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| WMNM P82311, right(?) manual ungual phalanx (I-2) | ||||||||||
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? Ornithopsis sp.
Seeley 1870
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Hornung et al. 2023 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| WMNM P82326, centrum of dorsal vertebra | ||||||||||
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Pterosauria indet.
(Kaup 1834)
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Hornung et al. 2023 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| WMNM uncat. | ||||||||||
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? Ornithocheiridae indet.
(Seeley 1870)
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | |||||||||
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Mesoeucrocodylia indet.
Whetstone and Whybrow 1983
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Hornung et al. 2023 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| WMNM uncat. | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Bernissartiidae
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Bernissartiidae indet.
(Dollo 1883)
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Goniopholididae
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Goniopholididae indet.
Cope 1875
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| WMNN uncat.; WMNM P47516 | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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Atoposauridae indet.
(Gervais 1871)
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | |||||||||
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? Helochelydra sp.
Nopcsa 1928
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| WMNM uncat. | ||||||||||
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= Helochelydra sp.
Nopcsa 1928
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Hornung et al. 2023 | |||||||||
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= Helochelydra nopcsai
Lapparent de Broin and Murelaga 1999
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Joyce et al. 2023 | |||||||||
| WMNM, more than 250 specimens, including more than 150 granicones, only a small number of specimens provide useful anatomical information | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Multituberculata
- Pinheirodontidae
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Bructerodon alatus n. gen., n. sp.
Martin et al. 2021
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Martin et al. 2021 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| Holotype: WMNM P79402, left M1; P79403 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Multituberculata
- Eobaataridae
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Cheruscodon balvensis n. gen., n. sp.
Martin et al. 2021
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Martin et al. 2021 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| Holotype: WMNM P79404, right dentary fragment with p4 and alveoli for p2e3 and m1e2 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Symmetrodonta
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Symmetrodonta indet.
(Simpson 1925)
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Skutschas et al. 2020 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Spalacotheriidae
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Cifellitherium suderlandicum n. gen., n. sp.
Martin et al. 2022
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Martin et al. 2022 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
| Holotype: WMNM P82305, right lower molar; WMNM P82308 and P82302, left upper molars | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Dryolestidae
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Beckumia sinemeckelia n. gen., n. sp.
Martin et al. 2022
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Martin et al. 2022 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| Holotype: WMNM P82301, left mandible with strongly worn m2–m5; WMNM P82310, lower left premolar | ||||||||||
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Minutolestes submersus n. gen., n. sp.
Martin et al. 2022
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Martin et al. 2022 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
| Holotype: WMNM P82306, left upper molar; left upper (WMNM P82304) and lower (WMNM P82307) molars | ||||||||||
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Chondrichthyes
- Hybodontiformes
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Hybodontiformes indet.
Patterson 1966
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Hornung et al. 2023 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| WMNM uncat. | ||||||||||
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Chondrichthyes
- Hybodontiformes
- Lonchidiidae
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Lonchidiidae indet.
Herman 1977
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Schwermann et al. 2018 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Germany | State/province: | North Rhine-Westphalia | County: | Märkischer Kreis |
| Coordinates: | 51.3° North, 7.9° East (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 41.6° North, 17.2° East | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||||
| Altitude: | 290 meters | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
| Period: | Cretaceous | Epoch: | Early/Lower Cretaceous |
| Stage: | Barremian | ||
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 125.77000 - 119.50000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: The karstic infill deposits of Balve were dated by the association of early angiosperm pollen as late Early Cretaceous, most probably late Barremian to early Aptian (Lanser and Heimhofer, 2013). | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | gray lithified claystone | ||
| Secondary lithology: | gray siltstone | ||
| Includes fossils? | Y | ||
| Includes fossils? | Y | ||
| Lithology description: The centre and main mass of these sediments was composed of dark-grey coal-rich clays and silts that contained numerous, up to fist-sized clasts from the immediate and more distant surroundings, including several relatively large bleached lydites and well-rounded river pebbles of vein quartz, as well as ferruginous pebbles. Also included in these almost black sediments were numerous blocks of calcite spar, some up to over 1 m3 in size The excavation level in the karstic infill at Balve is about 25 m below the upper ground level as it was before limestone mining began. The sediments at the excavation level are mostly fine-grained, and vary from finely laminated clay and silt to redeposited river sediments with some content of sand and gravel. Synsedimentary slides have been recorded as well as mass limestone blocks of up to several meters in size, which broke down from the former cave walls during sedimentation. Fusite-containing, clayeyesilty deposits have been found to be particularly rich in fossils. | |||
| Environment: | karst indet. | Tectonic setting: | non-subsiding area |
| Geology comments: Karst infill in Devonian reefal limestones. | |||
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
| Preservation of anatomical detail: | good |
| Associated major elements: | some |
| Disassociated major elements: | many |
| Disassociated minor elements: | many |
| Fragmentation: | occasional |
| Temporal resolution: | time-averaged |
| Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | selective quarrying,surface (in situ),field collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis | ||
| Collectors: | LWL Museum fur Naturkunde, Munster | Collection dates: | 2000— |
| Collection method comments: Since 2002, annual excavations have been carried out at this site | |||
Metadata
| Also known as: | Theropod locality, Busche Quarry | ||
| Database number: | 152548 | ||
| Authorizer: | P. Mannion, M. Carrano, E. Vlachos | Enterer: | J. Tennant, M. Carrano, E. Vlachos, G. Varnham |
| Modifier: | M. Carrano | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2013-11-25 14:57:48 | Last modified: | 2023-04-03 09:51:51 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2013-11-25 14:57:48 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 49111. | K.-P. Lanser and U. Heinhofer. 2015. Evidence of theropod dinosaurs from a Lower Cretaceous karst filling in the northern Sauerland (Rhenish Massif, Germany). Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 89:79-94 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant/J. Tennant] |
Secondary references:
| 84295 | J. J. Hornung, S. Sachs, and A. H. Schwermann. 2023. The first record of sauropod dinosaurs from a palaeotopographical upland environment and its implications for megaherbivorous dinosaur faunal turnover in the Early Cretaceous of northwestern Europe. Geologie und Paläontologie in Westfalen 97:3-36 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 84961 | W. G. Joyce, S. W. Evers, S. Ren, Y. Rollot, and A. H. Schwermann. 2023. The helochelydrid turtle Helochelydra nopcsai from the Early Cretaceous (late Barremian – early Aptian) fissure fills of Balve, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, including a large sample of granicones. Fossil Record 26(1):117-133 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos] | |
| 81402 | T. Martin, A. O. Averianov, J. A. Schultz and A. H. Schwermann. 2021. First multituberculate mammals from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany. Cretaceous Research 119:104699 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham] | |
| 81404 | T. Martin, A. O. Averianov, J. A. Schultz, R. Schellhorn, and A. H. Schwermann. 2022. First spalacotheriid and dryolestid mammals from the Cretaceous of Germany. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 67(1):155-175 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham/P. Mannion] | |
| 81403 | A. H. Schwermann, L. Schöllmann, and C. Pott. 2018. Vertebrate fauna of a fissure filling from the Lower Cretaceous (BarremianeAptian) of Balve, Westphalia, Germany. Terra Nostra 1:111-112 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham] | |
| 81405 | P. P. Skutschas, V. V. Kolchanov, and A. H. Schwermann. 2020. First salamander from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany. 116:104606 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham] | |
| 85878 | D. Theda, D. Nau, R. Dederichs and A. H. Schwermann. 2023. Preliminary report on the theropod fauna of a Lower Cretaceous upland ecosystem from Balve, NW Germany. 20th Annual Conference of the European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists, Abstracts. Palaeovertebrata Special Volume 1-23:255 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |