Rock Springs (Pleistocene): Late Pleistocene, Florida
collected by H. J. Gut, J. Mann, J. Todd, G. Lintner 1939

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Sirenia - Trichechidae
subspecies bakerorum: see Domning 2005
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Mammut americanum (Kerr 1792)
Woolfenden 1959
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus sp. Brookes 1828
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae
Mormoops megalophylla (Peters 1864)
a bat
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Myotis austroriparius (Rhoads 1897)
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Mylodontidae
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Cingulata - Pampatheriidae
    = Holmesina septentrionalis Leidy 1889
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Sylvilagus sp. Gray 1867
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
cf. Sigmodon sp. Say and Ord 1825
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Rodentia - Geomyidae
Thomomys orientalis Simpson 1928
Morgan 1991
Wilkins 1983
Geomys pinetis Rafinesque 1817
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus americanus Pallas 1780
Tremarctos floridanus (Gidley 1928)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Felis wiedii Schinz 1821
    = Leopardus amnicola Gillette 1976
Werdelin 1985
"Felis wiedii amnicola": "F. yagouaroundi"; "F. amnicola" of Gillette 1976
    = Puma concolor Linnaeus 1771
Morgan and Seymour 1997
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
confirmed by Nowak 1979
Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber 1775)
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
Woolfenden 1959
Webb 1974
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Bovidae
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827
Mammalia - Cervidae
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann 1780)
Mammalia - Camelidae
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Cetacea - Delphinidae
Wilkins 1983
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
original ID T. veroensis (Woolfenden 1959)
    = Tapirus veroensis Sellards 1918
Morgan 1991
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Woolfenden 1959
Mammalia - Soricidae
Wilkins 1983
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Pandionidae
Woolfenden 1959 11 specimens
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin 1788)
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Linnaeus 1766)
Woolfenden 1959 2 specimens
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae
Coragyps atratus (Bechstein 1793)
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Gaviidae
Gavia immer (Brunnich 1764)
Woolfenden 1959 46 specimens
Reptilia - Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Woolfenden 1959 2 specimens
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Woolfenden 1959 29 specimens
Woolfenden 1959 7 specimens
Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett 1813)
Woolfenden 1959 2 specimens
Woolfenden 1959 4 specimens
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocorax auritus (Lesson 1831)
Woolfenden 1959 106 specimens
Reptilia - Suliformes - Anhingidae
Anhinga anhinga (Linnaeus 1766)
Woolfenden 1959 14 specimens
Reptilia - Strigiformes - Strigidae
Strix varia (Barton 1799)
Woolfenden 1959 2 specimens
Reptilia - Columbiformes - Columbidae
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Piciformes - Picidae
Dendrocopos borealis (Vieillot 1809)
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Coraciiformes - Alcedinidae
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Aramidae
Aramus guarauna (Linnaeus 1762)
Woolfenden 1959 40 specimens
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Gruidae
Woolfenden 1959 6 specimens
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Rallidae
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Woolfenden 1959 18 specimens
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Cardinalidae
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Corvidae
Corvus ossifragus Wilson 1812
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Anas discors Linnaeus 1766
Woolfenden 1959 4 specimens
Anas fulvigula (Ridgway 1874)
Woolfenden 1959 2 specimens
Anas carolinensis Gmelin 1789
Woolfenden 1959 4 specimens
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Aythya collaris (Donovan 1809)
Woolfenden 1959 3 specimens
Aythya affinis (Eyton 1838)
Woolfenden 1959 55 specimens
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Woolfenden 1959 226 specimens
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Laridae
Woolfenden 1959 2 specimens
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
Woolfenden 1959 1 specimen
Reptilia - Phasianidae
Woolfenden 1959 10 specimens
Reptilia - Polychrotidae
Auffenberg 1956
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Florida County:Orange
Coordinates: 28.7° North, 81.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period: Quaternary Epoch: Pleistocene
Stage: Late Pleistocene 10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 6
*Local age/stage:Sangamonian
Key time interval: Late Pleistocene
Age range of interval: 0.129 - 0.0117 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: said to be Sangamonian
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: argillaceous sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "bone-bearing, argillaceous sands represent an old channel fill overlying the Ocala limestone, which is exposed in portions of the stream bed" (Woolfenden 1959)
Environment:estuary/bay
Glacial or sequence phase:interglacial
Geology comments: "probably... a sluggish depositing stream, possibly subjected to tidal flow" (Woolfenden 1959)
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Associated major elements:many
Spatial resolution:autochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:FLMNH
Collectors:H. J. Gut, J. Mann, J. Todd, G. Lintner Collection dates:discovered in 1939
Taxonomic list comments:said to be Sangamonian by Webb and late Rancholabrean by Morgan and Seymour 1997; by their definition this includes the Sangamonian
Metadata
Also known as:Rock Spring
Database number:20636
Authorizer:J. Alroy, M. Uhen, J. Bloch Enterer:J. Alroy, R. Hulbert, M. Uhen
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:vertebrate
Created:1995-03-26 00:00:00 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:1995-03-26 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
3567. S. D. Webb. 1974. Chronology of Florida Pleistocene mammals. In S. D. Webb (ed.), Pleistocene Mammals of Florida 5-31 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
50693 W. Auffenberg. 1956. Additional records of Pleistocene lizards from Florida. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences 19(2-3):157-167 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
14860 D. P. Domning. 2005. Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean Region. VII. Pleistocene Trichechus manatus Linnaeus, 1758. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25(3):685-701 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
2611 G. S. Morgan. 1991. Neotropical Chiroptera from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Florida. In T. A. Griffiths, D. Klingener, (eds.), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 206:176-213 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
2623 G. S. Morgan and K. L. Seymour. 1997. Fossil history of the panther (Puma concolor) and the cheetah-like cat (Miracinonyx inexpectatus) in Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 40(2):177-219 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
3585 L. Werdelin. 1985. Small Pleistocene felines of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 5(3):194-210 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
18730 K. T. Wilkins. 1983. Pleistocene mammals from the Rock Springs Local Fauna, Central Florida. Brimleyana 9:69-82 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
249505% G. E. Woolfenden. 1959. A Pleistocene avifauna from Rock Spring, Florida. Wilson Bulletin 71(2):183-187 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]