Lothagam 1: Messinian - Piacenzian, Kenya

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes indet. Huxley 1880
ETE occurrence; species: Osteichthyes
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotheriidae indet. Hay 1922
ETE occurrence; species: Anancinae-primitive
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Primelephas gomphotheroides Maglio 1970
Stegotetrabelodon orbus Maglio 1970
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae
Deinotherium sp. Kaup 1829
Mammalia - Rodentia - Anomaluridae
Anomaluridae indet. n. gen., n. sp. Gill 1872
ETE occurrence; species: nongliding form, mak - nov. gen. & nov. sp. replaced with family name and indet.
Mammalia - Primates - Cercopithecidae
cf. Parapapio sp. Jones 1937
ETE occurrence; species: small
cf. Cercocebus sp. Geoffroy 1812
Mammalia - Primates - Hominidae
Australopithecus cf. africanus Dart 1925
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Hyaenidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: cf. Euryboas
Mammalia - Carnivora - Viverridae
Viverridae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: cf. Civettictis
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Felidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: Felinae-large
Felidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: Machairodontinae
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hipparion primigenium (von Meyer 1829)
Hipparion sitifense Pomel 1897
ETE occurrence; species: pygmy
Hipparion turkanense Hooijer and Maglio 1974
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Ceratotherium praecox
Brachypotherium lewisi
Mammalia - Suidae
Nyanzachoerus tulotos
Nyanzachoerus cf. jaegeri Coppens 1971
Mammalia - Hippopotamidae
Hexaprotodon sp. Falconer and Cautley 1836
ETE occurrence; species: A-Lothagam
Hexaprotodon sp. Falconer and Cautley 1836
ETE occurrence; species: B-Lothagam(pygmy)
Mammalia - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: Pachytragus-like
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: cf. Kobus
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: cf. Aepyceros
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: cf. Damaliscus
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: cf. Redunca
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: cf. Rhynchotragus
Antilope sp. Pallas 1766
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816
ETE occurrence; species: A-Lothagam(large)
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816
ETE occurrence; species: B-Lothagam(small)
Tragelaphus sp. de Blainville 1816
ETE occurrence; species: sp.nov.A-Lothagam
Tragelaphus sp. de Blainville 1816
ETE occurrence; species: B-Lothagam
Mitragocerus sp. Stromer 1928
Mammalia - Giraffidae
Giraffa sp. Brisson 1762
unclassified
Leptoryteropus guilielmi
Reptilia
Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768
ETE occurrence; species: Squamata
Reptilia - Pythonidae
Pythonidae indet. (Fitzinger 1826)
ETE occurrence; species: Pythoninae
Reptilia - Testudines
Testudines indet. Batsch 1788
Wood 1976
"most closely resembles a pelomedusid" possibly new
Reptilia - Testudines - Podocnemididae
Kenyemys williamsi n. gen., n. sp. Wood 1983
Wood 1983
Podocnemis sp. Wagler 1830
ETE occurrence; species: Lothagam A
Podocnemis sp. Wagler 1830
ETE occurrence; species: Lothagam B
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionychidae indet. Gray 1825
ETE occurrence; species: Trionychidae
Cycloderma debroinae n. sp. Meylan et al. 1990
Meylan et al. 1990 1 specimen
from "lowest horizon"
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Geochelone sp. Fitzinger 1835
Reptilia
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758
ETE occurrence; species: Anseriforme
Euthecodon sp. Fortau 1920
Crocodylus sp. Laurenti 1768
Cladistia - Polypteriformes - Polypteridae
Polypterus sp. Lacépède 1803
see common names

Geography
Country:Kenya State/province:Turkana District County:Lothagam Hill
Coordinates: 2.9° North, 36.1° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:2.6° North, 36.1° East
Time
Period: Neogene Epoch: Miocene - Pliocene
Stage: Messinian - Piacenzian 10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 6
Key time interval: Messinian - Piacenzian
Age range of interval: 7.246 - 2.58 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Lothagam Formation:Lothagam 1 Member:B and C
Stratigraphy comments: ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: faunal correlation further defines age to between 5.0 and 6.0 My radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: sandstone
Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: ., ETE lithology comments: also silt
Environment:fluvial-deltaic indet.
Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: fluv_deltaic, ETE sed env 2: lake_margin ETE event: ., ETE env comment: overbank silts, paleosolsand conglomerates
Taphonomy
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:surface (in situ)
Collection size:0 specimens
Collection method comments: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 6, ; ETE museum list: KNM
Metadata
Also known as:ETE Locality 131, Lothagam 1, Lower Fauna,
Database number:21332
Authorizer:A. Behrensmeyer, P. Holroyd Enterer:A. Behrensmeyer, P. Holroyd
Modifier:J. Alroy
Created:1991-06-10 00:00:00 Last modified:2007-08-09 12:17:15
Access level:the public Released:1991-06-10 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
4648.ETE 290B. Patterson, A. K. Behrensmeyer, and W.D. Sill. 1970. Geology and Fauna of a New Pliocene Locality in North- western Kenya. Nature 226:918-921 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]

Secondary references:

5338ETE 1067P. A. Meylan, B.S. Weig, and R. Wood. 1990. Fossil soft-shelled turtles of the Lake Turkana Basin,Africa. Copeia 1:508-528 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/P. Holroyd]
5478ETE 1216R. C. Wood. 1976. An enigmatic chelonian fragment from the Pliocene of Kenya. Copeia 3:589-591 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]
61264 R. C. Wood. 1983. Kenyemys williamsi, a fossil pelomedusid turtle from the Pliocene of Kenya. In A. G. J. Rhodin, K. Miyata (eds.), Advances in herpetology and evolutionary biology: Essays in honor of Ernest E. Williams 74-85 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/M. Uhen]