Caryocrinites sphaeroidalis Community, Laurel Limestone Units 2 & 3, SE Indiana: Wenlock, Indiana

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Cayrocrinites spp.
six species total
Eucheirocrinus sp.
Carpomanon sp.
Cyclocystoidea - Cyclocystoididae
Sievertsia sp. Smith and Paul 1982
Polytryphocycloides sp. Smith and Paul 1982
Rhombifera - Caryocrinitidae
Caryocrinites sphaeroidalis
Caryocrinites stellatus
Holocystitidae
Holocystites alternatus (Hall 1861)
recombined as Holocystites (Holocystites) alternatus
Blastoidea - Fissiculata - Phaenoschismatidae
Decaschisma sp. Fay 1961
Blastoidea
Lysocystites sp.
Blastoidea - Coronata
Coronata indet. Jaekel 1918
Crinoidea - Sagenocrinida - Lecanocrinidae
Lecanocrinus sp.
Mysticocrinus sp.
Crinoidea - Cyathocrinida - Cyathocrinitidae
Gissocrinus sp. Angelin 1878
Cyathocrinites sp. Miller 1821
Crinoidea - Cyathocrinida - Thalamocrinidae
Thalamocrinus sp. Miller and Gurley 1895
Crinoidea - Calceocrinida - Calceocrinidae
Calceocrinus sp. Hall 1852
Crinoidea - Pisocrinida - Pisocrinidae
Pisocrinus (Pisocrinus) spp.
Crinoidea - Zophocrinidae
Zophocrinus howardi
Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Marsupiocrinidae
Marsupiocrinus sp. Morris 1843
Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Patelliocrinidae
Patelliocrinus spp.
Macrostylocrinus sp.
Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Periechocrinidae
Stiptocrinus benedicti
Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Eucalyptocrinitidae
Calliocrinus sp. Orbigny 1850
Eucalyptocrinites sp. Goldfuss 1831
Crinoidea - Diplobathrida - Gazacrinidae
Gazacrinus inornatus
Crinoidea - Diplobathrida - Dimerocrinitidae
Dimerocrinites sp. Phillips 1839
Cyphocrinus gorbyi
unclassified
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Rhynchonellata - Atrypida - Atrypidae
Atrypa sp. Dalman 1828
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Machaerariidae
Ferganella sp. Nikiforova 1937
Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Meristidae
Merista sp. Suess 1851
Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Meristellidae
? Cryptothyrella sp. Cooper 1942
synonym of Hindella
Trilobita - Phacopida - Calymenidae
Calymenidae indet. Milne-Edwards 1840
Demospongiae - Astylospongiidae
Astylospongia sp. Roemer 1860
Demospongiae - Streptosclerophorida - Hindiidae
Hindia sp. Duncan 1879
Heteractinida - Octactinellida - Astraeospongiidae
Astraeospongium sp. (Roemer 1860)
Anthozoa - Heliolitida - Plasmoporidae
Plasmopora sp. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Indiana
Coordinates: 39.4° North, 85.6° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:27.6° South, 51.7° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Geographic resolution:local area
Time
Period:Silurian Epoch:Wenlock
10 m.y. bin:Silurian 2
*Epoch:Early/Lower Wenlock
Key time interval:Wenlock
Age range of interval:433.40000 - 427.40000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Laurel Limestone
Stratigraphic resolution:formation
Stratigraphy comments: "Laurel Limestone, units 2 and 3 of Frest (1975). The Tennessee equivalent, a part of the upper Maddox Member, Wayne Formation, is within the Kockelella ranuliformis and amsdeni conodont Zones as defined by Barrick and Klapper (1976) and Barrick (1983)."
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:shelly/skeletal grainstone
Secondary lithology:shelly/skeletal argillaceous,cherty/siliceous wackestone
Includes fossils?Y
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "The dominant lithology is an echinoderm grainstone with occasional wackestone and packstone intervals, some cherty. Generally very little siliciclastic mud is present, but there may be as much as 10% locally. Bedding is thin, 1-5 cm, and winnowed debris layers are common.."
Environment:deep subtidal indet. Tectonic setting:cratonic basin
Geology comments: "Most likely it represents a middle to outer BA 2 to middle BA 3 community, i.e. at or slightly abov e effective wave base. No bioherms or carbonate buildups occur in association with this community."

SEP environmental call based on given information and knowledge of regional geology. Shallower than typical "deep subtidal" IMO, but doesn't really fit stated description of of shallow subtidal and is probably just below normal wave base for the most part.
Taphonomy
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:paleoecologic analysis
Metadata
Database number:26700
Authorizer:M. Foote Enterer:M. Foote
Modifier:S. Peters Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2002-10-24 12:40:55 Last modified:2003-05-04 12:16:20
Access level:the public Released:2002-10-24 12:40:55
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
4379. T. J. Frest, C. E. Brett, and B. J. Witzke. 1999. Caradocian-Gedinnian echinoderm associations of Central and Eastern North America. Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 638-783 [M. Foote/K. Koverman/P. Wagner]