Majuangou 3, Nihewan Basin: Early Pleistocene, China
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Elephas sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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| majority of fossils are Elephas. | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
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Carnivora indet.
Bowdich 1821
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Hyaenidae
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Pachycrocuta sp.
Kretzoi 1938
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus sanmeniensis
Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Coelodonta antiquitatis
(Blumenbach 1799)
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Gazella sp.
Blaineville 1816
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Cervus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Reptilia
- Struthioniformes
- Struthionidae
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Struthio sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Angiospermae
- Myrtales
- Trapaceae
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Trapa sp.
Linnaeus 1753
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| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | China |
| Coordinates: | 40.2° North, 114.7° East (view map) |
| Paleocoordinates: | 40.2° North, 114.3° East |
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
| Key time interval: | Early Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 2.58 - 0.774 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Local section: | Majuangou | Local bed: | 3 | ||
| Local order: | top to bottom | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: Thjere are 4 artefactual layers in this section - Banshan (44.3-45.0m), MJG-1 (65.0-65.5m), MJG-2 (73.2-73.56m) and MJG-3 (75.0-75.4). Only the faunal list for the latter (MJG-3) is given in this paper. Fauna is late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene, and dates for the MJG levels have been estimated by correlation with another section (Haojiatai) which is 1.5km away and has been dated using palaeomagnetism. MJG-3 therefore estimated to date to 1.66Ma. | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | black silty claystone |
| Lithology description: Greyish black silty clay. | |
| Environment: | lacustrine indet. |
| Geology comments: 'It is a lacustrine sequence with brief intervals of wetland and lake-margin sediments, and consists mainly of greyish-yellow and greyish-green clay, silty clay and silt. It is underlain by red Jurassic volcanic breccia. Loess seidments at the top of the section have been subjected to erosion.' (P. 559). | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | anthropogenic |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
| Feeding/predation traces: | fractures |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection excludes: | some macrofossils |
| Collection methods: | bulk,field collection |
| Collection size: | 1014 specimens |
| Reason for describing collection: | archaeological analysis |
| Collection method comments: 85m2 excavated to 50cm depth and 443 artefacts were found in MJG 3. Average density of in situ artefacts was 10.4 artefacts per m2, but concentrations in some areas were much higher. | |
| Taxonomic list comments:Contains leaves and fruits of aquatic plants (not all listed in text). | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | MJG III | ||
| Database number: | 51471 | ||
| Authorizer: | A. Turner | Enterer: | H. O'Regan |
| Modifier: | J. Alroy | Research group: | PACED |
| Created: | 2005-06-06 03:26:41 | Last modified: | 2010-01-28 17:34:50 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2005-06-06 03:26:41 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 13687. | PACED | R. X. Zhu, R. Potts, F. Xie, K. A. Hoffman, C. L. Deng, C. D. Shi, Y. X. Pan, H. Q. Wang, R. P. Shi, Y. C. Wang, G. H. Shi and N. Q. Wu. 2004. New evidence on the earliest human presence at high northern latitudes in northeast Asia. Nature 431:559-562 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan] |