Taima-taima Unit I: Late/Upper Pleistocene, Venezuela
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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unclassified
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? Sclerocalyptonae indet.
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| Gruhn and Bryan 1984 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Gomphotheriidae
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Haplomastodon sp.
Hoffstetter 1950
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| synonym of Notiomastodon | ||||||||||
| Gruhn and Bryan 1984 | ||||||||||
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Stegomastodon sp.
Pohlig 1912
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| Gruhn and Bryan 1984: "perhaps | ||||||||||
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= Notiomastodon platensis
Ameghino 1888
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Mothé and Avilla 2015 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Mylodontidae
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Glossotherium sp.
Owen 1840
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| Gruhn and Bryan 1984 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cingulata
- Glyptodontidae
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Glyptodon sp.
Owen 1839
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| Gruhn and Bryan 1984 | ||||||||||
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= Glyptotherium cf. cylindricum
Brown 1912
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Carlini et al. 2008 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Arctotherium sp.
Bravard 1857
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| "Pararctotherium": Gruhn and Bryan 1984 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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| Gruhn and Bryan 1984 | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Venezuela | State/province: | Falcon |
| Coordinates: | 11.5° North, 69.5° West (view map) | ||
| Paleocoordinates: | 11.5° North, 69.5° West | ||
| Altitude: | 23 meters | ||
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| Stage: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago | ||
| Age estimate: | 14010 ± 140 to 12660 ± 120 YBP (14C) |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphy comments: Radioisotopic_date error method comments
0.01266 0.00012 C14 on non-carbonate carbon 0.01273 0.00012 C14 on non-carbonate carbon 0.01339 0.00013 C14 on non-carbonate carbon 0.01401 0.00014 C14 on non-carbonate carbon bed/horizon: Unit I |
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | not reported |
| Environment: | fluvial indet. |
| Geology comments: "grey clayey sand"; a combination of slope-wash sediments and sand percolated upwards by upwelling water; overlies cobble pavement | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Articulated whole bodies: | some |
| Disassociated major elements: | some |
| Disassociated minor elements: | some |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | selective quarrying |
| Reason for describing collection: | archaeological analysis |
| Taxonomic list comments:details given by Gruhn and Bryan 1984 | |
Metadata
| Database number: | 71283 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy, C. Jaramillo | Enterer: | J. Alroy, J. Carrillo |
| Modifier: | M. Kouvari | ||
| Created: | 1999-02-09 17:59:58 | Last modified: | 2020-11-30 11:00:17 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 1999-02-09 17:59:58 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 23881. | A. L. Bryan, R. M. Casamiquela, J. M. Cruxent, R. Gruhn, and C. Ochsenius. 1978. An El Jobo mastodon kill at Taima-taima, Venezuela. Science 200:1275-1277 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] |
Secondary references:
| 37107 | A. A. Carlini, A. E. Zurita, and O. A. Aguilera. 2008. North American Glyptodontines (Xenarthra, Mammalia) in the Upper Pleistocene of northern South America. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 82(2):125-138 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap] | |
| 66428 | D. Mothé and L. Avilla. 2015. Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea). Quaternary Science Reviews 110:23-35 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] |