Taima-taima Unit I: Late Pleistocene, Venezuela

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Arctotherium sp. Bravard 1857
"Pararctotherium": Gruhn and Bryan 1984
unclassified
Gruhn and Bryan 1984
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Gruhn and Bryan 1984
Mammalia - Mylodontidae
Gruhn and Bryan 1984
Mammalia - Cingulata - Glyptodontidae
Glyptodon sp. Owen 1839
Gruhn and Bryan 1984
Carlini et al. 2008
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Haplomastodon sp. Hoffstetter 1950
Gruhn and Bryan 1984
Stegomastodon sp. Pohlig 1912
Gruhn and Bryan 1984: "perhaps
    = Notiomastodon platensis Ameghino 1888
Mothé and Avilla 2015
see common names

Geography
Country:Venezuela State/province:Falcon
Coordinates: 11.5° North, 69.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:
Altitude:23 meters
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period: Quaternary Epoch: Pleistocene
Stage: Late Pleistocene 10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 6
Key time interval: Late Pleistocene
Age range of interval: 0.129 - 0.0117 m.y. ago
Age estimate: 14010 ± 140 to 12660 ± 120 YBP (14C)
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: Radioisotopic_date error method comments
0.01266 0.00012 C14 on non-carbonate carbon
0.01273 0.00012 C14 on non-carbonate carbon
0.01339 0.00013 C14 on non-carbonate carbon
0.01401 0.00014 C14 on non-carbonate carbon
bed/horizon: Unit I
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:fluvial indet.
Geology comments: "grey clayey sand"; a combination of slope-wash sediments and sand percolated upwards by upwelling water; overlies cobble pavement
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Articulated whole bodies:some
Disassociated major elements:some
Disassociated minor elements:some
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying
Reason for describing collection:archaeological analysis
Taxonomic list comments:details given by Gruhn and Bryan 1984
Metadata
Database number:71283
Authorizer:J. Alroy, C. Jaramillo Enterer:J. Alroy, J. Carrillo
Modifier:M. Kouvari
Created:1999-02-09 17:59:58 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:1999-02-09 17:59:58
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
23881. A. L. Bryan, R. M. Casamiquela, J. M. Cruxent, R. Gruhn, and C. Ochsenius. 1978. An El Jobo mastodon kill at Taima-taima, Venezuela. Science 200:1275-1277 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

37107 A. A. Carlini, A. E. Zurita, and O. A. Aguilera. 2008. North American Glyptodontines (Xenarthra, Mammalia) in the Upper Pleistocene of northern South America. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 82(2):125-138 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap]
66428 D. Mothé and L. Avilla. 2015. Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea). Quaternary Science Reviews 110:23-35 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo]