ZPAL 1, Bill Hill, Telm 1: Ypresian, Antarctica
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Cephalopoda
- Nautilida
- Hercoglossidae
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Cimomia cf. imperialis
(Sowerby 1812)
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Dzik and Gazdzicki 2001 | |||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Terebratulida
- Terebratulidae
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Terebratulidae sp.
Gray 1840
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Bitner 1996 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| Subfamily uncertain, Gen. et sp. n. (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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Seymourella oweni
Bitner 1996
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Liothyrella sp.
Thomson 1916
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Bitner 1996 | 16 specimens | ||||||||
| 9 specimens, 4 pedicle valves and 3 brachial valves (+6 other possible specimens, not included in total) | ||||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Terebratulida
- Cancellothyrididae
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Murravia fosteri n. sp.
Bitner 1996
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Bitner 1996 | 9 specimens | ||||||||
| 8 specimens and a pedicle valve (2 measurements) | ||||||||||
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Terebratulina buckmani
Owen 1980
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Terebratulida
- Terebratellidae
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Magellania antarctica
(Buckman 1910)
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Magella australis
(Buckman 1910)
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
| original and current combination Magasella australis | ||||||||||
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Terebratella crofti
Owen 1980
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Terebratulida
- Zeilleriidae
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Macandrevia cooperi
Bitner 1996
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Terebratulida
- Laqueidae
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Laquethiris curiosa
Bitner 1996
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Terebratulida
- Bouchardiidae
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Bouchardia antarctica
Buckman 1910
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Rhynchonellida
- Hemithirididae
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Hemithiris sp.
d'Orbigny 1847
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Hemithiris antarctica
(Buckman 1910)
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Paraplicirhynchia gardzickii n. sp.
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Bitner 1996 | 6 specimens | ||||||||
| Paraplicirhynchia gardzickii gen. et sp. n. (5 specimens and a brachial valve) | ||||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Rhynchonellida
- Notosariidae
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? Plicirhynchia sp.
Allan 1947
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Bitner 1996 | 6 specimens | ||||||||
| 2 specimens, pedicle valve and 3 brachial valves (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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Notosaria sp.
Cooper 1959
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Bitner 1996 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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Notosaria seymourensis
Owen 1980
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
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Tegulorhynchia imbricata
(Buckman 1910)
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Bitner 1996 | 10 specimens | ||||||||
| 9 specimens and a pedicle valve (2 measurements) | ||||||||||
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Tegulorhynchia ampullacea n. sp.
Bitner 1996
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Bitner 1996 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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Rhynchonellata
- Rhynchonellida
- Basiliolidae
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Basiliola minuta n. sp.
Bitner 1996
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Bitner 1996 | |||||||||
| (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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Anthozoa
- Scleractinia
- Caryophylliidae
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Crispatotrochus antarcticus n. sp.
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Anthozoa
- Scleractinia
- Dendrophylliidae
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Tubastraea sp.
Lesson 1829
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Hydrozoa
- Stylasterina
- Stylasteridae
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Conopora mariae n. sp.
Stolarski 1998
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Stolarski 1998 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Antarctica |
| Coordinates: | 64.3° South, 56.7° West (view map) |
| Paleocoordinates: | 63.4° South, 63.8° West |
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text |
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
| Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Eocene |
| Stage: | Ypresian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 2 |
| Key time interval: | Ypresian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 56.00000 - 47.80000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | La Meseta | Member: | Telm 1 | ||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: The age model for the La Meseta Formation (and recently-defined Submeseta Formation) is controversial. Strontium isotopes (Ivany et al., 2008) suggest earlier ages, with the La Meseta (Telm1-Telm5) almost entirely Ypresian and the Submeseta (Telm6-Telm7) Middle-Late Eocene. Montes et al. (2013) also created an age model incorporating magnetostratigraphy to support the largely-Ypresian age for the La Meseta and Middle-Late Eocene for the Submeseta. Some mammals are similar to the radiometrically-constrained late early Eocene Paso del Sapo assemblage of Patagonia (Gelfo et al., 2009, Tejedor et al., 2009), but the mammals are not exactly similar (Bond et al., 2011). However, Douglas et al. (2014) re-evaluated the strontium data and used dinoflagellate biostratigraphy to argue for a Lutetian (Telm2-4) and younger (Bartonian to mid-Priabonian for Telm5-6) age range. Amenábar et al. (2019) also found younger ages from dinoflagellates: Lutetian (Telm1-mid Telm 3), Bartonian (mid Telm 3-mid Telm 5), and Priabonian (upper Telm 5), SPDZ10-SPDZ13. This age range is more consistent with the presence of basilosaurid whales in Telm4 and Telm7, as basilosaurids are globally-distributed first in the middle Eocene (Buono et al., 2016). Although the ages are still debated, the dinoflagellate age model of Amenábar et al. (2019) is used here.
See Kloess et al. 2020 for useful breakdown of stratigraphy of the La Peseta Formation | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | ferruginous,gray sandy siltstone |
| Secondary lithology: | sandstone |
| Lithology description: grey to red-brown limonitic sandy siltstone, sandstone and sandy pebble-conglomerate with intercalations of shelly hash | |
| Environment: | prodelta |
| Geology comments: According to Stilwell & Zinsmeister (1992), “As shallow seas invaded, by subsidence or rise in sea level, a normal shelf marine community developed during the middle Eocene to form the fossil accumulations of Telm1. The shell-bearing facies of Telm1 appear to have accumulated in low areas on an erosional surface that was flooded during the transgression. Parallel to current-ripple laminations indicate that some minor wave or current activity was associated with the transgressive event.” Combination of current ripples with overall fine-grained setting, and the presence of slumps in overlying Telm2, consistent with a prodelta environment. | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Preservation of anatomical detail: | good |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | peel or thin section,field collection |
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Metadata
| Database number: | 75456 | ||
| Authorizer: | W. Kiessling, M. Clapham | Enterer: | U. Merkel, M. Clapham, M. Manojlovic |
| Modifier: | G. Varnham | Research group: | marine invertebrate |
| Created: | 2007-10-10 04:53:18 | Last modified: | 2022-04-06 07:20:25 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2007-10-10 04:53:18 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 25457. | J. Stolarski. 1996. Paleogene corals from Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Palaeontologia Polonica 55:51-63 [W. Kiessling/U. Merkel] |
Secondary references:
| 49261 | M. A. Bitner. 1996. Brachiopods from the Eocene La Meseta Formation of Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Palaeontologia Polonica 55:65-100 [M. Clapham/M. Manojlovic] | |
| 56258 | J. Dzik and A. Gazdzicki. 2001. The Eocene expansion of nautilids to high latitudes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 172:297-312 [M. Clapham/K. Okamoto/M. Clapham] | |
| 25458 | J. Stolarski. 1998. Conopora (Stylasteridae, Hydrozoa) from the Eocene of Seymour Island. Antarctic Science 10(4):487-492 [W. Kiessling/U. Merkel] |