Alexandria Formation (Engelbreicht et al. 1962): Pliocene, South Africa
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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unclassified
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Archester patersoni
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Tubothalamea
- Miliolida
- Hauerinidae
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Quinqueloculina vulgaris
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Quinqueloculina sp.
d'Orbigny 1826
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Quinqueloculina lamarckiana
d'Orbigny 1839
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Triloculina tricarinata
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Elphidiidae
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Elphidium crispatum
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Elphidium macellum
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Elphidium sp.
Monfort 1808
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Elphidium advenum
Cushman 1922
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Nodosariata
- Nodosariida
- Nodosariidae
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Lagena hispidula
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Rotaliidae
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Rotalia audoini
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Rotalia beccarii
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Bagginidae
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Cancris ovata
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Nummulitidae
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Operculina ammonoides
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Globothalamea
- Rotaliida
- Nonionidae
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Nonion asterizans
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Nonion grateloupi
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Nonion lamarcki
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Nonion sp.
Monfort 1808
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Globothalamea
- Rotaliida
- Cibicididae
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Cibicides labatulus
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Cibicides refulgens
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Planulina wuellersdorf
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Globothalamea
- Rotaliida
- Discorbidae
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Eponides crebbsi
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Discorbis orbicularis
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Discorbis rosaceus
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Globothalamea
- Rotaliida
- Gavelinellidae
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Gyroidina planulata
Cushman and Renz 1941
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Lituolida
- Lituolidae
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Textularia sp.
Defrance 1824
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Gastropoda
- Turritellidae
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Turritella cf. knysnaensis
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Turritella sp.
Lamarck 1799
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Turritella (Haustator) planispira
Wood 1842
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Turritella (Archimediella) bicarinata
(Elchwald 1830)
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| original and current combination Turritella bicarinata | ||||||||||
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Turritella cf. tricarinata
(Brocchi 1814)
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| recombined as Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata | ||||||||||
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Gastropoda
- Potamididae
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Pirenella stowi
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Gastropoda
- Cerithiidae
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Bittium (Cerithidium) tropicale
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Ancillariidae
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Baryspira sp.
Fischer 1883
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| spelled with current rank as Amalda (Baryspira) | ||||||||||
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Olividae
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Ancilla sp.
Lamarck 1799
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Nassariidae
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Bullia annulata
(Lamarck 1816)
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Buccinidae
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Melapium patersonae
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Volutidae
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Voluta ponderos
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Voluta africana
Adegoke 1977
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Conidae
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Conus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Conus cf. proliferatus
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? Conus achatina
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Gastropoda
- Cypraeidae
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Lyncina cf. carneola
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Cypraea sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Gastropoda
- Lepetellida
- Fissurellidae
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Fissurella incarnata
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Glyphis elevata
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| synonym of Diodora | ||||||||||
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Bivalvia
- Mytilida
- Mytilidae
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Mytilus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Bivalvia
- Arcida
- Arcidae
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Barbatia alfredensis
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Barbatia nivea
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Barbatia cf. textiliosa
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Barbatia sp.
Gray 1842
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Bivalvia
- Arcida
- Glycymerididae
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Glycymeris austroafricana
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Glycymeris pilosa
(Linnaeus 1767)
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Bivalvia
- Pectinida
- Pectinidae
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Pecten sp.
Müller 1776
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Chlamys pusia
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Bivalvia
- Ostreida
- Malleidae
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Melina cf. gaudichaudi
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| spelled with current rank as Isognomon (Melina) | ||||||||||
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Bivalvia
- Ostreida
- Ostreidae
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Ostrea gryphoides
(Schlotheim 1813)
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| recombined as Crassostrea gryphoides | ||||||||||
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Ostrea atherstonei
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Ostrea redhousiensis
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Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Donacidae
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Donax serra
Roding 1798
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Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Tellinidae
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Tellina cf. perna
Spengler 1798
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| recombined as Tonganaella perna | ||||||||||
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Macoma orbicularis
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Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Psammobiidae
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Psammobia verspertina
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| spelled with current rank as Gari (Psammobia) | ||||||||||
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Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Mactridae
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Schizodesma spengleri
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| original and current combination Scissodesma | ||||||||||
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Schizodesma sp.
(Gray 1837)
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| original and current combination Scissodesma | ||||||||||
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Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Veneridae
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Chamalea rogersi
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| original and current combination Chamelea | ||||||||||
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Chamalea schwarzi
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| original and current combination Chamelea | ||||||||||
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Chamalea krigei
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| original and current combination Chamelea | ||||||||||
| SUBSPECIES: Chamalea krigei elongata | ||||||||||
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Tivela baini
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Ostracoda
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Ostracoda indet.
Latreille 1802
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Anthozoa
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Anthozoa indet.
Ehrenberg 1834
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| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | South Africa |
| Coordinates: | 34.0° South, 25.6° East (view map) |
| Paleocoordinates: | 34.1° South, 25.2° East |
| Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark |
| Geographic resolution: | local area |
Time
| Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Pliocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
| Key time interval: | Pliocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 5.33300 - 2.58000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Alexandria | ||||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | formation | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From Alexandria Formation, which unconformably overlies Late Cretaceous Sundays River Fm in places, and is overlain by eolian calcarenites. AGE: Much discussed, although not clearly in text, to range from Miocene to Pleistocene, but also possible Eocene (see Haughton pers. comm., cited in text). Assigned here to a Pliocene age, based on more recent publications (King, 1972). STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: A composite list representing the entire formation. | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | very coarse,shelly/skeletal poorly lithified calcareous "limestone" |
| Secondary lithology: | very coarse,shelly/skeletal lithified calcareous sandstone |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Lithology description: SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Compact, gritty limestones and calcareous sandstones containing abundant, mainly fragmented shells. LITHIFICATION: Poorly lithified, based on facies description, which is distinguished from "ccompact crystalline" and "porous, loosely-cemented" adjacent descriptions. | |
| Environment: | coastal indet. |
| Geology comments: ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine, probably siliciclastic (calcareous, and high in bioclastic material) facies. | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Fragmentation: | frequent |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | field collection |
| Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis |
| Collection method comments: COLLECTOR: Unknown collector. REPOSITORY: Unknown repository. | |
| Taxonomic list comments:COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda and bivalvia, and also mentioning foraminifera, brachiopoda, bryozoa, crustacea, and sharks. NOMENCLATURE: Not an authoritative publication, and with relatively antiquated nomenclature, commonly not assigned to species resolution. | |
Metadata
| Database number: | 77527 | ||
| Authorizer: | A. Hendy | Enterer: | A. Hendy | Research group: | marine invertebrate |
| Created: | 2008-01-14 17:36:09 | Last modified: | 2013-11-25 13:37:23 |
| Access level: | authorizer only | Released: | 2009-01-14 17:36:09 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 26226. | A. Ruddock. 1966. The Tertiary limestone of the southern coastal regions of Cape Province, South Africa. Sedimentary Basins of the African Coasts 49-62 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy] |