Mynhardtskraal: Capitanian, South Africa
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Rhinesuchidae
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Rhinesuchus avenanti n. sp.
Boonstra 1940
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Marsicano et al. 2017 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| SAM-PK-11489 (skull with no mandible associated) | ||||||||||
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unclassified
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Arctognathus cf. curvimola
(Owen 1876)
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Sigogneau-Russell 1989 | 1 individual | ||||||||
| SAM-PK-11490 | ||||||||||
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= Gorgonopsia indet.
Seeley 1894
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Kammerer et al. 2015 | |||||||||
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Galesuchus sp.
Haughton 1915
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
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Anomodontia
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Brachyprosopus broomi
Olson 1937
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Angielczyk et al. 2016 | 2 individuals | ||||||||
| SAM-PK-K7604a and SAM-PK- K7604b, two nearly complete but roughly preserved skulls that were found lying on top of each other and were separated during preparation | ||||||||||
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Anteosauridae
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Anteosaurus levops n. sp.
Boonstra 1954
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
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Paranteosaurus primus n. sp.
Boonstra 1954
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
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Titanosuchidae
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Jonkeria sp.
Hoepen 1916
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
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Titanosuchus ferox
Owen 1879
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
| "femur" | ||||||||||
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Parascapanodon avifontis
Boonstra 1955
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
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Tapinocephalidae
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Struthiocephalus whaitsi
Haughton 1915
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
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Bradysaurus seeleyi
Haughton and Boonstra 1929
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Boonstra 1969 | |||||||||
| "skull" | ||||||||||
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Bradysaurus vanderbyli
Haughton and Boonstra 1929
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1 individual | |||||||||
| SAM 8941 (not mentioned in Lee, 1997) | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | South Africa | State/province: | Western Cape | County: | Beaufort West |
| Coordinates: | 32.5° South, 22.2° East (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 59.8° South, 34.6° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
| Period: | Permian | Epoch: | Guadalupian |
| Stage: | Capitanian | 10 m.y. bin: | Permian 4 |
| Key time interval: | Capitanian | Zone: | Tapinocephalus |
| Age range of interval: | 264.28 - 259.51 m.y. ago | ||
| Age estimate: | minimum 261.241 ± 0.088 Ma (U/Pb) |
Stratigraphy
| Geological group: | Beaufort | Formation: | Abrahamskraal | ||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: Kitching (1977, "Distribution of the Karroo Vertebrate Fauna") assigns this locality to the middle Tapinocephalus Zone. Kammerer et al. (2015) and Angielczyk et al. (2016) list this locality as Tapinocephalus Zone. Radioisotopic data constrains the likely age of the Tapinocephalus Zone to Capitanian (Rubidge et al. 2013). | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | sandstone | ||
| Secondary lithology: | claystone | ||
| Lithology description: "fining-upward succession of sandstones and purple mudstones containing numerous thin chert bands and rich tetrapod faunas" (general lithology description of the Abrahamskraal Fm. in Catuneanu et al., 2005, J. Afr. Earth Sci. 43). | |||
| Environment: | "floodplain" | Tectonic setting: | foreland basin |
| Geology comments: " [...] deposited mainly by overbank flooding of large meandering rivers of variable sinuosity, draining an extensive alluvial plain [...]" (Catuneanu et al., 2005). | |||
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Articulated whole bodies: | none |
Collection methods and comments
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
| Collection method comments: SAM = Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Mynhartskraal, Mynhardts Kraal | ||
| Database number: | 93096 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Mueller, R. Butler, A. Dunhill | Enterer: | T. Liebrecht, E. Dunne, B. Allen, R. Butler |
| Modifier: | E. Dunne | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2010-01-04 04:31:42 | Last modified: | 2018-02-20 09:49:05 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2010-01-04 04:31:42 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 31439. | S. H. Haughton and L. D. Boonstra. 1929. Pareiasaurian studies. Part I. - An Attempt at a Classification of the Pareiasauria based on Skull Features. Annals of the South African Museum 28(1):79-87 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht/T. Liebrecht] |
Secondary references:
| 57977 | K. D. Angielczyk, B. S. Rubidge, M. O. Day and F. Lin. 2016. A reevaluation of Brachyprosopus broomi and Chelydontops altidentalis, dicynodonts (Therapsida, Anomodontia) from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin, South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1078342 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 67683 | L. D. Boonstra. 1969. The fauna of the Tapinocephalus Zone (Beaufort Beds of the Karoo). Annals of the South African Museum 56(1):1-73 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen] | |
| 57888 | C. F. Kammerer, R. M. H. Smith, M. O. Day and B. S. Rubidge. 2015. New information on the morphology and stratigraphic range of the mid‐Permian gorgonopsian Eriphostoma microdon Broom, 1911. Papers in Palaeontology [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 62606 | C. A. Marsicano, E. Latimer, B. Rubidge and R. M. H. Smith. 2017. The Rhinesuchidae and early history of the Stereospondyli (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) at the end of the Palaeozoic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 57886 | D. S. Sigogneau-Russell. 1989. Theriodontia I: Phthinosuchia, Biarmosuchia, Eotitanosuchia, Gorgonopsia. Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology [R. Butler/R. Butler/R. Butler] |