Peterborough area, Leeds Collection: Middle Callovian, United Kingdom
collected by A. N. Leeds, Esq., F.G.S. <1915

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes
Woodward 1895 1 specimen
BMNH P.6837
Woodward 1895 3 specimens
BMNH P.6839, P.6899, P.6900
Lepidotus latifrons Woodward 1893
Woodward 1895 3 specimens
BMNH P.6841, P.6838, P.6840
Reptilia - Ophthalmosauridae
Andrews 1910 37 specimens
BMNH R2133 (holotype partial skeleton first reported by Seeley 1874), R2180, R2181, R2740, R2160, R2853, R2149, R2138, R2162, R2161, R3013, R2185, R2191, R2155, R2132, R2150, R2153, R2150a, R2152, R2143, R2173, R2174, R2163, R2135, R2188, R2148, R2137, R2147, R2141, R2139, R2164, R2134, R2175, R2169, R3533, R3535, R3534
Reptilia - Pterosauria - Rhamphorhynchidae
Martill 1988 2 specimens
BMNH R1995, right ulna and partial humeri; BMNH R4759, wing-phalanx 1
    = Rhamphorhynchidae indet. Seeley 1870
Unwin 1996
Reptilia - Camptosauridae
Van Straelen 1928 1 specimen
?egg, BMNH R2903
Carpenter and Alf 1994
Reptilia
Andrews 1913 3 specimens
Holotype skull BMNH R3320, plus BMNH 3806 (nearly complete skeleton) and R2619 (partial skeleton),
Steneosaurus edwardsi Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867
Johnson et al. 2015 1 individual
NHMUK PV R3898 (refered to S. obtusidens - see above)
Reptilia - Machimosauridae
Andrews 1909
OUM J1403, J1401 - precise locality data unknown
Andrews 1913 3 specimens
Holotype partial skeleton BMNH R3168, plus BMNH R3169 and R3898 (partial postcranial skeletons) (SEE BELOW for S. edwardsi)
Andrews 1913 1 specimen
Holotype BMNH R2074, partial skeleton
Reptilia - Teleosauridae
Andrews 1913 5 specimens
Holotype BMNH R3701 (nearly complete skeleton), plus BMNH R2865, R2075, R2076, R2073
Phizackerley 1951
OUM J 1420
Andrews 1913 2 specimens
Holotype skeleton BMNH R2617, and referrred partial vertebral column BMNH R3892
Reptilia - Metriorhynchidae
Andrews 1913 2 specimens
BMNH R3540 (holotype skull), R3899
Andrews 1913 4 specimens
BMNH R3015 (holotype skull and partial postcranium), R3014, R2042, R2031
Metriorhynchus superciliosum (de Blainville 1853)
Andrews 1913 21 specimens
BMNH R2030, R2051, R1530, R2033, R3016, R2056, R2041, R2055, R1529, R2065, R2048, R2069, R2056, R2036, R2058; and possibly: R2064, R2080, R2775, R2062, R2077, R2062a
Metriorhynchus aff. moreli Deslongchamps 1867
Andrews 1913 7 specimens
BMNH R2054, R2032, R2044, R2049, R3900, R1666, R2040
Metriorhynchus brachyrhynchus (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868)
Andrews 1913 1 specimen
BMNH R3939; two other specimens listed by Andrews (1913) were reported by Leeds (1908), who gave more specific locality data (Dogsthorpe) and have been entered into collection 133068 (neotype skull: BMNH 3700; plus R3699)
Andrews 1913 2 specimens
BMNH R 3804 (holotype partial skeleton), R3541)
Young et al. 2013 5 specimens
GLAHM V1145: numerous isolated teeth, left humerus, coracoids, femur, ilium; GLAHM V1399/9: isolated tooth; GLAHM V1402/5: isolated tooth; GLAHM V1430: isolated tooth; GLAHM V1436: numerous isolated teeth. All from near Peterborough, England (Peterborough Member, Oxford Clay Formation; Middle Callovian)
Sachs et al. 2019
NHMUK PV R 3321, NHMUK PV R 4696, NHMUK PV R 4763
Lydekker 1890 4 specimens
Holotype BMNH R1994, mandibular symphysis — from Water Newton rather than Peterborough according to Young et al (2010), but Young pers. comm. suggested some uncertainty over this data and both Seeley and Andrews (1913) gave Peterborough as the locality; Andrews (1913) additionally listed BMNH R3321, R2039, R2618
Reptilia - Plesiosauria - Pliosauridae
Ketchum and Benson 2011 1 specimen
BMNH R2439
Andrews 1913 1 specimen
BMNH R3891
Tarlo 1960
BMNH R3891 (holotype partial skeleton)
Andrews 1913 1 specimen
BMNH R3536 (skeleton)
Tarlo 1960 1 specimen
BMNH R3319 (holotype skeleton)
Andrews 1913 19 individuals
CAMSM J.46913, NHMUK (=BMNH) R2440, NHMUK R2441, NHMUK R2444, NHMUK R2679, NHMUK R3318, NHMUK R3803, NHMUK R4058, CAMSM (X.50163), LEICT G418.1956.33, GPIT RE/3409, GPIT uncatalogued 1 (Leeds specimen 49, mounted in gallery), GPIT uncatalogued 2 (holotype of P. philarchus var. spathyrhynchus), MB.R.3631, PETMG R73, SMF R14, SMNS 10113, UNIL 9865 (some of these were referred by Ketchum & Benson, who excluded BMNH R2439, originally referred to P. philarchus by Andrews 1913)
Reptilia - Plesiosauria - Cryptoclididae
Brown 1981 2 specimens
NMW 19.96.G7 (pectoral girdle), HMG V.1800 (humerus)
Brown 1981 6 individuals
BMNH R2422, R2424, R2426, R2863, R2864, R3704; Brown (1981) also listed the holotype (BMNH R2421) from this locality, but this is incorrect
2 individuals
BMNH R2628 (holotype), R2861
Seeley 1892 1 specimen
BMNH R2678
Muraenosaurus beloclis n. sp. Seeley 1892
Seeley 1892 4 individuals
BMNH R1965 (holotype), R2739, R3698, R2429
Brown 1981 15 individuals
15+ individuals listed by Brown (1981): BMNH R2860 (neotype almost complete skeleton), R2412, R2416, R2417, R2616, R2862, R3538, R3703, R3730, R8621, HMGV (Hunterian Museum, Glasgow) V1091, V1104, V1807, V1809, V1835
Smellie 1915 1 individual
HMG V1091 (holotype of A. teretipes)
see common names

Geography
Country:United Kingdom State/province:England County:Cambridgeshire
Coordinates: 52.6° North, 0.2° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:36.0° North, 18.6° East (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:local area
Time
Period: Jurassic Epoch: Middle Jurassic
Stage: Callovian 10 m.y. bin: Jurassic 5
Key time interval: Middle Callovian Ammonoid zone:  Sigaloceras (Catasigaloceras) enodatum - Kosmoceras phaeinum
Age range of interval: 165.3 - 161.5 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Ancholme Formation:Oxford Clay Member:Peterborough
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: "The Peterborough Member (Sigiloceras enodatum (Sigiloceras calloviense Zone)–Kosmoceras phaeinum (Peltoceras athleta Zone) ammonite Subzone: late Early–early Late Callovian, Middle Jurassic, previously termed the ‘lower Oxford Clay’"
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: lithified carbonaceous mudstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "The Lower Oxford Clay is composed predominantly of organic-rich mudstones that on exposure rapidly develop a shale-like fissility" (Hudson & Martill 1991, p. 20-21)
Environment:offshore
Geology comments: "accumulated in a wide, shallow (30–50 m deep) epeiric sea"
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:excellent
Abundance in sediment:abundant
Fragmentation:occasional
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (in situ),survey of museum collection
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:BMNH,SMF,SMNS
Collectors:A. N. Leeds, Esq., F.G.S. Collection dates:<1915
Collection method comments: Hunterian Museum of Geology, Glasgow, UK
Metadata
Database number:109800
Authorizer:M. Carrano, P. Wagner, R. Benson, M. Clapham, P. Mannion Enterer:H. Street, P. Vazquez, J. Tennant, P. Wagner, R. Benson, M. Carrano
Modifier:P. Wagner Research group:vertebrate
Created:2011-05-27 06:12:01 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:2011-05-27 06:12:01
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
33960. R. Lydekker. 1889. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia, Part II. Containing the orders Ichthyopterygia and Sauropterygia [M. Carrano/H. Street/R. Benson]

Secondary references:

46171 C. W. Andrews. 1909. On some new Plesiosauria from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Annals And Magazine of Natural History 4:418-429 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
50059 C. W. Andrews. 1909. On some new steneosaurs from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3:299-308 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
33941 C. W. Andrews. 1910. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Marine Reptiles of the Oxford Clay. Based on the Leeds Collection in the British Museum (Natural History), London. Part I [M. Carrano/H. Street]
30974 C. W. Andrews. 1911. The fossil reptiles of the Oxford Clay. Transactions of the Ealing Natural History and Microscopy Society 1911-12:6-8 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
33944 C. W. Andrews. 1913. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Marine Reptiles of the Oxford Clay. Based on the Leeds Collection in the British Museum (Natural History), London. Part II [M. Carrano/H. Street]
50462 C. W. Andrews. 1915. Note on a fore-paddle of Metriorhynchus from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Geological Magazine 2:444-447 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
63706 Anonymous. 1950. A dinosaur egg from Tanganiyka?: A find related to other discoveries. Illustrated London News 217(5828):1083 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
33993 D. S. Brown. 1981. The English Upper Jurassic Plesiosauroidea (Reptilia) and a review of the phylogeny and classification of the Plesiosauria. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 35(4):253-347 [M. Carrano/H. Street/H. Street]
14221ETE K. Carpenter and K. Alf. 1994. Global distribution of dinosaur eggs, nests, and babies. In K. Carpenter, K. F. Hirsch, and J. R. Horner (eds.), Dinosaur Eggs and Babies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 13-30 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
56092 M. M. Johnson, M. T. Young, L. Steel and Y. Lepage. 2015. Steneosaurus edwardsi (Thalattosuchia: Teleosauridae), the largest known crocodylomorph of the Middle Jurassic. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 115:911-918 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
36273ETE H. F. Ketchum and R. B. J. Benson. 2011. The cranial anatomy and taxonomy of Peloneustes philarchus (Sauropterygia, Pliosauridae) from the Peterborough Member (Callovian, Middle Jurassic) of the United Kingdom. Palaeontology 54(3):639-665 [M. Carrano/H. Street]
42560 R. Lydekker. 1890. On a crocodilian jaw from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 46:284-288 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
14480ETE D. M. Martill. 1988. A review of the terrestrial vertebrate of fossils of the Oxford Clay (Callovian-Oxfordian) of England. Mercian Geologist 11(3):171-190 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
46063 D. M. Martill and J. D. Hudson. 1991. Fossils of the Oxford Clay 1-286 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
42571 E. E. Maxwell, M. S. Fernández, and R. R. Schoch. 2012. First diagnostic marine reptile remains from the Aalenian (Middle Jurassic): a new ichthyosaur from southwestern Germany. PLoS ONE 7(8):e41692 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
50075 P. H. Phizackerley. 1951. A revision of the Teleosauridae in the Oxford University Museum and the British Museum. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History 12(4):1170-1192 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
71489 S. Sachs, M. M. Johnson, M. T. Young and P. Abel. 2019. The mystery of Mystriosaurus: Redescribing the poorly known Early Jurassic teleosauroid thalattosuchians Mystriosaurus laurillardi and Steneosaurus brevior. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64(3):565-579 [G. Lloyd/G. Lloyd/G. Varnham]
46676 P. M. Sander. 2000. Ichthyosauria: their diversity, distribution and phylogeny. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 74(1/2):1-35 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
34504 H. G. Seeley. 1892. The Nature of the Shoulder Girdle and Clavicular Arch in Sauropterygia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 51:119-151 [M. Carrano/H. Street]
38368 W. R. Smellie. 1915. On a new plesiosaur from the Oxford Clay. Geological Magazine, decades 6 2:341-343 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
63813 W. E. Swinton. 1950. Fossil eggs from Tanganyika. The Illustrated London News 217(5828):1082-1083 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
38384 L. B. Tarlo. 1960. A review of Upper Jurassic pliosaurs. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series 14(5):147-189 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
30893 D. M. Unwin. 1996. The fossil record of Middle Jurassic pterosaurs. In M. Morales (ed.), The Continental Jurassic, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 60:291-304 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
59215 V. Van Straelen. 1928. Les oeufs de reptiles fossiles [The eggs of fossil reptiles]. Palaeobiologica 1:295-312 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
44183 M. T. Young, M. B. d. Andrade, S. L. Brusatte, M. Sakamoto, and J. Liston. 2013. The oldest known metriorhynchid super-predator: a new genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of England, with implications for serration and mandibular evolution in predacious clades. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology [R. Benson/R. Benson/M. Young]
42555 M. T. Young, S. L. Brusatte, M. Ruta and M. B. Andrade. 2010. The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometric morphometrics, analysis of disparity, and biomechanics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158(4):801-859 [R. Benson/R. Benson/M. Young]