Camel Sputum Site: Burdigalian, Australia
collected 2000

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Diprotodontia - Macropodidae
Ganguroo bilamina Cooke 1997
Travouillon et al. 2014 34 specimens
QM F19870, left dentary with m1-4, QM F19868, left dentary with i1, p3, m2-3, QM F19966, left dentary with p3, m1-4, QM F30400, left dentary with m2-4, QM F56996, left dentary with dp3, p3, m1-3, m4 in crypt, QM F19607, left dentary with p3, m1-3, QM F20248, right dentary with dp2-3, m1, QM F20254, right dentary with m4, QM F23486, right dentary with worn m2-4, QM F20246, right dentary with p3, QM F20019, left dentary with dp2, m1, QM F56994, left dentary with p3, QM F19903, left dentary with i1, dp2-3, p3, m1- 3, QM F56254, right dentary with i1, dp2-3, p3, m1- 3, QM F56259, right dentary with p3, m1-4, QM F24744, right dentary with dp2-3, m1-3, QM F56995, right maxilla with dP3, P3, M1, QM F19696, skull with right and left P3, M1-3, QM F19958, left maxilla with M1-3, QM F20705, left maxilla with P3, M1-2, broken M3, QM F19900, left maxilla with M1-4, QM F19695, left maxilla with P3, M1-2, QM F20253, right maxilla with P3, M1, bro- ken M2, QM F19861, left maxilla with dP2-3, M1-3, QM F19976, left maxilla with dP2-3, M1, QM F19957, left maxilla with broken M1, M2-4, QM F19857, right maxilla with dP2-3, M1-3, QM F19975, left maxilla with M1-3, QM F19959, left maxilla with M2-3, QM F20017, right maxilla with P3, M1-4, QM F56990, left maxilla with broken M2- 3, M4, QM F30436, left maxilla with M1-3, QM F30343, left maxilla with dP2-3, M1-2, QM F36230, right maxilla with M1-3;
Gumardee keari Travouillon et al. 2022
Travouillon et al. 2022
QM F20496, QM F30553; QM F19860, left dentary with m1–3; QM F19888, left dentary with m1–2; QM F19902, left dentary with p3, m1–2, broken m3; QM F19980, right maxilla with M1–4; QM F20027, right dentary with m2–4; QM F20249, left den- tary with p3, m1–4; QM F23489, left juvenile maxilla with P2, dP3, P3 out of its crypt, M1–2; QM F24606, left dentary withQM F19860, left dentary with m1–3; QM F19888, left dentary with m1–2; QM F19902, left dentary with p3, m1–2, broken m3; QM F19980, right maxilla with M1–4; QM F20027, right dentary with m2–4; QM F20249, left den- tary with p3, m1–4; QM F23489, left juvenile maxilla with P2, dP3, P3 out of its crypt, M1–2; QM F24606, left dentary with QM F19860, left dentary with m1–3; QM F19888, left dentary with m1–2; QM F19902, left dentary with p3, m1–2, broken m3; QM F19980, right maxilla with M1–4; QM F20027, right dentary with m2–4; QM F20249, left den- tary with p3, m1–4; QM F23489, left juvenile maxilla with P2, dP3, P3 out of its crypt, M1–2; QM F24606, left dentary with i1, p3, m1–4; QMF30429, right maxilla with M1–3, broken M4; QM F30440, right maxilla with P3, M1–4; QM F31449, left maxilla with M2–3; QM F31451, left dentary with m3; QM F36329, left P3 cap and M1; QM F57547, left maxilla with P3, M1–4; QM F57549, right dentary with p3, m1–4; QM F57597, right dentary with p3, m1–4
Gumardee webbi Travouillon et al. 2022
Travouillon et al. 2022
QM F23204; QM F19838, left dentary with p3, bro- ken m1, m2, broken m3, m4; QM F19906, right maxilla with P3, M1, damaged M2–3, M4; QM F19968, right den- tary with m3–4; QM F20031, broken right P3; QM F23204, left dentary with i1, p2, dp3, m1–2, m4 in crypt.
Cookeroo hortusensis Butler et al. 2016
Butler et al. 2016 33 specimens
Mammalia - Diprotodontia - Palorchestidae
Ngapakaldia bonythoni Stirton 1967
Black 2010
Mammalia - Diprotodontia - Phascolarctidae
Priscakoala lucyturnbullae Black et al. 2012
Black et al. 2012
Mammalia - Diprotodontia
Bulungamaya delicata Flannery et al. 1982
Travouillon et al. 2014 20 specimens
QM F30390, right dentary with i1, p3, m1-4, QM F19961, left dentary with m1-4, QM F20255, right dentary with m3-4, QM F22761, left dentary with m1-2, QM F30392, right dentary with dp3, p3, m1- 2, QM F30394, right dentary with p3, m1-4, QM F30395, right maxilla with P3, M1-4, QM F19962, right dentary with m4, QM F19984, left dentary with m1, QM F19974, right dentary with m1-2, QM F30723, right dentary with m1-3, QM F57023, left maxilla with P3, M1-4, QM F19965, right maxilla with P3, M1-2, half of M3, QM F19954, left maxilla with M2-4, QM F19953, left maxilla with dP3, M1-2, QM F23491, right maxilla with M1-3, QM F20285, left maxilla with dP3, M1-2, QM F19675, right max- illa with P3, M1-2, QM F20310, right maxilla with M2-4
Nowidgee matrix Cooke 1997
Black et al. 2012
Mammalia - Peramelemorphia - Yaralidae
Yarala burchfieldi Muirhead and Filan 1995
Muirhead and Filan 1995
Mammalia - Peramelemorphia
Galadi speciosus Travouillion et al. 2010
Travouillion et al. 2010
Mammalia - Dasyuromorphia - Thylacinidae
Wabulacinus ridei n. gen., n. sp. Muirhead 1997
Muirhead 1997
Mammalia - Yalkaparidontia - Yalkaparidontidae
Yalkaparidon coheni Archer et al. 1988
Archer et al. 1988
partial disarticulated skull (holotype QM F13008) and right maxillary fragment (paratype QM F13011)
Reptilia - Madtsoiidae
Nanowana godthelpi n. sp. Scanlon 1997
Scanlon 1997 16 specimens
QMF 31379 (holotype), partial to complete maxillae, palatines and pterygoids; QMF 31383, 31384, associated dentaries and compounds; QMF 20892, 23052, 23053, 23054, 23056, dentaries; QMF 31380, 31382, 31386, 31387, maxillae; QMF 31381, palatine; QMF 23058, 31393, pterygoids; QMF 19741, trunk vertebrae
Nanowana schrenki Scanlon 1997
Scanlon 1997 3 specimens
QMF 23051, dentary; QMF 23082, 31388, maxilla fragments
Yurlunggur sp. Scanlon 1992
2 individuals
associated and partly articulated skeleton of a small adult (QM F45391), plus additional material of (an) associated partial skeleton(s) as well as several isolated cranial bones (QM F23046, F23049, F23050, F23057, F39330, F51379; AR 10589, 10684, 10779, 12467)
Wonambi barriei Scanlon and Lee 2000
Scanlon and Lee 2000 5 specimens
QM F23047 + 23048, right and left pterygoid; QM F23077 + 23078, posterior portions of left mandibular ramus; AR 12467, anterior part of right dentary (listed in Scanlon, 2005)
? Wonambi barriei Scanlon and Lee 2000
Scanlon 2005 2 specimens
QM F40190, almost complete left palatine; QM F40191, fragments of the right palatine; both are already listed in Scanlon & Lee (2000) but in Scanlon (2005) it says "attribution to Wonambi uncertain"
see common names

Geography
Country:Australia State/province:Queensland
Coordinates: 19.1° South, 138.7° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:29.9° South, 135.1° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period: Neogene Epoch: Miocene
Stage: Burdigalian 10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 5
Key time interval: Burdigalian Zone:  Faunal Zone B
Age range of interval: 20.44 - 15.98 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: The CS Site is listed among "System B"-aged sites in Travouillon et al. (2006, Alcheringia, 30, Suppl. 1, 323-349).
The suboptimal stratigraphic nomenclature of Archer et al. (1997, Mém. Trav. École Prat. Hautes Études Inst. Montpellier, 21, 131–152) is replaced by a concept of faunal zones by Arena (2004, PhD thesis, Uviv. New South Wales, Sydney), confirmed by Travouillon et al. (2006). Faunal Zones A, B, C are identical to "Systems" A, B, C of Archer et al. (1997). Faunal Zone B is Early Miocene in age.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: "carbonate"
Lithology description: Fossiliferous rocks of the Riversleigh area are said to represent freshwater carbonates whose depositional history appears to involve a complex sequence of fluvial and karst processes (Archer et al., 2006, Alcheringia, 30, Suppl. 1, 1-17 and references cited therein).
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:excellent
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:acetic,survey of museum collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection dates:2000
Collection method comments: "Riversleigh fossils are rarely articulated but usually undistorted, can be completely freed from matrix with acid [...]." (Scanlon, 2006).
QMF = paleontology collections of Queensland Museum
AR = Michael Archer reference collection, University of New South Wales (possibly serving as temporary registration)
Taxonomic list comments:Scanlon& Lee (2000) list one maxillary fragment (QM F39932) as belonging to Wonambi barriei, but later (Scanlon, 2005) states that it "appears too large to be consistent with the same taxon."
Scanlon (2005) lists specimen no. AR 12476 twice: for Wonambi and again for Yurlunggur, in both cases with reference to mandibular fragments.
Scanlon (2006) only gives detailed information on the most complete specimen but states that "disarticulated vertebrae of several other (larger and smaller) Yurlunggur individuals were recovered from the same blocks".
Metadata
Also known as:CS Site, Godthelp’s Hill, D-Site Plateau, Riversleigh
Database number:134946
Authorizer:J. Mueller, P. Mannion, A. Dunhill, M. Uhen, R. Butler, J. Alroy Enterer:T. Liebrecht, A. Garcia Selles, R. Butler, M. Uhen, B. Allen, G. Varnham
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:vertebrate
Created:2012-10-19 04:19:16 Last modified:2020-08-03 12:37:19
Access level:the public Released:2012-10-19 04:19:16
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
17426. J. D. Scanlon. 2006. Skull of the large non-macrostomatan snake Yurlunggur from the Australian Oligo-Miocene. Nature 439:839-842 [J. Head/J. Head]

Secondary references:

42924 M. Archer, S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239(4847):1528-1531 [J. Alroy/A. Garcia Selles]
43211 K. H. Black. 2010. Ngapakaldia bonythoni (Marsupialia, Diprotodontidae): new material from Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, and a reassessment of the genus Bematherium. Alcheringa 34(4):471-492 [J. Alroy/A. Garcia Selles]
43109 K. H. Black, M. Archer, and S.J. Hand. 2012. New Tertiary koala (Marsupialia, Phascolarctidae) from Riversleigh, Australia, with a revision of phascolarctid phylogenetics, paleoecology, and paleobiodiversity. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(1):125-138 [J. Alroy/A. Garcia Selles]
59034 K. Butler, K. J. Travouillon, G. J. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2016. Cookeroo, a new genus of fossil kangaroo (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) from the Oligo-Miocene of Riversleigh, Northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(3):e1083029 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
43032 J. Muirhead. 1997. Two new early Miocene thylacines from Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoirs of The Queensland Museum 41:367-377 [J. Alroy/A. Garcia Selles]
43416 J. Muirhead and S. Filan. 1995. Yarala burchfieldi, a Plesiomorphic Bandicoot (Marsupialia, Peramelemorphia) from Oligo- Miocene Deposits of Riversleigh, Northwestern Queensland. Journal of Paleontology 69(1):127-134 [J. Alroy/A. Garcia Selles]
73261 T. J. Myers, K. H. Black, M. Archer and S. J. Hand. 2017. The identification of Oligo-Miocene mammalian palaeocommunities from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Australia and an appraisal of palaeoecological techniques. PeerJ 5(e3511):1-31 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
17333 J. D. Scanlon. 1997. Nanowana gen. nov., small madtsoiid snakes from the Miocene of Riversleigh: sympatric species with divergently specialised dentition. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 41(2):393-412 [J. Head/J. Head]
58841 J. D. Scanlon. 2005. Cranial morphology of the Plio-Pleistocene giant madtsoiid snake Wonambi naracoortensis. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50(1):139-180 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht/M. Uhen]
12828 J. D. Scanlon and M. S. Y. Lee. 2000. The Pleistocene serpent Wonambi and the early evolution of snakes. Nature 403:416-420 [J. Head/J. Head/J. Head]
43037 K. J. Travouillion, Y. Gurovich, R. M. D. Beck and J. Muirhead. 2010. An exceptionally well-preserved short-snouted bandicoot (Marsupialia; Peramelemorphia) from Riversleigh's Oligo-Miocene deposits, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(5):1528-1546 [J. Alroy/A. Garcia Selles/A. Garcia Selles]
80801 K. J. Travouillon, K. Butler, M. Archer and S. J. Hand. 2022. Two new species of the genus Gumardee (Marsupialia, Macropodiformes) reveal the repeated evolution of bilophodonty in kangaroos. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
57555 K. J. Travouillon, B. N. Cooke, M. Archer and S. J. Hand. 2014. Revision of basal macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with descriptions of new material of Ganguroo bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a new species. Palaeontologia Electronica 17(1):1-34 [R. Close/R. Close]