PBDB Collection

Gaillard Cut: Early Hemingfordian, Panama
collected by R. H. Stewart, J. A. Stewart and F. C. Whitmore 1956-1968

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Mammalia - Merycoidodontidae

	Merycochoerus matthewi Loomis 1924
	USNM 23158, R mandible with partial p4, partial m1, m2–m3; USNM 23159, partial skull with R C and P1, R and L M1–M3, and incomplete zygomatic arches, R man- dible with partial m1, m2–m3, L mandible with m2–m3; 23162, R m2; 171016, L p1 (fragments from other taxa are included in this catalog entry); 23163, upper molar crescent and unworn m3 tal- onid; other uncatalogued fragments in USNM collection. (2 measurements)
Mammalia - Camelidae

	cf. Floridatragulus nanus Patton 1969	MacFadden et al. 2014
Mammalia - Moschidae

	cf. Parablastomeryx sp. Frick 1937	MacFadden et al. 2014

	cf. Machaeromeryx sp. Matthew 1926	MacFadden et al. 2014
Mammalia - Protoceratidae

	Paratoceras wardi Patton and Taylor 1973
	Upper dentition: USNM 23153, maxilla with R P3–M3; 23165, partial maxilla with L M1–M3; 23171, R and L M1; 23179, R M1; 171040, cranial fragment with L frag- ment P4, M1–M3. Lower dentition: 23147, L partial mandibular ramus with m1–m3; 23148, L mandible with fragment with p4, m1–m3; 23149, R mandible with dp2–dp4, m1; 23152, L m3; 23154, R partial mandible with p2–m3; 23155, R m1–m3; 23161, L p4–m3; 23170, partial mandible with L p3, m1–m3 and R m1; 23172, L ?dpx, m2–m3; 171006, fragmentary L mandible with p3–p4; 171011, R p3; 171029, L m1–m2; 171025, Rm2; SMU 68102, L p4–m3. Miscellaneous isolated or associated upper and/ or lower cheek teeth: USNM 23151; 23168, 23173–23176, 171027, 171030, 171032–171036, plus uncatalogued specimens; 171037– 171038, tooth fragments. Postcranials: 171028, limb bone frag- ments, L astragalus
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

	Floridaceras whitei Wood 1964
	USNM 183060, R and L mandibles with i2 tusks, R p2–m3, L p2–p4, m1, m2; 23178, R partial mandible with m3 erupting; 23186, Lp3; 23189 (part), Lp2; 23190, Lp4; 171001, R femur fragment with head and distal articular surfaces (also see list of unallocated fragments listed above under Meno- ceras barbouri)

	Menoceras barbouri (Wood 1964)
	USNM 23187, R I1; 23189 (part), R M3 and Lp2; 484439, RP2; 171005, R partial humerus with shaft and distal end. (Taxonomically unallocated material referable to Rhinocerotidae in the Gaillard Cut L. F. includes USNM 23188, upper molar fragment; 23179, upper tooth; 171026, partial upper cheek tooth; 23190, L m1; 23186, L p3; 171009, 23167, 23176, 23185, tooth enamel fragments; 171004, thoracic vertebra; and miscellaneous uncatalogued specimens)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Anchitherium clarencei Simpson 1932
	USNM 23156, L upper cheek tooth; USNM 494438, mandibular fragment with R p2–p4.

	Archaeohippus sp. Gidley 1906
	USNM 23157, R M1 or M2; 23184, R calcaneum.
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae

	Bassaricyonoides sp. Baskin and Morea 2003	MacFadden et al. 2014
Mammalia - Carnivora - Amphicyonidae

	cf. Daphoenodon sp. Peterson 1909	MacFadden et al. 2014
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

	Tomarctus brevirostris Cope 1873
	USNM 494437, partial L mandible with m1; 49440 (part), R c, and m3.
unclassified

	Taxon indet.
	Family Amphicyonidae Haeckel (1866) or Hemicyonidae: USNM 171010, L radius with proximal articular surface and proximal portion of the shaft (body); USNM 49440 (part), proximal L ulnar fragment
Mammalia - Rodentia

	Texomys stewarti Slaughter 1981	MacFadden et al. 2014
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae

	Nototamias sp. Pratt and Morgan 1989	MacFadden et al. 2014
	new sp.

	Petauristodon sp. Engesser 1979	MacFadden et al. 2014
	new sp.
Mammalia - Rodentia - Heteromyidae

	Proheteromys sp. Wood 1932	MacFadden et al. 2014
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae

	Phyllostominae indet. Gray 1825	MacFadden et al. 2014
	New genus and sp. of large insectivorous phyllostomine
see common names

Country:	Panama	State/province:	Panama City
Coordinates:	9.0° North, 79.7° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:
Basis of coordinate:	estimated from map

Period:	Neogene	Epoch:	Miocene
Stage:	Burdigalian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 5
Key time interval:	Early Hemingfordian	Mammal zone:	Hemigfordian
Age range of interval:	18.5 - 16.3 m.y. ago
Age estimate:	19.12 ± 0.42 Ma (Sr isotope) to 18.81 ± 0.30 Ma (U/Pb)

Formation:	Cucaracha
Stratigraphic resolution:	formation
Stratigraphy comments: The Cucaracha Formation at the Gaillard Cut is underlain by the marine Oligo-Miocene Culebra Formation and overlain by the Panama Formation, the latter of which includes marine (La Boca) and volcanic (Pedro Miguel Agglomerate) sediments reported to be early Miocene in age (Woodring, 1957)

Primary lithology:	tuffaceous,green,yellow lithified sandy,conglomeratic claystone
Lithology description: The fossil mammals were collected from the Cucaracha Formation, which principally consists of “massive generally grayish yellow green waxy highly slickensided bentonic clay” (Woodring, 1957:39) that forms distinctive outcrops along the Canal. This formation also contains sands and pebble conglomerates, lignitic beds (also see Graham, 1988), and a dacitic welded tuff.
Environment:	deltaic indet.

Modes of preservation:	body,original phosphate
Size of fossils:	macrofossils

Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Collectors:	R. H. Stewart, J. A. Stewart and F. C. Whitmore	Collection dates:	1956-1968
Taxonomic list comments:The majority of these fossils were collected from “Cucaracha Reach, Station 1998–00, 600 feet west of the center line of Panama Canal. Two other entries were made to document smaller parts of this collection: (1) 1956; “Contractor’s Hill, Gaillard Cut, Canal Zone, Cucaracha formation (lower Miocene), about 35 feet above top of ash flow.” Data with USNM 171001 (rhino R femur); and (2) 1965; “Cucaracha exposure in Cucaracha Reach, south of Contractor’s Hill, ex- tends from Station 1997 to Station 2006, a distance of 900 feet.” (Whitmore, F. C., Jr., unpublished field notes, book 3 [1960 to 1969], page 17. Archived in Department of Paleobiology, USNM).

Database number:	144879
Authorizer:	C. Jaramillo	Enterer:	J. Ceballos, J. Carrillo
Modifier:	J. Carrillo
Created:	2013-05-19 06:03:48	Last modified:	2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:	group members	Released:	2015-05-19 06:03:48
Creative Commons license:	CC0