Howe Quarry: Kimmeridgian, Wyoming
collected by B. Brown, W. Sinclair, P. Kaisen, R. Bird 1932–1934

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Theropoda
Theropoda indet. (Marsh 1881)
Brown 1935 12 specimens
teeth, "a similar, but smaller, flesh-eating dinosaur"
Allosaurus sp. Marsh 1877
Bird 1985
Reptilia
Camptosaurus sp. Marsh 1885
Brown 1935
Reptilia - Camarasauridae
Morosaurus sp. Marsh 1878
Brown 1935 4 individuals
Reptilia
Apatosaurus sp. Marsh 1877
Foster 2005 2 individuals
Diplodocinae indet. Janensch 1929
Turner and Peterson 1999 5 individuals
Diplodocus or Barosaurus
Barosaurus sp. Marsh 1890
Brown 1935 1 individual
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Wyoming County:Big Horn
Coordinates: 44.5° North, 107.8° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:39.7° North, 52.3° West
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Altitude:4219 meters
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period: Jurassic Epoch: Late Jurassic
Stage: Kimmeridgian 10 m.y. bin: Jurassic 5
Key time interval: Kimmeridgian
Age range of interval: 154.8 - 149.2 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Morrison
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:lenticular,fine,gray argillaceous,silty mudstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: drab mudstone, dominant clay, some silt, gray with varied tints
Environment:levee
Geology comments: levee environment in a poorly drained floodplain
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,mold/impression,soft parts
Lagerst�tten type:concentrate
Degree of concentration:-bonebed
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Spatial orientation:life position
Preservation of anatomical detail:good
Articulated whole bodies:some
Associated major elements:some
Disassociated major elements:some
Disassociated minor elements:some
Size sorting:poor
Fragmentation:occasional
Temporal resolution:time-averaged
Spatial resolution:autochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,mechanical,field collection
Collection size:4000 specimens
Rock censused:27000 cm2 (area)
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:AMNH
Collectors:B. Brown, W. Sinclair, P. Kaisen, R. Bird Collection dates:1932–1934
Collection method comments: density = 14.8; gastroliths present
Metadata
Also known as:WY-62, Red Gulch Quarry, Question Mark Quarry, Keyhole Canyon
Database number:46460
Authorizer:M. Carrano Enterer:M. Carrano
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:2005-01-13 11:23:43 Last modified:2023-11-21 16:34:57
Access level:the public Released:2005-01-13 11:23:43
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
63395. B. Brown. 1934. How dinosaurs died 125,000,000 years ago. Science News Letter 26(694):51-52 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

63396 Anonymous. 1934. Twelve swamp dinosaurs found by museum party. Science News Letter 26(694):51 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
54284 Anonymous. 1934. Dinosaur remains in Wyoming. Science 80 (supp.)(2065):6-7 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
54454 Anonymous. 1934. Teeth of sauropods. Science 80 (supp.)(2068):7 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
54227 Anonymous. 1934. Dinosaur discovery in Wyoming. Nature 80 (supp.)(2065):492 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12387ETE R. T. Bird. 1985. In V. T. Schreiber (ed.), Bones for Barnum Brown 1-225 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Uhen]
50240 C. A. Bjoraker and M. T. Naus. 1996. A summary of Morrison Formation (Jurassic: Kimmeridgian–Tithonian) geology and paleontology, with notice of a new dinosaur locality in the Bighorn Basin (USA). In C. E. Bowen, S. C. Kirkwood, & T. S. Miller (eds.), Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook, Forty-Seventh Annual Field Conference. Resources of the Bighorn Basin 297-307 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
77733 B. H. Breithaupt. 1996. The discovery of a nearly complete Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation, eastern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Resources of the Bighorn Basin. Wyoming Geological Association Forty-Seventh Guidebook 309-313 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
60337 B. H. Breithaupt. 1997. Howe Quarry. In P. J. Currie & K. Padian (ed.), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs 355-356 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
63394 B. Brown. 1934. Midget monsters found in “Question Mark Quarry”. Science News Letter 26(696):86 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
54258 B. Brown. 1935. The American Museum–Sinclair Expedition. Natural History 35:438 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
58804 B. Brown. 1935. Sinclair Dinosaur Expedition, 1934. Natural History 36:2-15 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
63492 B. Brown. 1937. Excavating the great Jurassic dinosaur quarry of northern Wyoming, 140,000,000 years old. Roentgen Economist 5(1):3-6, 10 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
58796 E. Buffetaut. 1997. History of dinosaur discoveries. III. Quiet times. In P. J. Currie & K. Padian (ed.), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs 350-352 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
17771ETE S. A. Czerkas. 1995. The history and interpretations of sauropod skin impressions. In M. G. Lockley, V. F. dos Santos, C. A. Meyer, & A. P. Hunt (eds.), Aspects of Sauropod Paleobiology. GAIA 10:173-182 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
75727 K. Decker. 2012. Evaluation of Proposed Expansion of the Garden Park Fossil Area National Natural Landmark, Fremont County, Colorado for its Merit in Meeting National Significance Criteria as a National Natural Landmark in Representing Geologic History of the Jurassic Period during the Age of Reptiles in the Southern Rocky Mountain Province, 27 pp. [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
5669ETE 1424P. Dodson, A. K. Behrensmeyer, R. T. Bakker and J. S. McIntosh. 1980. Taphonomy and paleoecology of Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. Paleobiology 6:208-232 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Carrano]
15179ETE J. R. Foster. 2003. Paleoecological analysis of the vertebrate fauna of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic), Rocky Mountain region, U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 23:1-95 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
19565ETE J. R. Foster. 2005. New juvenile sauropod material from western Colorado, and the record of juvenile sauropods from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. In K. Carpenter and V. Tidwell (eds.), Thunder-Lizards: The Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 141-153 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
69484 J. R. Foster and J. E. Peterson. 2016. First report of Apatosaurus (Diplodocidae: Apatosaurinae) from the Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Utah: abundance, distribution, paleoecology, and taphonomy of an endemic North American sauropod clade. Palaeoworld 25:431-443 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
63054 C. W. Gilmore. 1939. A review of recent progress in reptilian paleontology. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 50:337-348 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
46729 T. Keller. 1973. Diplodocus—Fossil und Leiche [Diplodocus—fossil and body]. Natur und Museum 103(9):320-333 [M. Bell/M. Bell/M. Carrano]
86556 R. Lei, E. Tschopp, C. Hendrickx, M. J. Wedel, M. A. Norell and D. W. E. Hone. 2023. Bite and tooth marks on sauropod dinosaurs from the Morrison Formation. PeerJ 11:16327:1-34 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
75719 H. J. McGinnis. 1982. Carnegie's Dinosaurs. A Comprehensive Guide to Dinosaur Hall at Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Carnegie Institute 1-119 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
19326ETE I. Michelis. 1997. Taphonomie des Howe Quarrys; Bighorn Country, Wyoming, USA [Taphonomy of the Howe Quarries, Bighorn County, Wyoming, USA]. In S. Sachs, O. W. M. Rauhut, & A. Weigert (eds.), Terra Nostra. 1. Treffen der deutschsprachigen Paläoherpetologen Düsseldorf 21.-23.02.1997 14-16 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
76174 H. J. Siber and U. Möckli. 2009. The Stegosaurs of the Sauriermuseum Aathal 1-54 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
16636ETE W. L. Stokes. 1987. Dinosaur gastroliths revisited. Journal of Paleontology 61(6):1242-1246 [M. Carrano/K. Maguire/M. Carrano]
62195 G. Stucker. 1951. Harvester of the past. Nature Magazine 44(9):467-470 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
79048 J. E. Swierc and G. D. Johnson. 1996. A local chronostratigraphy for the Morrison Formation, northeastern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. In C. E. Bowen, S. C. Kirkwood, & T. S. Miller (eds.), Resources of the Bighorn Basin. Wyoming Geological Association Forty-Seventh Annual Field Conference. Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook 47:315-327 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
56593 E. Tschopp and O. Mateus. 2013. Clavicles, interclavicles, gastralia, and sternal ribs in sauropod dinosaurs: new reports from Diplodocidae and their morphological, functional and evolutionary implications. Journal of Anatomy 222(3):321-340 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
13281ETE C. E. Turner and F. Peterson. 1999. Biostratigraphy of dinosaurs in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of the Western Interior, U.S.A. In D. D. Gillette (ed.), Vertebrate Paleontology in Utah, Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1:77-114 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
82719 B. K. Wilborn. 2001. Two New Dinosaur Bonebeds from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation, Bighorn Basin, WY: An Analysis of the Paleontology and Stratigraphy. 1-42 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Uhen]
55126 O. Wings. 2015. The rarity of gastroliths in sauropod dinosaurs – a case study in the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation, western USA. Fossil Record 18(1):1-16 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]