Loc. 237 - The Grove [Waccamaw Fm]: Early/Lower Pleistocene, South Carolina

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Olividae
Oliva litterata Lamarck 1811
synonym of Oliva (Ispidula) sayana
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Voluta mutabilis
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Pectinidae
Amusium mortoni n. sp. (Ravenel 1844)
Pecten eboreus (Conrad 1833)
recombined as Carolinapecten eboreus
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae
Cardium sublineatum
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Veneridae
Venus cribraria Conrad 1843
recombined as Chione cribraria
Bivalvia - Solenida - Solenidae
Solen ensis Linnaeus 1767
Echinoidea - Clypeasteroida - Mellitidae
Mellita caroliniana (Ravenel 1841)
Clark and Twitchell 1915
recombined as Leodia caroliniana
Encope macrophora (Ravenel 1842)
Echinoidea - Spatangoida - Schizasteridae
Agassizia porifera (Ravenel 1848)
Cooke 1942
Echinoidea - Spatangoida - Brissidae
Metalia raveneliana
Brissus spatiosus (Ravenel 1848)
Echinoidea - Spatangoida - Loveniidae
Echinocardium gothicus (Ravenel 1848)
synonym of Echinocardium orthonotum
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:South Carolina County:Berkeley
Coordinates: 33.0° North, 79.9° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:33.0° North, 79.5° West
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Early/Lower Pleistocene
Age range of interval:2.58000 - 0.77400 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Waccamaw
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From Waccamaw Fm. AGE: Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene, but here assigned to the Early Pleistocene following DuBar (1971). STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From 5 ft exposure in a ditch.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: unlithified marl
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Marl. LITHIFICATION: Unlithified, assumed on the basis of age and facies description.
Environment:coastal indet.
Geology comments: ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine, shelfal siliciclastic.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,original aragonite,original calcite
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Fragmentation:frequent
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:biostratigraphic analysis
Collection method comments: COLLECTORS: Lyell (1841) and Tuomey, 1922. REPOSITORIES: Unknown.
Taxonomic list comments:COVERAGE: Limited to characteristic bivalves and gastropods. NOMENCLATURE: Not an authoritative publication and with antiquated nomenclature but with species-resolution identifications. Nomenclature updated with subsequent publications.
Metadata
Database number:92411
Authorizer:A. Hendy, M. Uhen Enterer:A. Hendy, M. Uhen
Modifier:L. Eccles Research group:GCP,marine invertebrate
Created:2009-11-10 13:52:46 Last modified:2013-11-25 13:37:23
Access level:the public Released:2009-11-10 13:52:46
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
31145. C. W. Cooke. 1936. Geology of the Coastal Plain of South Carolina. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 837 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]

Secondary references:

16640 W. B. Clark and M. W. Twitchell. 1915. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Echinodermata of the United States. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 54:1-341 [L. Villier/J. Millet/M. Uhen]
32917 C. W. Cooke. 1942. Cenozoic irregular echinoids of the Eastern United States. Journal of Paleontology 16:1-62 [L. Villier/L. Villier]