Sud-Sacaco West (SAS) horizon: Messinian, Peru

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Veneridae
Dosinia sp. Scopoli 1777
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Bivalvia - Arcida - Arcidae
Anadara sp. Gray 1847
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Chondrichthyes - Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816
Muizon 1984
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816
Muizon and DeVries 1985
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Odontaspis aff. taurus (Rafinesque 1810)
Muizon 1984
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Ehret et al. 2012 2 specimens
Marocco and Muizon 1988
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Otodontidae
Muizon 1984
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Reptilia - Odontopterygiformes - Pelagornithidae
cf. Pelagornithidae indet. Fürbringer 1888
Muizon 1984
Pelagornis sp. Lartet 1857
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Reptilia - Suliformes - Sulidae
Stucchi and Urbina 2004 5 specimens
Stucchi et al. 2016 1 specimen
cf. Sula sp. Brisson 1760
Muizon 1984
Sula sp. Brisson 1760
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Reptilia - Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Muizon 1984
Reptilia - Procellariidae
Muizon 1984
Fulmarus sp. Stephens 1826
Cheneval 1993
Reptilia - Spheniscidae
Spheniscidae indet. Bonaparte 1831
Marocco and Muizon 1988
form 2
Stucchi 2002 4 specimens
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae
Vulturidae indet. Illiger 1811
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Reptilia - Gavialidae
Eusuchia sp. Huxley 1875
Muizon 1984
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
MUSM 165
Salas-Gismondi et al. 2022
MUSM 162 - holotype; referred specimen: MUSM 160
unclassified
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
Mammalia - Nothrotheriidae
McDonald and Muizon 2002 4 specimens
Mammalia - Megatheriidae
Muizon 1984
Mammalia - Cetacea
Muizon 1984
Mammalia - Cetacea - Odobenocetopsidae
Muizon et al. 1999 1 specimen
Muizon 1993
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Cetacea - Phocoenidae
Marocco and Muizon 1988
Muizon 1983
Mammalia - Cetacea - Delphinidae
Pilleri and Siber 1989 1 specimen
Muizon 1984
Mammalia - Cetacea - Pontoporiidae
Mammalia - Cetacea - Ziphiidae
Muizon 1983
Mammalia - Cetacea - Kogiidae
Lambert and Muizon 2013 1 specimen
sp. nov.
Mammalia - Cetacea
Marocco and Muizon 1988
Pilleri and Siber 1989 1 specimen
(11 measurements)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Tarquini et al. 2020
MNHN SAS 1625
Mammalia - Carnivora - Phocidae
Marocco and Muizon 1988
Muizon 1984
form 2
Muizon 1981
Amson and Muizon 2013 2 specimens
Muizon 1981
Mammalia - Carnivora - Otariidae
Pilleri 1990
Tetraodontiformes
Muizon and DeVries 1985
Tetraodontiformes - Balistidae
Muizon 1984
Actinopteri - Centropomidae
Muizon and DeVries 1985
Actinopteri - Scombriformes - Scombridae
Scombridae indet. (Rafinesque 1815)
Muizon 1984
Actinopteri - Scombriformes - Cybiidae
Muizon 1984
Actinopteri - Istiophoriformes - Xiphiidae
Xiphiidae indet. Swainson 1839
Muizon 1984
Actinopteri - Istiophoriformes - Sphyraenidae
Muizon 1984
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Ariidae
Ariidae indet. Berg 1958
Muizon 1984
Muizon and DeVries 1985
Actinopteri - Clupeiformes - Clupeoidei
Alosinae indet. (Svetovidov 1952)
Muizon 1984
Clupeidae indet. Cuvier 1817
Stucchi and Urbina 2004
see common names

Geography
Country:Peru
Coordinates: 15.6° South, 74.7° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:15.2° South, 73.2° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:local area
Time
Period: Neogene Epoch: Miocene
Stage: Messinian 10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 6
*Period:Tertiary *Epoch:Early/Lower Pliocene
Key time interval: Messinian
Age range of interval: 7.246 - 5.333 m.y. ago
Age estimate: 6.35 to 5.47 Ma (Sr isotope)
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Pisco
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: See Muizon and de Vries (1985). Basal most Pliocene. A tuff layer from the Sacaco level, above the Sud-Sacaco level, has been dated radiometrically (K/Ar) to 3.9 Myr (de Muizon & Bellon, 1980, 1986). Ehret et al (2012) updated the age to Messinian (5.93 Sr isotopes) rather than Zanclean.
"The Sud-Sacaco West locality is late Messinian in age, with Sr isotopes ranging from 6.15 ± 0.15 to 5.85 ± 0.15 Ma and U–Pb maximum depositional ages of 6.28 ± 0.05 Ma (MG4-25; Figs. 4D) and 6.62 ± 0.10 Ma (MG4-01; Fig. 4D)." (Ochoa et al. 2022)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:diatomaceous siltstone
Includes fossils?Y
Environment:foreshore
Geology comments: SAS (Montemar) horizon. Shore environment with beaches and reefs exposed to marine currents. High sedimentation rate, shallow-to-deep shelf, upwelling
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,original phosphate
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:medium
Associated major elements:some
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:field collection,observed (not collected)
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Metadata
Also known as:SASw
Database number:13079
Authorizer:M. Uhen, P. Mannion Enterer:M. Uhen, P. Mannion, N. Pyenson
Modifier:B. Allen Research group:vertebrate
Created:2002-01-18 12:36:08 Last modified:2025-04-06 05:08:34
Access level:the public Released:2002-01-18 12:36:08
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
11891. C. Muizon. 1983. Pliopontos littoralis un nouveau Platanistidae Cetacea du Pliocene de la cote peruvienne. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris Serie II (296)1101-1104 [M. Uhen/N. Pyenson/N. Pyenson]

Secondary references:

48158 E. Amson and C. Muizon. 2013. A new durophagous phocid (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the late Neogene of Peru and considerations on monachine seals phylogeny. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12(5):523-548 [M. Uhen/V. Mason/M. Uhen]
40374 J. Cheneval. 1993. L'avifaune Mio-Pliocene de la Formation Pisco (Perou) etude prliminaire. Document Labratorie Geologique Lyon 125:85-95 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
30017 D. J. Ehret, B. J. MacFadden, and R. Salas-Gismondi. 2009. Caught in the act: Trophic interactions between a 4-million-year-old white shark (Charcharodon) and mysticete whale from Peru. Palaios 24:329-333 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
46232 D. J. Ehret, B. J. MacFadden, D. S. Jones, T. J. DeVries, D. A. Foster and R. Salas-Gismondi. 2012. Origin of the white shark Carcharodon (Lamniformes: Lamnidae) based on recalibration of the upper Neogene Pisco Formation of Peru. Palaeontology 55(6):1139-1153 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
27969 O. Lambert, G. Bianucci, and C. Muizon. 2008. A new stem-sperm whale (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea) from the Latest Miocene of Peru. Comptes Rendus Palevol 7(6):361-369 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/J. Alroy]
46791 O. Lambert and C. Muizon. 2013. A new long-snouted species of the Miocene pontoporiid dolphin Brachydelphis and a review of the Mio-Pliocene marine mammal levels in the Sacaco Basin, Peru. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33(3):709-721 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
12182 R. Marocco and C. d.e. Muizon. 1988. Los vertebrados del Neogeno de La Costa Sur del Perú: Ambiente sedimentario y condiciones de fosilización. Bulletin de l'Institut Frances d'Etudes Andines 17(2):105-117 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
16792 H. G. McDonald and C. Muizon. 2002. The cranial anatomy of Thalassocnus (Xenarthra, Mammalia), a derived nothrothere from the Neogene of the Pisco Formation (Peru). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(2):349-365 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/J. Alroy]
11888 C. Muizon. 1983. Un nouveau Phocoenidae (Cetacea) du Pliocene inferieur du Perou. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris Serie II (296)1203-1206 [M. Uhen/N. Pyenson/N. Pyenson]
11893 C. Muizon. 1993. Walrus-like feeding adaptation in a new cetacean from the Pliocene of Peru. Nature 365:745-748 [M. Uhen/N. Pyenson/N. Pyenson]
16910 C. Muizon. 1981. Les vertebres fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Perou). Premiere parti: Deux nouveaux Monachina (Phocidae, Mammalia) du Pliocene de Sud-Sacaco. Recherche sur les grandes civilisations Memoire 6:1-150 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
11880 C. Muizon. 1983. Un Ziphiidae nouveau du Pliocene inferieur de Perou. Comptes rendus de l'Academic des Sciences Paris Serie II 297:85-88 [M. Uhen/N. Pyenson/M. Uhen]
15398 C. Muizon. 1984. Les vertebres fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Perou) II: Les Odontocetes (Cetacea, Mammalia) du Pliocene inferieur de Sud-Sacaco. Institut Francais d'Etudes Andines Editions Recherche sur les Civilizations Memoire 50:1-188 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
11895 C. Muizon. 1988. Les vertebres fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Perou). Troisieme partie: Les Odontocetes (Cetacea, Mammalia) du Miocene. Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations (78)1-244 [M. Uhen/N. Pyenson/M. Uhen]
16797 C. Muizon and T. J. DeVries. 1985. Geology and paleontology of late Cenozoic marine deposits in the Sacaco area (Peru). Geologische Rundschau 74(3):547-563 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
15397 C. Muizon, D. P. Domning, and M. Parrish. 1999. Dimorphic tusks and adaptive strategies in a new species of walrus-like dolphin (Odobenocetopsidae) from the Pliocene of Peru. C. R. Academie des Sciences, Paris, Sciences de la terre et des planets 329:449-455 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
16788 C. Muizon and H. G. McDonald. 1995. An aquatic sloth from the Pliocene of Peru. Nature 375:224-227 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
81296 D. Ochoa, T. J. DeVries, K. Quispe, A. Barbosa-Espitia, R. Salas-Gismondi, D. A. Foster, R. Gonzales, S. Revillon, R. Berrospi, L. Pairazamán, J. Cardich, A. Perez, P. Romero, M. Urbina, and M. Carré. 2022. Age and provenance of the Mio-Pleistocene sediments from the Sacaco area, Peruvian continental margin. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 116:103799 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
26378 G. Pilleri. 1990. Zweiter fund von Arctocephalus lomasiensis und Acrophoca longirostris (Pinnipedia) in der Pisco Formation Perus. Beiträge zur Paläontologie der Cetaceen und Pinnipedier der Pisco Formation Perus II:237-240 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/J. Alroy]
43585% 10880G. Pilleri and O. Pilleri. 1989. Bartenwale aus der Pisco-Formation Perus. Beitrage zur Palaontologie der cetaceen Perus 11-38 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/J. Alroy]
12814 G. Pilleri and H. J. Siber. 1989. Neuer Spattertiarer cetotherid (Cetacea, Mysticeti) aus der Pisco Formation Perus. Beitrage zur Palaontologie der Cetaceen Perus 109-115 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
12842 G. Pilleri and H. J. Siber. 1989. Neuer delphinid (Cetacea, Odontoceti) aus der Pisco-Formation Perus. Beitrage zur Palaontologie der cetaceen Perus 167-175 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
81650 R. Salas-Gismondi, D. Ochoa, S. Jouve, P. E. Romero, J. Cardich, A. Perez, T. DeVries, P. Baby, M. Urbina and M. Carré. 2022. Miocene fossils from the southeastern Pacific shed light on the last radiation of marine crocodylians. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 289:20220380:1-10 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
34468 M. Stucchi. 2002. Una nueva especie de Spheniscus (Aves: Spheniscidae) de la Formacion Pisco, Peru. Boletim de la Sociedad Geologica del Peru 94:17-24 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
18990 M. Stucchi and M. Urbina. 2004. Ramphastosula (aves, Sulidae): a new genus from the early Pliocene of the Pisco Formation, Peru. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(4):974-978 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
59281 M. Stucchi, R. M. Varas-Malca, and M. Urbina-Schmitt. 2016. New Miocene sulid birds from Peru and considerations on their Neogene fossil record in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61(2):417-427 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
74387 J. Tarquini, L. H. Soibelzon, R. Salas-Gismondi and C. Muizon. 2020. Cyonasua (Carnivora, Procyonidae) from late Miocene of Peru shed light on the early dispersal of carnivorans in South America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1834406:1-9 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]