Bajo Giuliani: Huayquerian, Argentina

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Tinamiformes - Tinamidae
Nothura sp. Wagler 1827
Cenizo et al. 2012
GHUNLPam 8070/1, distal portion of left femur
Mammalia - Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Esteban et al. 2000
Mammalia - Cingulata
Romano et al. 2023
Romano et al. 2023
Eosclerocalyptus sp. Ameghino 1919
Romano et al. 2023
Mammalia - Mylodontidae
Montalvo et al. 2020
GHUNLPam 2418 and MLP 81-XI-1-1
Mammalia - Notoungulata
Tremacyllus impressus (Ameghino 1888)
Sostillo et al. 2018
GHUNLPam multiple specimens
Paedotherium sp. Burmeister 1888
Cerdeño et al. 2017
Paedotherium minor Cabrera 1937
Sostillo et al. 2021
GHUNLPam 9749, 4318, multiple specimens
Cerdeño and Montalvo 2002
GhUNLPam 2231
Mammalia - Notoungulata - Mesotheriidae
Romano et al. 2023
Mammalia - Rodentia - Abrocomidae
Protabrocoma antiqua Rovereto 1914
Romano et al. 2023
Mammalia - Rodentia
Verzi 1999
GHUNLPam 2217
Mammalia - Rodentia - Octodontidae
Piñero et al. 2021
GHUNLPam 2338, 2363, 8547, 27058
Phtoramys sp. Ameghino 1887
Romano et al. 2023
(6 measurements)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Echimyidae
Verzi et al. 1995
GHUNLPam 2214 (type)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Caviidae
Dolicavia sp. Ameghino 1916
Romano et al. 2023
Romano et al. 2023
Mammalia - Rodentia - Chinchillidae
Montalvo et al. 2023
GHUNLPam 415, GHUNLPam 657, GHUNLPam 2137, GHUNLPam 2192, GHUNLPam 2213, GHUNLPam 2241, GHUNLPam 5123, GHUNLPam 5452, GHUNLPam 8067, GHUNLPam 8071, GHUNLPam 12944, GHUNLPam 18990.
Montalvo et al. 2023
GHUNLPam 2220, GHUNLPam 2262, GHUNLPam 3694, GHUNLPam 9582, GHUNLPam 12751, GHUNLPam 14584, GHUNLPam 14586.
Mammalia - Panameriungulata - Proterotheriidae
Schmidt et al. 2018
Schmidt et al. 2018
Schmidt et al. 2018
Mammalia - Didelphimorphia
Goin et al. 2000
Goin et al. 2000
(10 measurements)
Goin et al. 2000
(12 measurements)
Mammalia - Paucituberculata - Caenolestidae
Goin et al. 2000
Mammalia - Argyrolagidae
Goin et al. 2000
see common names

Geography
Country:Argentina State/province:La Pampa
Coordinates: 36.7° South, 64.3° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:36.4° South, 62.6° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:estimated from map
Altitude:165 meters
Geographic resolution:local area
Time
Period: Neogene
10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 6
Key time interval: Huayquerian Mammal zone:  Huayquerian
Age range of interval: 8 - 5 m.y. ago
Age estimate: 7.541 to 6.811 Ma (other)
Stratigraphy
Formation:Cerro Azul
Stratigraphic resolution:formation
Stratigraphy comments: Schmidt et al. 2018: Figure 2 illustrates the stratigraphic distribution of the locality giving a general age estimate of 6.0-6.6Ma

Romano et al. 2023: Biochronological methods were useful in ordering and estimating the age of the different faunas of the Cerro Azul Formation, ranging from ca. 8 to ca. 5.7 Ma. Some appear to be transitional between Chasicoan and “Huayquerian” faunas (Cerro La Bota, Cerro Patagua, and Algarrobo del Águila), and other three (Barrancas Coloradas, El Guanaco, and Caleufú) cover the latest Miocene, even some of them could have reached the earliest Pliocene. The Cerro Azul Formation localities cover the range between ca. 8 to ca. 5.7 Ma (late Tortonian–Messinian; Late Miocene; Fig. 3; Supplementary Online Information 1, Tab. S8). 7.071 Ma (6.811 - 7.541 Ma) for Bajo Giuliani.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:paleosol/pedogenic,concretionary,nodular,red or brown sandy siltstone
Lithology description: Sostillo et al 2018: The Cerro Azul Formation deposits (Linares et al., 1980) are discontinuous along the whole occupied area in the provinces of La Pampa and Buenos Aires (Fig. 2). They are composed of silts, sandy silts and very thin silty sands, reddish and brown colored, with a homogeneous and com- pact general aspect, and frequent carbonate nodules and evidences of pedogenic processes (Folguera and Zárate, 2009). Visconti et al. (2010) interpreted them as eolian de- posits characterized by loessic materials, with a high per- centage of lithic fragments and volcaniclastic sediments. Detailed geological and stratigraphic descriptions of the Cerro Azul Formation are provided by Linares et al. (1980), Goin et al. (2000), Visconti et al. (2010), and Folguera and Zárate (2009) Bajo Giuliani are eolian depositions with paleosols.
Environment:loess
Geology comments: Schmidt et al. 2018: Deposits at Telen, Bajo Giuliani, El Guanaco and Caleufú were interpreted as loess-like deposits with immature palaeosols and little diagenetic alteration (Montalvo et al., 2008, 2016; Verzi et al., 2008).
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa

Esteban, et al. 2000: Todos los ejemplares analizados están depositados en
la Cátedra de Geología Histórica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales de la Universidad Nacional ele La Pampa, Argentina, cuyo acrónimo es GHUNLPam
Metadata
Database number:140925
Authorizer:C. Jaramillo, P. Mannion, J. Carrillo Enterer:J. Carrillo, M. Kouvari, P. Mannion, G. Varnham, K. Pino
Modifier:K. Pino Research group:vertebrate
Created:2013-03-19 06:25:49 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:2013-03-19 06:25:49
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
45739. C. I. Montalvo and S. Casadio. 1988. Presencia del género Paleoctodon (Rodentia, Octodontidae) en el Huayqueriense (Mioceno tardío) de la Provincia de La Pampa. Ameghiniana 25(2):111-114 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo]

Secondary references:

72948 M. M. Cenizo, C. P. Tambussi, and C. I. Montalvo. 2012. Late Miocene continental birds from the Cerro Azul Formation in the Pampean region (central- southern Argentina). Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 36(1):47-68 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
73117 E. Cerdeño and C. I. Montalvo. 2002. Los Hegetotheriinae (Hegetotheriidae, Notoungulata) del Mioceno superior de la provincia de La Pampa, Argentina. Revista del Museo Argentina de Ciencias Naturales 41(1):35-43 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
70179 E. Cerdeño, C. I. Montalvo, and R. Sostillo. 2017. Deciduous dentition and eruption pattern in late Miocene Pachyrukhinae (Hegetotheriidae, Notoungulata) from La Pampa Province, Argentina. Historical Biology 29(3):359-375 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari]
70059 G. I. Esteban, N. L. Nasif, and C. I. Montalvo. 2000. Nuevos registros de Dasypodidae (Xenarthra) del Mioceno tardío de la provincia de La Pampa, Argentina. Revista Espanola de Paleontología 16(1):77-87 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari]
48408 F. J. Goin, C. I. Montalvo, and G. Visconti. 2000. Los marsupiales (Mammalia) del Mioceno Superior de la Formacion Cerro Azul(Provincia de La Pampa, Argentina). Estudios Geol 56:101-126 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo/J. Carrillo]
73341 C. I. Montalvo, A. R. Miño-Boilini, R. Sostillo, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Cardonatto and R. A. Bonini. 2020. The Scelidotheriinae Proscelidodon gracillimus (Xenarthra: Mylodontidae) from the Cerro Azul Formation (late Miocene), Argentina: Ontogenetic variability and taxonomy. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 102754 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
85601 C. I. Montalvo, R. Sostillo, and L. L. Rasia. 2023. New light on the late Middle Miocene–Early Pliocene representatives of Lagostomus (Chinchillidae, Rodentia) from Cerro Azul Formation, Argentina. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 128(104481) [J. Carrillo/K. Pino]
85280 P. Piñero, D. H. Verzi, A. I. Olivares, C. I. Montalvo, R. L. Tomassini and A. Fernández Villoldo. 2021. Evolutionary pattern of Metacaremys gen. nov. (Rodentia, Octodontidae) and its biochronological implications for the late Miocene and early Pliocene of southern South America. Papers in Palaeontology 7(4):1859-1917 [J. Carrillo/K. Pino/P. Mannion]
85650 C. O. Romano, R. Bonini, S. Hemming, M. Cenizo, U. F. J. Pardiñas and F. J. Prevosti. 2023. Advances in the understanding of Neogene mammalian fauna in the Pampean region (central Argentina) through revising “biozone” hypotheses based on new dates and biochronological analyses. Ameghiniana 60(5):465-491 [J. Carrillo/K. Pino]
69166 G. I. Schmidt, C. I. Montalvo, R. Sostillo and E. Cerdeño. 2018. Proterotheriidae (Mammalia, Litopterna) from the Cerro Azul Formation (late Miocene), La Pampa Province, Argentina. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 83:165-177 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
72326 R. Sostillo, E. Cerdeno, and C. I. Montalvo. 2018. Taxonomic implications of a large sample of Tremacyllus (Hegetotheriidae: Pachyrukhinae) from the late Miocene Cerro Azul formation of La Pampa, Argentina. Ameghiniana 55(4):407-422 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari]
84590 R. Sostillo, C. I. Montalvo, E. Cerdeño, G. I. Schmidt, A. Folguera and M. C. Cardonatto. 2021. Updated knowledge on the Notoungulata (Mammalia) from the late Miocene Cerro Azul Formation, La Pampa Province, Argentina. Historical Biology An International Journal of Paleobiology 33(8):1247-1265 [J. Carrillo/K. Pino]
65013 D. H. Verzi. 1999. The dental evidence on the differentiation of the ctenomyine rodents (Caviomorpha, Octodontidae, Ctenomyinae). Acta Theriologica 44(3):263-282 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo]
69245 D. H. Verzi, M. G. Vucetich, and C. I. Montalvo. 1995. Un nuevo Eumysopinae (Rodentia, Echimyidae) de Mioceno tardío de la Provincia de La Pampa y consideraciones sobre la historia de la subfamilia. Ameghiniana 32:191-195 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]